Why does metal reactivity decrease from left to right?

According to the electronic configuration and shielding effect along a group barium  requires the least amount of energy to give up an electron when forming chemical bonds.

Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons which are present in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.It describes how each electron moves independently in an orbital.

Knowledge of electronic configuration is necessary for understanding the structure of periodic table.It helps in understanding the chemical properties of elements.

Learn more about electronic configuration,here:

https://brainly.com/question/29757010

#SPJ1

Answer:

A. Barium

Explanation:

The higher the metallic character, the less energy needed to give up an electron.

The metallic character is higher in the higher period numbers and in the lower group numbers. Out of all the elements listed, Barium would require the least amount of energy.

According to the given statement a) 39.367kJ  heat is required AND b) 62.3kJ heat is required.

One mole of a chemical is equal to 6.022 x 1023 particles (or formula units) (ionic compound). The molar mass of a reagent is the amount of 1 mole of that chemical. In put it another way, it gives you the amount of grams per molecule of a material.

Heat required to convert 42.0 g of ethanol at 35 °C to the vapor phase at 78 °C can be calculated by;

H = mcθ + mL

m = mass of ethanol

c = specific heat capacity of ethanol

θ = temperature change

L = Latent heat of vaporization of ethanol

Adding  values;

H = (42 × 2.3 × (78 - 35)) + (42/46 × 38.56 × 10^3)

H = 4154 + 35207

H = 39.367 kJ

b) Heat required to convert the same amount of ethanol at - 155°C to the vapor phase at 78 °C;

H = mLfus + mcθ + mLvap

H =  (42/46 ×  5.02 × 10^3) +  (42 × 2.3 × 78 - (- 155)) + (42/46 × 38.56 × 10^3)

H = 4583 + 22508 + 35207

H = 62.3 kJ

To know more about Molar mass visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12127540            

#SPJ4

the amount of bromoethane (in milli- liters) that are used in this reaction is 74.13ml.

Mol wt of P-Acetamido phenol = 151.16. Mol wt of  Bromoethane  = 108.97. Mol wt of  Acetophenetidin (product) = 179.22. Paraacetamido phenol, mol wt=151.16. Bromoethane= 108.97. By the law of mass action, 151.16 g P-Acetamido phenol will react 108.97g Bromoethane to get 179.22 g Acetophenetidin (product) and 80.91 g Hydrobromic acid as a bye product. Since the density of Bromoethane = 1.47g/cc, the quantity of Bromoethane in milliliters = 108.97/1.47 = 74.13 ml. Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a form of carbon that has been processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions.  Activated carbon is used for a wide range of industrial and environmental applications, including purifying air and water, removing impurities from liquids and gases, and recovering valuable chemicals. In the laboratory, activated carbon is commonly used to purify organic compounds, remove dissolved gases from liquids, and purify water.

Learn more about chemical reactions here:

https://brainly.com/question/29762834

#SPJ4

a weak acid. The Ka (acid dissociation constant) is a measure of the strength of an hydrofluoric acid in solution. It is defined as the equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction of the acid in water,.

which is usually written as:

HA + H2O → H3O+ + A-

A lower Ka value indicates that the acid is a weak acid, meaning that it does not dissociate very well in water and thus has a low concentration of H3O+ ions. A higher Ka value indicates that the hydrofluoric acid is a strong acid, meaning that it dissociates very well in water and thus has a high concentration of H3O+ ions. Given that the Ka for hydrofluoric acid is 7.2 x 10-4, this means that hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid. This means that it does not dissociate very well in water and thus has a low concentration of H3O+ ions. It is a weaker acid than the strong acids like Hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid, Nitric acid and many others.

Learn more about Ka here:

https://brainly.com/question/1417688

#SPJ4

The final molarity of bromide anion in the solution when of sodium bromide is dissolved in of a aqueous solution of silver nitrate is 0.59M

Given the mass of sodium bromide  (m) = 15.3g

Volume of aqueous solution of silver nitrate (V) = 250ml = 0.25L

Concentration of solution of silver nitrate (M1) = 0.40M

Let the final molarity of sodium bromide = M2

The volume of solution does not change when when sodium bromide is dissolved in it.

The aqueous solution of silver nitrate contains AgNO₃ ⇆ Ag⁺ +NO₃

Sodium bromide is dissociated as: NaBr ⇄ Na⁺ + Br ⁻

If we know the molecular weight of NaBr, we can directly calculate the ultimate molarity of the bromide ion (Br) from the molarity of NaBr by using the formula:

NaBr has a molecular weight of 102.89 g/mol.

So, M2 = (m/V) x 1mol of NaBr/Molec weight

= (15.3/0.25 )x 1 mol of NaBr/102.89 = 0.59mol/L = 0.59M

Hence the final molarity of bromide anion in the solution is 0.59M.

To learn more about sodium bromide click here https://brainly.com/question/15409724

#SPJ4

complete question: Suppose 15.3g of sodium bromide is dissolved in 250.mL of a 0.40 M aqueous solution of silver nitrate. Calculate the final molarity of bromide anion in the solution. You can assume the volume of the solution doesn't change when the sodium bromide is dissolved in it.

The energy is produced due to the process of beak down in the chemical process or reaction.

That energy is stored in the bonds of the chemical compounds which include molecules and atoms. The point is released in the chemical reaction and the most power produces heat as a by-product, known as an exothermic reaction.

Energy may be released in a chemical reaction in the form of heat; that reaction is called exothermic. Reactions that require an input of heat to proceed may store some of that energy as chemical energy in newly formed bonds.

So we can conclude that  Energy defined as the capacity to supply heat or do work is known as energy.

Learn more about Energy here: https://brainly.com/question/13881533

#SPJ1

Helium: The new volume of the balloon is 0.6182 L.

Colorless, odourless , tasteless, inert, non-toxic helium is a monatomic gas. It is the lightest element in the periodic table and the second most abundant element in the universe.

The new volume of the balloon can be calculated using the ideal gas law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is the n represents the number cubic moles of gas, V represents the volume, R is the real gases constant, and the temperature is T.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of helium in the balloon after the additional 0.670 grams have been added:
n = 0.670 g He/4.003 g/mol = 0.167 mol

The total number of moles in the balloon is now 0.267 mol. We can use the ideal gas law to calculate the new volume:

V = (0.267 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/K·mol)(273 K)/1 atm = 0.6182 L

To learn more about Helium
https://brainly.com/question/24402295
#SPJ4

NaN3→ Na + 32N2 1 mole of sodium azide gives 32 moles of N2

37 gallons

The amount of nitrogen gas produced by a handful (130 grammes) of sodium azide is 67 litres, which is sufficient to inflate a typical air bag. An air bag can be inflated in as little as 0.03 SECOND. There is another chemistry at play.

Even though we don't typically link chemistry with cars, a lot of chemistry happens in a functioning car, such as the chemical processes that take place in the battery to produce electricity and the burning of gasoline to power the engine. Another reaction includes the air bag, which is one that most drivers would much rather not experience firsthand.

Instead of using compressed gas, air bags are inflated using the byproducts of a chemical reaction. Sodium azide, often known as NaN3, is the principal chemical involved in the air bag reaction

To be learn more about reaction refer to:

https://brainly.com/question/28984750?referrer=searchResults

#SPJ1

The rate constant at 65 C is k65= 4.8 x 10^-5 s^-1 .Below is the explanation for the answer

To find the rate constant at a different temperature, you can use the Arrhenius equation, which relates the rate constant to the activation energy and the temperature. The equation is:

k = A * e^(-Ea/RT)

where
k is the rate constant,
A is the pre-exponential factor (also known as the frequency factor),
Ea is the activation energy,
R is the universal gas constant,
T is the absolute temperature.

We are given that the activation energy is 83.5 kJ/mol and the rate constant at 45 C is 3.54 x 10^-5 s^-1. To find the rate constant at 65 C, we can substitute these values into the equation and solve for k.

k = A * e^(-Ea/RT)
k = 3.54 x 10^-5 s^-1 * e^(-(83.5 kJ/mol) / (8.314 J/mol*K * (45 + 273.15 K))

However, A is a constant that we don't know. To find the rate constant at 65 C, we can use the fact that the rate constant is proportional to the temperature. Therefore, we can find the ratio of the rate constants at 65 C and 45 C, then multiply it by the rate constant at 45 C to find the rate constant at 65 C.

k65/k45 = (T2/T1)^n
where
k65 is the rate constant at 65 C
k45 is the rate constant at 45 C
T2 is the temperature in Kelvin (65 + 273.15)
T1 is the temperature in Kelvin (45 + 273.15)
n is the order of the reaction, which is 1 in this case

we can find the rate constant at 65 C is:
k65 = k45 (T2/T1)^n
k65 = 3.54 x 10^-5 s^-1 * ( (65 + 273.15) / (45 + 273.15) )^1

k65= 4.8 x 10^-5 s^-1

Learn more about Rate Constant here: brainly.com/question/14977272

#SPJ4

The mole is the fundamental unit of substance quantity in the SI. 0.041143797572516 moles make up 1 gram of magnesium. The grams to moles formula Use the grams to moles formula to calculate the number of moles, n, of a substance with a given mass, m, (in grams) accurately. n = m / M.

Depending on the substance, yes. As a reminder, a mole is equal to 6.02 1023 atoms and is used to measure quantities. Therefore, it stands to reason that lead and hydrogen would weigh differently. Less moles would be required because it would take a lot fewer lead atoms to make up 1 gram. However, one hydrogen atom has far less mass than one lead atom, therefore more atoms (and moles) would be required to create one gram.

Learn more about moles here:

https://brainly.com/question/14592151

#SPJ4

30% of the original amount of mixture evaporated during the 10-day period.

In order to determine the percentage of the original amount of mixture that evaporated during the 10-day period, we need to first determine how much water and how much liquid chemical were present in the beaker initially.

Given that the ratio of water to liquid chemical is 3:5, we can assume that the total number of parts is 8 (3+5).

So, the original amount of water is 3 parts / 8 parts = 0.375

And the original amount of liquid chemical is 5 parts / 8 parts = 0.625

We can then use this information to determine how much of each substance evaporated each day:

2% of 40 L of water = 0.02 x 40 L = 0.8 L

5% of 40 L of liquid chemical = 0.05 x 40 L = 2 L

We can then add up the total amount of each substance that evaporated over the 10 days to find the total amount that evaporated from the beaker:

0.8 L of water evaporated/day x 10 days = 8 L

2 L of liquid chemical evaporated/day x 10 days = 20 L

Finally, we can add up the total amount of each substance that evaporated and divide by the total amount of the original mixture to find the percentage of the original amount that evaporated:

(8 L + 20 L) / (40 L + 40 L) = 0.3 or 30%

So 30% of the original amount of mixture evaporated during the 10-day period.

Learn similar problems here: https://brainly.com/question/14919501

#SPJ4

A) Sodium is the element that will produce a new compound when added to a beaker containing an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate ().

When sodium is added to an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate, a new compound is formed.

This reaction is known as a displacement reaction and occurs when the sodium ions take the place of the copper ions in the solution.

As the sodium ions bond with the sulfate ions, they form sodium sulfate and free copper ions, which can then be extracted from the solution. This reaction is a great example of how chemical reactions can produce new compounds and materials.

This chemical reaction illustrates how certain substances can interact to create new substances with different properties.

Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:

Which element will produce a new compound when added to a beaker containing an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate ()?

a) Sodium

b) Berrylium

c) Manganese

d) none of the above

To learn more about sodium, click here;

https://brainly.com/question/25597694

#SPJ4

There are 7 neutrons in an atom of nitrogen-14.

Nitrogen-14 is primarily an isotope of nitrogen, as is well known. We can also describe it as a neutral atom. Additionally, various isotopes typically have a variable ratio of neutrons to protons.

As is common knowledge, an atom's atomic number represents the total number of protons that make up its nucleus. We are informed that nitrogen has a mass number of 14, and we are also aware that nitrogen has an atomic number of 7.

It is discovered that the atomic number and the number of protons are same. This demonstrates that the nucleus of any atom that is an isotope of nitrogen will in general have seven protons.

Additionally, the number of electrons equals the amount of protons. The number of electrons will therefore be 7, we can say. We shall now determine how many neutrons are there. As is well known, mass is equal to the sum of the protons and neutrons. As a result, there will be = 14 - 7 = 7 neutrons.

As a result, we may say that nitrogen-14 has 7 electrons, 7 protons, and 7 neutrons and that it is neither an anion nor a cation. It's an impartial atom.

Learn more about neutron at https://brainly.com/question/29248303

#SPJ4

Answer: K

Explanation: as we move down the group new shells are added and this increases the distance between the outermost electron and the nucleus.

Note that statement best explains what is shown in the above-tabularized data is: "The beautyberry increases its chances of reproduction because its berries do not all become ripe at the same time. (Option D)

The statistics in the above table appear to reflect the ripening of berries and the number of blossoms of a plant, presumably called beautyberry. It can be noticed that the amount of ripe berries and blossoms varies each month.

This implies that the beautyberry does not produce all of its berries at once, but rather over the course of several months. This might boost the odds of reproduction by providing a food supply for animals and birds for a longer length of time.

Learn more about reproduction:
https://brainly.com/question/7464705
#SPJ1

It is false that the broad bands or regions located around the nucleus where the electrons are found are called energy rings.

The nucleus is the centre of an atom. Protons and neutrons are particles that make up the nucleus. Shells of electrons rotate around the nucleus. The atom is made up of a small nucleus surrounded by electrons that move. The nucleus includes protons, with a positive charge equivalent to the negative charge of an electron. Neutrons, which have almost the same mass but still no charge as protons, may also be found in the nucleus.

The nuclear powerful force extends long enough from each baryon to bind protons and neutrons together while repelling the repelling electrical force between positively charged protons. The nuclear force acting has a relatively narrow range and practically vanishes just beyond the nucleus's border.

To know more about the Electrons,  here

https://brainly.com/question/3503522

#SPJ4

A fossil that has 6.25% of its carbon atoms is still unstable.

Carbon-14 dating is a method of determining the age of organic material. Measures the amount of carbon-14 (a radioactive isotope of carbon) present in the sample. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. This means that after 5,730 years, half of the carbon-14 atoms in the sample have decayed to nitrogen.

If 6.25% of the fossil carbon atoms are unstable, this means that 93.75% of the carbon-14 atoms in the sample have already decayed. To determine the age of a fossil, the following formula can be used:

Age = (half-life x ln(1-(fraction of decayed carbon-14/100))) / ln(2)

Age = ( 5,730 x ln(1 - (93.75/100))) / ln(2)

age = 11,460 years old

c. A fossil in which 75% of the atoms are STABLE.

If 75% of the fossil atoms are STABLE, this means that 25% of the carbon-14 atoms in the sample have decayed. The same formula as above can be used to determine the fossil age. 75 )) / ln(2)

Age = 23,120 years

Please note that these are approximate values, as the actual age of the fossils may be affected by various factors such as contamination, preservation, and measurement error.

Learn more about Radiocarbon dating and Archaeology here: https://brainly.com/question/20847687

#SPJ4

Propane gas (C3H8) is ignited. Type of reaction combustion ignition.

[tex]C_3H_8(g)+5O_2(g) < = > 3CO_2(g)+4H_2O(l)[/tex] Balanced chemical equation.

A chemical equation is said to be balanced if the quantity of each type of atom in the reaction is the same on both the reactant and product sides. In a balanced chemical equation, the mass and the change are both equal.

The parent chain is the longest chain of carbon atoms that contains the double bond. Its name has the same stem as an alkane with the same number of carbon atoms, but it is designated as an alkene by adding the suffix -ene. Propene is the resultant chemical, CH2=CHCH3.

In accordance with the Law of Conservation of Mass, mass cannot be generated or destroyed in a chemical reaction. A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of each element on the left and right sides of the reaction.

To know more about chemical reaction visit:

https://brainly.com/question/11231920

#SPJ4

Answer:

To calculate the percent of copper in copper oxide, you would need to know the mass of copper in the compound and the mass of the compound itself. Once you have this information, you would divide the mass of copper by the mass of the compound and multiply by 100 to express the result as a percentage.

Example:

If the mass of copper in copper oxide is 40 grams and the mass of the compound is 100 grams, the percent of copper in the compound would be:

(40/100) * 100 = 40%

It should be noticed that this is an example, I don't have access to the chemical analysis of your copper oxide.

Explanation:

It is critical to develop a PheDH with specificity and high activity since it is crucial for the manufacture of chiral pharmacological intermediates and the detection of phenylketonuria.

Here, a PheDH gene, pdh, was discovered that encodes a novel BhPheDH with 61.0% similarity to the previously identified PheDH from Microbacterium sp. In comparison to the PheDH from Nocardia sp., the BhPheDH demonstrated superior stability in hot environments (40–70°C) and optimal activity at 60°C and pH 7.0. Additionally, sodium salt has the potential to greatly boost both its activity and thermostability. The residual activity of the BhPheDH was found to be 1.8-fold higher than that of the control group following incubation for 2 hours in 3 M NaCl at 60 °C (without NaCl).

Learn more about Optimal here-

https://brainly.com/question/26866930

#SPJ4

Human population growth will Double time and that will be 41.17 years

Human growth can be defined as;

The growth and development are positively influenced by factors, like parental health and genetic composition.

Population growth is the increase in the number of humans on Earth.

Human population has grown exponentially over the past century. It has done so largely by producing large amounts of food, and learning how to control disease.

We can find what year the human population would double using the rule of 70. This is given as;

Double time = 70 / rate(r)

Double time = ?

Rate = 1.7%

Inserting into the equation;

Double time = 70 / 1.7

Double time =41.17 years

To look more about population growth click here

brainly.com/question/18415071

#SPJ4

The empirical formula of this compound is Ca3(PO4)2.

What is an Empirical formula?

An empirical formula is a type of chemical formula that shows the simplest ratio of atoms in a molecule, rather than the total number of atoms. It is the simplest possible chemical formula that shows the relative numbers of each type of atom in a molecule.

The molecular formula is Ca3(PO4)2•H2O, which indicates that the compound is composed of three calcium atoms, two phosphate atoms, and two water molecules. The molar mass of this compound is 1004 g/mol, which is two times the molar mass of the empirical formula (502 g/mol). Therefore, the molecular formula of this compound is Ca3(PO4)2•H2O.

To know more about empirical formula,

https://brainly.com/question/13058832

#SPJ4

Ethylene C2H2 , ascorbic acid formula C₆H₈O₆, naphthalene Chemical formula C₁₀H₈.

The relative ratios of the various atoms in a compound are given by an empirical formula. The ratios are still valid at the molar level. H 2 O is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Similar to this, 1.0 mole of H2O is made up of 1.0 mole of oxygen and 2.0 moles of hydrogen.

Originally known as hexuronic acid, ascorbic acid is an organic molecule having the formula C 6H 8O 6. Although impure samples may appear yellowish, it is a white solid. Water readily dissolves it, resulting in moderately acidic solutions. It is a gentle reducer.

There are two enantiomers (mirror-image isomers) of ascorbic acid, generally referred to as "l" (for "levo") and "d." (for "dextro"). The most prevalent isomer is the l one, which is a naturally occurring form of vitamin C (also known as a "vitamer") and is necessary for both humans and many other animals to survive. Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency and used to be a serious condition affecting sailors on lengthy sea trips. Due to its antioxidant qualities, it is utilized as a nutritional supplement and food additive.

Learn more about ascorbic acid: https://brainly.com/question/27670823

#SPJ1

The amount of heat released when 75 g of CH4O reacts is -1705.64 kJ.

The equation given is the balanced equation for the combustion of methanol (CH4O) with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H20). The value of ΔΗ given (-726 kJ) is the enthalpy change for the reaction, which represents the amount of heat released or absorbed when the reaction occurs.

To calculate the amount of heat released when 75 g of CH4O reacts, we need to use the equation: q = n x ΔΗ where,

We know that the molar mass of CH4O is 32.04 g/mol, so we can convert 75 g to moles using the following formula: n = m/M where,

So, n = 75 / 32.04 = 2.34 moles

Using this value of n in the equation above, we can calculate the heat released as q = 2.34 x -726 = -1705.64 kJ

Therefore, -1705.64 kJ of heat is released when 75 g of CH4O reacts.

Learn more about Enthalpy here:

https://brainly.com/question/16985375

#SPJ4

In the modern periodic table, reactivity increases when moving from left to right in the third period because metallic character decreases along a period.

The elements in the modern periodic table are arranged in  7 periods and 18 groups in a certain manner such that along a period , the metallic character of the element decreases and non-metallic character increases while on moving from top to bottom in a group, the metallic character increases and non-metallic character decreases.

The metallic character of elements depends upon its ability to lose electrons. Along a group, the size of atom increases and gradually the nuclear pull decreases so they can readily lose electrons but across a period, atomic size decreases and nuclear pull increases so they cannot lose electrons easily.

To know more about reactivity of elements here

https://brainly.com/question/22081633

#SPJ4

Statement about isomers which is true is that isomers have the same chemical formula, but different structures.

Chemical  formula is a way of representing the number of atoms present in a compound or molecule.It is written with the help of symbols  of elements. It also makes use of brackets and subscripts.

It is not the same as structural formula and does not have any information regarding structure.It does not provide any information regarding structure of molecule as obtained in structural formula.

There are four types of chemical formula:

1)empirical formula

2) structural formula

3)condensed formula

4)molecular formula

Learn more about chemical formula,here:

https://brainly.com/question/29031056

#SPJ1

Answer:

The net ionic equation of the given reaction is:

Mg (s) + 2 H⁺ (aq) → Mg²⁺ (s) + H2 (g)

Explanation:

When magnesium metal (Mg) is treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl), then it displaces the hydrogen gas from the acid

.- Magnesium gets attached with the chlorine and hydrogen gas is evolved as a product in the reaction.

- We have not mentioned chlorine in the reaction as it is not undergoing any change during the reaction.

Answer:

SnO2+2H2 - Sn +2H2O

50g of tin plus 32g of oxygen-36g of H2O

82g- 36g

57.6g- x

cross multiply

82xg= 2073.6g

xg = 2073.6/82

Xg= 25.28g

Therefore the mass of water consumed in the reaction is 25.28g

Cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5.20 years, which means that half the sample will be present after that time.

The chemical element cobalt has the atomic number 27 and the symbol Co. It is a naturally occurring hard, glossy, silver-gray metal that is found in rocks and soils. Cobalt is magnetic when it is pure, and it can be used to make alloys, magnets, and colours. Additionally, it is employed in the manufacture of batteries, catalysis, and pharmaceuticals. The production of vitamins and proteins depends on cobalt, a trace mineral that is crucial for maintaining human health.

After 7.55 years, about 0.78 of the original 1.000 mg sample will remain.
Therefore, 0.78 x 1.000 mg = 0.780 mg will remain after 7.55 years.

To learn more about Cobalt
https://brainly.com/question/15609461
#SPJ4

Answer:  yes

Explanation:

Chemical potential energy is energy stored in a substance because of its composition.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Chemical Potential Energy Energy is the capacity for doing work or supplying heat. When you fill your car with gasoline, you are providing it with potential energy. Chemical potential energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance.