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The molarity of sugar if its 20g are dissolved in water to make volume up to 2L is calculated as 342 g/mol.

A unit of concentration expressed as the number of moles of dissolved solute per liter of solution is called molarity. If number of moles and the volume are divided by 1000, then molarity is expressed as number of millimoles per milliliter of solution.

Molarity is the moles of a solute per liters of a solution and Molarity is also called the molar concentration of a solution.

As we know, Molarity=  Mass / (Molar mass × Volume)

Hence, the concentration of sugar;

= 20/342×2

=0.029mol/L.

Now, molar mass of sugar =342 g/mol.

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All solutions have freezing points that are lower than those of pure solvents and that are inversely related to the molality of the solute.

A solute's freezing point is completely based on its concentration, not on its mass or chemical composition. A typical instance of freezing point depression is when salt reduces the freezing point of water in cold weather.

Frost point When solute molecules are added to a solvent, a colliding phenomenon known as depression results.

As a result, the freezing temperatures of all solutions are lower than those of pure solvents and are inversely related to the solute's molality.

study the freezing point.

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This expression also referred as boiling hot was used early as the late Middle Ages to describe the steam that fired out of a keeps spouting tea kettle, a device that had been in use since ancient Mesopotamia.

Boiling is the rapid evaporation of a liquid that occurs when it is heated to its boiling point, which is the temperature at which the liquid's vapour pressure equals the pressure exerted on the fluid by the outer air.

Evaporation is an a kind of vaporization that takes place on the surface of a fluid as it transitions from the liquid phase to the gas phase. When humidity affects the rate of evaporation of water, a high concentration of the dissipating substance in the gas or vapor significantly slows down evaporation.

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Chocolate can stiffen or seize up easily. It happens when you overheat and burn it as well as when you allow the chocolate to come into contact with a small amount of moisture, which is why keeping chocolate dry is always advised.

It will no longer have the rich, glossy sheen that characterizes its melted form and instead will appear drab, muddy, and have a thick, sluggish texture. And the harder it will be to save, the longer it cooks at high temperatures.

You must discard it and start over if it tastes burnt. If it tastes nice, pour it into a fresh bowl that has been chilled and cool it down by stirring in some freshly chopped chocolate.

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The freezing point of an aqueous solution containing 17g of c2h5oh in 1000g of water −0.69 degree celcius

What is freezing point?

When the temperature of a liquid falls below its freezing point, it transforms into a solid. According to the internationally accepted definition, freezing is the solidification phase change of a liquid or the liquid content of a substance caused by cooling.

Most substances have the same melting and freezing points; however, certain substances have different solid-liquid transition temperatures. Agar, for example, exhibits hysteresis in its melting and freezing points. It melts at 85 °C (185 °F) and solidifies at 32 °C to 40 °C (89.6 °F to 104 °F).

Hence, the freezing point of an aqueous solution containing 17g of c2h5oh in 1000g of water −0.69 degree celsius

△T f = K f × m B ×w A. w B ×1000

​ =1.86× 46×100017×1000

​ =0.69

∴ Freezing point of solution =0−0.69=−0.69 degree celsius

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Pure elements has Gibbs free energy equal to 0.

The Gibbs free energy is a concept in chemistry specially of thermodynamics. The maximum amount of work that can be accomplished at a constant temperature and pressure by a closed system can be calculated using the Gibbs free energy (also known as Gibbs energy; symbol: denoted as delta G). Additionally, it offers a prerequisite for any processes like chemical reactions that might take place in such circumstances.

When a system achieves equilibrium without being pushed by an input electrolytic voltage, the Gibbs energy is the thermodynamic potential that is reduced. At the equilibrium point, its derivative w.r.t. the system's reaction coordinate vanishes.

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In order to heat a round bottom flask in a heating mantle, plug the heating mantle into a variac or powermite.

A chemical process which typically involves the transformation or rearrangement of the atomic, ionic or molecular structure of an element through the breakdown and formation of chemical bonds to produce a new compound or substance is known as a chemical reaction.

In order to heat a round bottom flask in a heating mantle we have to plug the heating mantle into a Variac or Powermite which is typically used for controlling the temperature level. Turn the heat up gradually, and do not exceed 50-60% of the maximum output of the device, it advised to do so to avoid any electrical issues such as overloading, short-circuit etc.

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Answer:

Explanation:

An atom is a complex arrangement of negatively charged electrons arranged in defined shells about a positively charged nucleus. This nucleus contains most of the atom's mass and is composed of protons and neutrons (except for common hydrogen which has only one proton).

An isotope is generated when two neutrons are abruptly added to an atom with 40 protons & 51 neutrons. Zirconium-93.

Zirconium-93 decays into niobium-93m (the "m" stands for metastable), which then undergoes an isomeric shift with a half-life of 14 years and emits a beta particle with such a half-life of 1.5 million years.

It is used to create furnace linings, casting bricks, abrasives, and crucibles that can survive heat shock, as well as by the glass & ceramics industries.

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Answer: ur mom

Explanation:

u don’t know she could be hot

To arrange the four compounds according to lambda max, you will need to know the lambda max values for each compound. Lambda max is the wavelength at which a compound absorbs the most light, and is a measure of the compound's color.

Here is the list of compounds (as an example), arranged in decreasing order of lambda max:

Without knowing the specific lambda max values for the four compounds, it is not possible to accurately arrange them according to lambda max.

Since the question was not complete and nowhere to be found, the answer is general. However, the solution is given with an example to make it simpler for you to solve.

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In the final step of the enzyme substrate complex, the product leaves the active site of the enzyme .

The whole process of enzyme substrate complex is a temporary molecule formed when an enzyme comes into perfect contact with its substrate. Without its substrate an enzyme is a slightly different shape. The substrate causes a conformational change when the substrate enters the active site. The active site is the area of the enzyme capable of forming weak bonds with the substrate. some enzyme functions independently. This shape change can force two or more substrate molecules together or split individual molecules into smaller parts. Most reactions that cells use to stay alive require the actions of enzymes to happen fast enough to be useful. It is influenced by temperature and pH.

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There are two functional groups present in the structure below. These groups are arene and ether. The correct options are c and g.

An atom or group of atoms inside a molecule that share chemical characteristics when they appear in different compounds is referred to as a functional group.

Certain functional groups have a tendency to behave in a certain way, even though other components of the molecule are very different. Aromatic hydrocarbons include arenes. Originally, the word "aromatic" referred to their odors.

Therefore, the correct options are c, arene, and g, ether.

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:

Its structure is linear for propane. The final carbon atom is joined to the functional group OH. Isomers are variations of compounds that share the same chemical formula but have various atomic configurations. The image of propan 1 ol and propan 2 ol is attached below.

A primary alcohol having the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2OH, propan-1-ol is also known as prOH or n-PrOH. It is an isomer of 2-propanol and a colourless liquid.

Acrolein, commonly referred to as propenal or acrylic aldehyde, is a member of the enals class of chemical compounds. These have the typical chemical formula RC=C-CH=O and are alpha, beta unsaturated aldehydes, where the aldehydic C=O function is conjugated to the C=C double bond at the alpha beta position.

Thus, Its structure is linear for propane. The final carbon atom is joined to the functional group OH. Isomers are variations of compounds that share the same chemical formula but have various atomic configurations.

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The freezing point depression of of 17.1 grams of sucrose in 500.0 grams of water is −0.186°C.

A solution's freezing point is lower than that of the pure solvent's.

The term "freezing point depression" is used to describe this phenomena.

DT = (Kf) is the formula for the freezing point depression (m)

The freezing point depression is represented by T f =  T° f - ΔT

The pure solvent's freezing point is T°f.

The solution's freezing point is ΔTf.

Kf is the solvent's molal freezing point depression constant.

The value of Kf is typical for the particular solvent.

Kf is measured in °C/m units.

The solution's molality is given by m.

m is the amount of solute per kilogram of solvent.

m = kilogram of solvent/moles of solute

The molecular weight of sucrose is

12(12.01) + 22(1.01) + 11(16.00) = 342.34 g/mole

The number of moles of Sucrose = 17.1 / 342.34 = 0.05moles

and the concentration of the solution in moles per kilogram of water is

0.05 moles / 0.500 kg H₂O = 0.1 molal

By taking the freezing point constant for water as 1.86

Δ T f = 1.86°C/m × 0.1 m

Δ T f = 0.186

Because the freezing point of pure water is 0°C, the sucrose solution freezes at –0.186°C.

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Complete Question -

What is the freezing point depression of of 17.1 grams of sucrose

(C12H22O11) in 500.0 grams of water?

The compounds in below image categorized as meso or non-meso species.

A meso compound or meso isomer is one of a group of stereoisomers, at least two of which are optically active, but not the others. This indicates that the molecule is not chiral even though it has two or more stereocenters. The mirror image of a meso compound can be "superposed" on it.

A molecule with many identical stereocenters and an identical or superimposable mirror image is referred to as a meso complex. Enantiomers: Non-superimposable mirror copies of one another, enantiomers are optical isomers.

Thus, The compounds in below image categorized as meso or non-meso species.

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The major product of the given reaction will be Hoffmann product as shown in the attached diagram.

Hofmann elimination can be described as an elimination reaction of an amine to generate alkenes. The least stable alkene called the Hofmann product is formed from the Hofmann alkene synthesis rule. This rule contrast with usual elimination reactions, where Zaitsev's rule gives the formation of the most stable alkene.

The Hofmann product is preferentially formed because of the steric bulk of the leaving group causing the hydroxide to abstract easily accessible hydrogen.

In the Hofmann elimination, the least substituted alkene is favored due to intramolecular steric interactions. The formation of the Zaitsev product is energetically less favorable than the conformation needed for the formation of the Hofmann product.

Therefore, the Hofmann product is preferentially formed. In the given reaction less substituted alkene will be formed.

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To solve this, we must know each and every concept related to friedel-crafts alkylation reaction. Therefore, the correct option is option E among all the given options.

The Friedel-Crafts synthesis is just an aromatic chemical method in which an electrophilic substitution substitution takes place. The hydrogen in benzene is replaced by an electrophile in the vicinity of a Lewis acid, like anhydrous aluminium chloride.

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation is a chemical process in which the proton of an aromatic molecule is replaced with an alkyl. This reaction happens when there is  anhydrous aluminum chloride. Anhydrous aluminium chloride can be replaced with other Lewis acids, like FeCl[tex]_3[/tex].

Therefore, the correct option is option E.

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After solving the equation the pH of a 0.233m solution of anilinium chloride is 2.64.

What is ph of solution?
A solution's acidity is determined by its hydrogen ion concentration, which is measured by its pH. Pure water slightly splits into hydrogen and hydroxyl (OH) ions with equal proportions.

Aniline hydrochloride is conjugate acid of aniline. For calculation of pH we have to find pKa of C6H5NH2HCl and it behaves as a weak acid.

pKa+pKb= pKw

Kb= 4.6×10⁻¹⁰

pKa=14-(-log4.6ₓ10⁻¹⁰)

=4.66

pH=1/2pKa-1/2logc(c=0.233)

=4.66/2+0.63/2(logc= -0.63)

pH= 2.64

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The ph of a 0.233 m solution of anilinium chloride is 2.64

What purposes does aniline hydrochloride serve?

A powdery, crystalline (sand-like) green or white substance is aniline hydrochloride. It is employed in printing, dyeing, and the synthesis of other compounds.

In order to create polyaniline-coated poly(styrene-co-styrene sulfonate) nanoparticles, aniline hydrochloride was utilized. In the rat spleen and in response to aniline exposure, base excision repair (BER) mediated by 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 and Nei-like DNA glycosylases (NEIL1/2) was studied. It is a component of paints, paint removers, and clothes marking inks. Additionally, it is utilized as a shoe and stove polisher.

Commercially, aniline is made by either ammonia reacting with chlorobenzene or catalyzing the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. Iron borings dissolved in aqueous acid are another method for reducing nitrobenzene

pKa+pKb= pKw

Kb= 4.6×10⁻¹⁰

pKa=14-(-log4.6ₓ10⁻¹⁰)

=4.66

pH=1/2pKa-1/2logc(c=0.233)

=4.66/2+0.63/2(logc= -0.63)

pH= 2.64

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The basic formula says: Speed= Distance/Time . From this formula, it is evident that speed is directly proportional to distance and inversely proportional to time.

What is speed?

In everyday use and kinematics, the velocity of an object (commonly denoted by v) is the rate of change of position over time, or the rate of change of position per unit time. Therefore it is a scalar quantity. Average velocity of an object within a time interval is the distance traveled by the object divided by the duration of the interval Instantaneous velocity is the limit of average velocity when the duration of the time interval approaches zero. Velocity is not the same as speed.

The basic formula says: Speed= Distance/Time . From this formula, it is evident that speed is directly proportional to distance and inversely proportional to time.

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The three steps of enzymes are catalyzed. The primary steps of an enzyme-catalyzed response are: substrate and enzyme combine, forming an E-S complex.

The response then occurs, changing the substrate into merchandise and forming an enzyme merchandise complicated. The merchandise then go away the energetic site of the enzyme. The first step of an enzyme catalyzed response is catalytic turnover the binding of substrate via way of means of the enzyme the discharge of product dissociation of the ES complicated ES -> E + P. An enzyme-catalyzed response may be more or less divided into 3 stages: enzyme-substrate binding, "catalysis" and product release.

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Automobiles and trucks pollute the air with NO. At 2000.0°C, Kc for the reaction At 2000.0°C Kc = 4.100 × 10–4 and H° = 180.6 kJ.  3.3396 * 10⁻³⁰ is the value of Kc at 39.00°C.

When atoms establish or break chemical bonds, chemical processes take place. Reactants are the substances that begin a chemical reaction, while products are the compounds that are created as a result of the reaction.

In a chemical reaction, reactants undergo a chemical reaction and transform into products through a chemical process. For instance, when humans breathe in oxygen, it combines with glucose to create carbon dioxide, water, and energy. The response is provided below. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy.

ln ( K₂ / K1 ) = ( 1 / T1 - 1 / T₂)

K₂ is rate constant at temperture T₂

K₁ is rate constant at temperature T₁

K₁ = 4.100 × 10–4

T₂ = 321 K

ΔH = 180.6 kJ

R = 8.314 mole ⁻¹

Ln ( K₂ /  4.100 × 10–4 ) = 180.6 * 10 ³ / 8.314 ( 1 / 2273 - 1 / 312 )

=  - 60.066

K₂ = 3.3396 * 10⁻³⁰

Thus,  3.3396 * 10⁻³⁰ is the value of Kc at 39.00°C.

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The Kc value for the reaction at 39 degree celsius can be determined using the Clausius - Clapeyron equation. The Kc value is obtained to be 2.3 × 10⁻⁴.

The Clausius -Clapeyron equation is used find the reaction constant at two different temperatures using the expression written below:

[tex]\rm ln \frac{K _{2}}{K_{1}} =\frac{ H^{0} }{R} [\frac{1}{T_{1}} -\frac{1}{T_{2}} ][/tex]

Where, R is the universal gas constant, H be the enthalpy of the reaction.

Given that T1 = 39 °C

T2 = 2000 °C

H° = 180.6 kJ.

K2 = 4.1 × 10⁻⁴.

Then ln ( 4.1 × 10⁻⁴/ K1) = 180.6 kJ/ 8.314 J/°C [1/39 - 1/2000]

K1 = 2.3 × 10⁻⁴.

Therefore, the Kc value at a temperature of 39 degree Celsius is  2.3 × 10⁻⁴.

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The α‑ketoacid or the α‑ carboxylic acid are the organic compounds that are the characterize the presence of a keto group at the position of α- in carboxylic acid functional group.

The common name of the α‑ketoacid resulting from the transamination of each amino acid is given as follows :

1) alanine + α‑ketoglutarate --->  pyruvate

2) aspartate + α‑ketoglutarate ----> oxaloacetate

3) glutamate + α‑ketoglutarate  ----->  α‑ketoglutarate

4) phenylalanine  + α‑ketoglutarate ------>   phenylpyruvate

5) tyrosine  + α‑ketoglutarate  ----->  p - hydroxyphenyl pyruvate

The amino acids are the organic compounds which contain both the groups the amino acid and the carboxylic acid groups.

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A side chain of aspartate next to a side chain of glutamate inside a hydrophobic pocket.

Hydrophobic substances are composed of non-polar molecules that repel bodies of water and attract other neutral molecules and non-polar solvents. Examples of these molecules are alkanes, oils and fats in general.

These two properties of water, namely its polarity and its ability to form strong hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules is what leads to the hydrophobic interactions. Due to the polarity of water, water can dissolve other polar molecules because it can readily form hydrogen bonds with them

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The mass of precipitate that should form if 7.79 g of silver nitrate in solution is reacted with excess sodium sulfide solution is 7.98 g.

A precipitate is an insoluble substance formed at the end of a chemical reaction that involves the reaction between two soluble substances.

The precipitate comes out of the solution and settles at the bottom of the reaction vessel such as a test tube.

The equation of the precipitation is given below:

2 AgNO₃ (s) + Na₂S (aq) ---> Ag₂S (s) + 2 NaNO₃ (aq)

The molar mass of AgNO₃ is 170 g

The molar mass of Ag₂S is 246 g/mol

2 * 170 g of AgNO₃ produces 246 g of Ag₂S

7.79 g of AgNO₃ will produces7.79 * 246/240 = 7.98 g of Ag₂S precipitate.

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There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combination reaction, double displacement reaction, nucleophilic substitution reaction etc. Therefore, the product formed is 2-ethyl-butan-2-ol and 3 methyl- pentan-2-ol respectively.

One nucleophile substitutes another in a family of organic reactions known as nucleophilic substitution reactions.

SN1 is a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Leaving group, a nucleophile, electrophile and a solvent are present. Two types of enantiomers can be formed in the reaction depending on the preference of the nucleophile. The first step is the slowest because a bond is being broken to form carbocation. The product is 2-ethyl-butan-2-ol. If attack is via SN2 then the product formed is 3 methyl- pentan-2-ol.

Therefore, the product formed is  2-ethyl-butan-2-ol and 3 methyl- pentan-2-ol respectively.

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Pyruvate undergoes fermentation, which transforms it into lactic acid inside the absence of oxygen.

The breakdown of the drug occurs throughout this process. similar to how pyruvate is converted into lactic acid.

An organic acid contains lactic acid. Its chemical formula is CH 3CH(OH)COOH.

It serves as a synthesis precursor inside a number of biochemical as well as molecular synthesis industries.

The final result of the glycolysis pathway, pyruvate, is transformed into lactic acid inside the lack of oxygen.

Glycolysis

The process through which glucose gets broken down to provide energy is known as glycolysis.

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In addition to exposing groups to weather transition risks, Scope 3 emissions can doubtlessly enhance prices inside a firm's fee chain, undermining profitability and, ultimately, marketplace performance.

Scope 3 emissions are among the finest quantity of emissions that groups produce indirectly, so it is going to be vital for manufacturers to attain their sustainability goals, with the blessings to wider society of a greener enterprise environment. These also are oblique emissions – which means the ones now no longer produced with the aid of using the organization itself – however they fluctuate from Scope 2 as they cowl the ones produced with the aid of using clients the use of the organization's merchandise or the ones produced with the aid of using providers making merchandise that the organization uses.

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Here is a Lewis structure for the ether [tex]C_2H_5OC_2H_5[/tex]:

C

|

H-C-H

|

O-C-H

|

H-C-H

|

H

Each carbon atom has four valence electrons and each hydrogen atom has one valence electron. The oxygen atom has six valence electrons. In the Lewis structure, the valence electrons are represented as dots and the chemical bonds between atoms are represented as lines. The Lewis structure shows that there are two C-H bonds and one C-O bond in the ether molecule.

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