When the ATP synthase molecules are open, the hydrogen ions move out of
the thylakoid. How does the cell use the kinetic energy of the moving ions?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

the cell uses the kinetic energy of the moving ions by cleating throughout the origin.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Answer:

To combine ADP with a phosphate group to produce ATP

Explanation:

During electron transport, energy is used.


Related Questions

What is natural selection and how does it drive the evolution of a virus?

Answers

Viruses undergo evolution and natural selection, just like cell-based life, and most of them evolve rapidly. When two viruses infect a cell at the same time, they may swap genetic material to make new, mixed viruses with unique properties. For example, flu strains can arise this way.

Here can you help me on this?

Answers

Answer:

Selective breeding

Selective breeding is when u choose 2 organisms with certain desirable characteristics and bread then together

Animals are selectively bread 4 many reasons

- To have a higher yield (meat, milk, eggs)

- Be able to run faster

NAME all the steps of Photosynthesis. What is Produced in Each Step? What are the Reactants Used in each step? What is the Final Product?

Answers

Answer:

1.The light-dependent reactions;

The light-independent reactions, or Calvin Cycle

2.Cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP. The stages of cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

3.In production, a final product, or finished product is a product that is ready for sale. For example, oil is the final product of an oil company. The farmer sells his vegetables as his final product, after they have been through the whole process of growth.

Explanation:

Assume that S. typhi immediately enters the bloodstream from the small intestine. Of the following, which would be the first major organ that bloodborne S. typhi would encounter?
A. Stomach.
B. Pancreas.
C. Large intestine.
D. Liver.

Answers

Answer:

D. Liver.

Explanation:

Blood from the small intestine is taken to the liver. For this reason, we can state that if S. typhi enters the bloodstream through the small intestine, the first organ it would affect would be the liver.

The liver receives blood from the small intestine to be able to remove all toxins or useless substances from this blood and regulate how the distribution of nutrients contained in the blood will be to other parts of the body.

difference between enzyme and inorganic catalysts​

Answers

Answer:

Enzymes catalyze a reaction which in presence of a catalyst proceeds the reaction faster. Inorganic catalysts promote a chemical reaction between many different reactants. Enzymes are proteinaceous in nature whereas inorganic catalysts are not proteinaceous in nature.

Explanation:

WILL GIVE BRAINLIST TO CORRECT ANSWER
Two of the three points of the cell theory are listed below.
• All new cells come from preexisting ones.
• Cells are the basic units of life.
Which of the following is the third point of the cell theory?
O A. All living cells are surrounded by a rigid cell wall.
O B. All living things have many cells.
O C. All living cells have a nucleus.
D. All living things are made of at least one cell.

Answers

Answer:

All living things have a nucleus.

Explanation:

Answer:

All living things have a nucleus.

Explanation:

Ape-x

what does a greenhouse represent?​

Answers

Answer:

The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is one of the things that makes Earth a comfortable place to live.

A green house is what people use to put plants, vegetables etc there, It occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is one of the things that makes Earth a comfortable place to live. If you take a look at the pic it shows exactly what it does.

Many scientists claim that the facts support the belief that climate change is really happening. By examining scientific research and evidence, you will better understand issues and cut through the myths. As you read in the unit, it is important to carefully consider evidence because there is a lot of information in the public sphere that looks like science but it is not based on the scientific method. For this activity, you are going to do your own research on global warming and sort out the facts for yourself. Do research online to find evidence about global warming. To find reliable information, be sure that you use reliable websites, such as those from government organizations (.gov) or universities (.edu). You can also look at publications that are reputable, such as Popular Science, Discover, or National Geographic. Find a minimum of three sources that provide evidence about global warming.

Answers

Climate change is strong evidence of global warming. The data maintained by the concerned departments shows that as the graph of global warming rose, adverse changes in the climate occurred.

Therefore, an increase in global warming and change in climate is directly related. The increase in the speed of the melting iceberg can be seen as the temperature or global warming has increased.

What are the effects of climate change?

Climate is a very important factor in the lives of all living organisms, because it is one of the major factors that determine if a living organism is going to survive or not.

Climate change is said to occur when there are changes in the earth's climate system, which result in the formation of new weather patterns that last for a long time.

Climate change affects living organisms in different ways; while climate change is beneficial to some organisms, it is detrimental to some. For instance, in Europe, climate change (increase in temperature) has been found to have positive effects on some bird populations.

Thus, this could be the answer.

To learn more about Climate change click here:

https://brainly.com/question/12346202

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What are fungus like protists

Answers

Answer:

Fungus-like protists are protists that absorb their food from dead organic matter. They are grouped into 2 groups, slime molds and water molds.

Which of these is the beat example of a positive feedback loop in earth’s climate system

Answers

Answer:  B.  as climate warms, CO2 increases because plants remove less of it

Explanation:

In an experimental test of the effects of vitamin B12 on problem-solving performance, _____ is the independent variable and _____ is the dependent variable.

Answers

Answer:

Vitamin C is the independent variable and problem solving performance is the dependent variable.

Explanation:

The independent variable is the variable that can be manipulated or changed to measure its effect. Vitamin C dosage can be changed for difference individuals to see the effect on their problem solving performance.

Dependent variable is the variable on which the effect of independent variable is measure i.e the effect of vitamins C with different dosage will be known or measured base on problem solving performance of an individual.

Therefore ability to solve problems by individual after the intake of vitamin C means its depends on Vitamin C intake.

Which clastic sedimentary rock is made of the smallest grains?

1) Conglomerate
2) sandstone
3) siltstone
4) shale

Answers

Answer:

Shale

Shale has the smallest grain size. Shale is made mostly of clay-sized particles and hardened mud.

Explanation:

thank me later

¿ What is speciation ?

Answers

Mark brainliest please

Speciation, the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution. Speciation involves the splitting of a single evolutionary lineage into two or more genetically independent lineages.

For reference

https://www.britannica.com/science/speciation

In which layer of the atmosphere did the Concorde cruise?

Answers

Answer:

The Concorde aircraft cruised at Mach 2 at about 19,000 m (62,000 ft), and the SR-71 cruised at Mach 3 at 26,000 m (85,000 ft), all within the stratosphere.

Explanation:

Your Welcome:)

Which two organisms in the chart below are most similar in genetic composition?

A and B
A and D
B and C
C and D

Answers

A and d. Pretty sure
A and D are the most similar in genetic composition

witch element are involved in creating genetic matirials

Answers

Answer:

Carbon, Oxygen, hydrogen , Nitrogen , and phosphorus.

Please Fill in the blanks (plato)

Immune responses can be either innate (nonspecific) or adaptive (specific). Suppose a person comes into contact with bacteria that cause a disease that the person has experienced previously. The production of antibodies to fight off the infection is considered an _____ response, while the development of a fever to inhibit bacterial growth is considered an _____ response. (the possible answers to the blanks are "Adaptive" and "Innate")

Answers

Answer:

adaptive; innate

Explanation:

The adaptive immune system refers to a specific type of immunity which is found only in vertebrates. Adaptive immunity is defined by the presence of specialized immune cells (i.e., lymphocytes such as T and B cells). The B cells produce molecules known as antibodies which destroy specific pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses) and thus prevent diseases in the future. On the other hand, the innate immune system is the first (and evolutionary more ancient) defense line against pathogenic infections or tissue injury. Innate immunity includes, among others, physical barriers, anatomical barriers, phagocytic enzymes (i.e., lysozymes), phagocytic cells (i.e., macrophages), inflammation, etc. Inflammation is defined as an innate immune response composed of complex biological processes that protect the body by eliminating harmful microorganisms and intracellular danger signals, thereby regulating signaling pathways of many diseases.

1. Suppose you want to design and build a house. How would you communicate your design plans with the construction crew that would work on the house?
2. Cells build large, complicated molecules, such as proteins. What do you think cells use as their "design plans" for proteins?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -

1. blueprints.

2. cells use DNA as their design plans

Explanation:

Blueprint is a representative drawing of an engineering plan that helps in understanding how and where the desired to construct on the house. It helps in communicating what work should be done in the house. It helps in visualizing how the end product should be.

In cells, the design plan is DNA that encodes all the information in a specific nitrogenous base sequence in order to produce specific functions and produce all the proteins

True or false: the body is made up of only four systems that all work together.

Answers

Answer:

false

Explanation:

There are ten major organ systems in the body, each of which plays a different role in helping the body work.

hy plzzzzz helpp fasttttttttttttrrr​

Answers

Answer:

17. A

18. B (the ability to do work)

19. B

20. A

Which group of elements on the periodic table forms covalent compounds with other nonmetals
Group 1

Group 2

Group 17

Group 18

Answers

grp 17

Explanation:

this should be the new periodic table:) grp 1 and 2 belongs to metal. grp 18 belongs to halogen which have full valence electron thus they are inert/ unreactive. thus the ans is grp 17. grp 17 are halogens which are non metals.

I kneed you know what the answer is

Answers

Pretty sure its Phagocytosis

Why do scientists consider vestigial structures as an evidence for evolution

Answers

Answer:

it so diffcult pls another

Is this right I really need help plzzzzzzzzz

Answers

Yes that is correct
Please consider brainliest
Have a good day!!<3

Why is the action of phagocytes considered a nonspecific response?
It does not occur at any specific temperature.
It is not involved with the production of any specific type of lymphocyte.
It does not respond to any specific type of hormone.
It is not a response to a specific type of pathogen.
I haven't seen any answers here that are correct so I'm sharing this information :)

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "Option D".

Explanation:

The action of phagocytes is deemed a quasi answer because it reacts with any particularity on any harmful substance. It is a mechanism where a cell uses its cell membranes to collect any molecules. Macrophages provide the first layer of defense of our system, a non-specific defense mechanism. Your immune response must handle multiple forms of foreign particles, germs, viruses, or harmful proteins. This failure to respond renders the overall response quicker than that of the specific response.

Answer:

It is D. It is not a response to a specific type of pathogen.

Explanation

what is it called when a seismic wave bends as it passed from liquid to solid

Answers

Answer:

Refraction

Explanation:

The bending of seismic waves is called refraction. The fact that S-waves do not travel through the outer core suggests that the latter is liquid.

Use the Lotka-Volterra competition model to determine whether the two species of Paramecium will coexist or drive each other to extinction in the scenario below. In these examples, N1 = N2, and K1 = K2 = 50.

Scenario 1: Determine the outcome of the competitive interaction between P. caudatum and P. aurelia if K1 = K2 = 50, α = 0.3, and β = 0.6.
Scenario 2: Determine the outcome of the competitive interaction between P. caudatum and P. aurelia if K1 = K2 = 50, α = 1.5, and β = 0.6.
Scenario 3: Determine the outcome of the competitive interaction between P. caudatum and P. aurelia if K1 = K2 = 50, α = 0.9, and β = 1.2.

Answers

Answer:they drive each other to extinction

Explanation:

Transmission electron microscopes that use high-energy electrons accelerated over a range from 40.0 to 100 kV are employed in many applications including the study of biological samples (like a virus) and nanoscience research and development (alloy particles and carbon nanotubes, for example). What would be the spatial limitation (in pm) for this range of electrons

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Using the concept of de Broglie wavelength under relativistic conditions to determine the spatial limits for electron range.

de Broglie wave-length [tex]\lambda = \dfrac{h}{p}[/tex]

where;

h = plank's constant

p = momentum of particle which is expressed as:

[tex]p = \dfrac{\sqrt{k^2+2kmc^2}}{c}[/tex]

replacing the expression for (p) into [tex]\lambda = \dfrac{h}{p}[/tex], we have:

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{h}{\dfrac{\sqrt{k^2 +2kmc^2}}{c}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{hc}{\sqrt{k^2+2kmc^2}} --- (1)[/tex]

here;

c = velocity of light = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

h = 4.13 × 10⁻¹⁵ eV.s

i.e.

hc = (4.13 × 10⁻¹⁵ eV.s)(3 × 10⁸ m/s)

hc = 1240 eV.m

The electron's rest energy (mc²) = 0.511 × 10⁶ eV

For the elctrons;

the minimum accelerated voltage = 40kV

the maximum accelerated voltage = 100 kV

the minimum K.E of the electron K = eΔV

K = e × 40 kV

K = 40 KeV

K = 40 × 10³ eV

From equation (1);

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{hc}{\sqrt{k^2 +2kmc^2}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{1240 \ eV.nm}{\sqrt{(40 \times 10^3 \ eV)^2 +2(40 \times 10^3 \ eV)(0.511 \times 10^6 \ eV})}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{1240 \ eV.nm}{\sqrt{((1600000000) +(80000\times 511000))eV}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{1240 \ eV.nm}{\sqrt{((1600000000) +(40880000000)eV}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{1240 \ eV.nm}{\sqrt{(42480000000) \ eV}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{1240 \ eV.nm}{206106.769 \ eV}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = 0.062 \ nm[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{\lambda = 6.20 \ pm}[/tex]

The maximum K.E of the electron K = eΔV

K = e × 10 kV

K = 10 KeV

K = 100 × 10³ eV

From equation (1);

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{hc}{\sqrt{k^2 +2kmc^2}}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = \dfrac{1240 \ eV.nm}{\sqrt{(100 \times 10^3 \ eV)^2 +2(100 \times 10^3 \ eV)(0.511 \times 10^6 \ eV})}[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = 0.037 \ nm[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{\lambda = 3.70 \ pm}[/tex]

As a result, the spatial limits for the electron's range span from 6.02 pm to 3.70 pm.

How much of the world's population is infected with the tuberculosis bacterium?
A. 1/10
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 1/5
E. 1/20

Answers

Answer:

23% im pretty sure that is the answer if i remember right

Tiny structures inside of cells such as ribosomes or chloroplasts that have specialized roles are called

Answers

Answer:

Organelles

Explanation:

These structures are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and are enclosed with a membrane.

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