When one commercial bank borrows from another commercial bank, it pays the federal funds rate.
Hence, Option A is correct.
What do you mean by federal funds?
The Federal Open Markets Committee (FOMC) determines the federal funds rate, sometimes referred to as the federal funds target rate or the fed funds rate, to regulate overnight lending among U.S. banks. It's defined as a range between an upper and lower boundary. Currently, the federal funds rate ranges from 4.25% to 4.50%.The interest rate that depository institutions, such as banks, savings and loans, and credit unions, charge one another for overnight loans is known as the fed funds rate. The discount rate is the interest rate that Federal Reserve Banks charge to depository institutions for collateralized loans that are typically made overnight.To know more about Federal rate here
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In the context of the strategies that organizations adopt for competing in the international environment, the process of producing products in the domestic marketplace and then selling them in other countries is called importing.
The given statement, the strategies that organizations adopt for competing in the international environment, the process of producing products in the domestic marketplace and then selling them in other countries is called importing, is false.
What is an import?A product or service that was created in another nation but was purchased in one is an import. The two pillars of international trade are imports and exports. A nation's trade balance, commonly referred to as its trade deficit, is negative if the value of its imports exceeds the value of its exports.
The majority of the time, nations will import items or services that the exporting nation's own industry cannot provide as effectively or inexpensively. Additionally, nations may import goods or raw materials that are unavailable within their boundaries. For instance, many nations import oil because they are unable to do so domestically or because there is not a sufficient supply to meet demand.
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In 2010, Freeze Company had credit sales of $900,000 and granted sales discounts of $18,000. On January 1, 2010, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts had a credit balance of $22,500. During 2010, $37,500 of uncollectible accounts receivable were written off. Past experience indicates that 3% of net credit sales become uncollectible. What should be the adjusted balance of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at December 31, 2010
Adjusted balance in Allowance accounts = $ 22500 beg credit balance - $ 37500 written off + ($900000 credit sale x 3%)= 22500 – 37500 + 27000
= $ 12,000.
Credit is the trust that permits one party to lend money or resources to another party, with the second party promising to repay or return those resources at a later period rather than immediately repaying the first party. In other words, credit is a technique of formalising, legally enforcing, and extending reciprocity to a broad number of unconnected persons.
The resources offered may be monetary or in the form of products or services. Credit includes any type of deferred payment. A creditor, also known as a lender, extends credit to a debtor, also known as a borrower.
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a person wants to go into business supplying fuel to nuclear power plants. which resource will he most likely need to acquire in large quantities
Although expensive to develop, nuclear power facilities are comparatively inexpensive to operate. As a source of power, nuclear energy competes with fossil fuels in many locations.
The system cost of bringing supply from any source up to par with real grid demand is another economic factor. The cost of the system is small for dispatchable sources like nuclear power, but it increases for intermittent renewables whose production depends on sporadic inputs from the sun or wind. The system expenses quickly exceed the actual cost of generating electricity from those sources if the fraction of such renewables rises over a nominal percentage of the total. This is modelled in a 2019 OECD Nuclear Energy Agency research, is extremely obvious in Germany, and is a crucial factor in source comparisons beyond the LCOE (see section below on Other costs).
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Do we need life insurance?
Life insurance is not for everyone, it depends on their situation. Example of people who need life insurance are: couples who are not financially independent or new parents. Example of People who might not need life insurance are: a single person or very rich man.
List of people who might need or do not need life insurance:People who do not need life insurance:
- A person who has amassed enough fortune to provide for their family after their death,
- A single person and no one depends on his/her income.
- A person whose children are independent adults
People who might need life insurance:
- Couples who are not financially independent
- A person who is a mortgage holders
- New parents or parents who has little kids
- Those who desire to leave a financial legacy
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Hume is famous for his experiment with radical doubt, which cast suspicion on everything we think we know.
The statement above is true Hume's theory said that passions are impressions rather than ideas and Hume's theory that support about experiment with radical doubt.
Hume's view or also known as Hume's theory in general can be defined as David Hume's simple ideas which are effectively a mold of simple perception: “All our simple ideas in first appearance originate from simple impressions, which correspond to them, and which they properly represent”. David Hume is famous for his radical empiricism, for his naturalistic theory of mind, for the elegance of his prose, for his skepticism of religion, for his critical account of causation.
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Which of the following is not one of the benefits accrued from a centralized purchasing function?
a. leverage purchase volume for better pricing
b. devote more resources to the supplier selection and negotiation process
c. maintain professional control over the purchasing process
d. increase the duplication of tasks
d. increase the duplication of tasks
One way is to complete VA Form 21-438, Statement in Support of Claim, and include a copy of the death certificate with the form.
What should be done with VA benefits after a death?For deaths occurring on or after October 1, 2019, VA will pay up to $796 toward burial and funeral costs (if the deceased was hospitalized by VA at the time of death) or $300 toward burial and funeral costs (if the deceased was not hospitalized by VA at the time of death), as well as a $796 plot-interment allowance (if not buried in a national cemetery).
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how should the entries to a schedule of accounts payable be ordered
a. by date received
b. alphabetically by vendor name
c. by amount due from most to least
d. by date due
The entries in a schedule of accounts payable would be ordered alphabetically by vendors name.
What is the use of a schedule of accounts payable?A schedule of accounts payable is a list of all the vendors in the ledger of accounts payable to whom the business is currently indebted, together with the balances of their current accounts. In other words, the accounts payable schedule is a list of everyone to whom the company owes money in the accounts payable systems in alphabetical order.
There are two key benefits to using the accounts payable schedule. This schedule, first and foremost, enables managers as well as the accounts payable division to keep track of and arrange the vendor accounts that need to be paid. For instance, the majority of manufacturers and retailers purchase inventory and products from other companies.
Cash payments for these transactions are uncommon. Instead, the buying business merely places the acquisition on credit and pays the vendor within 30 days well after purchase. This technology accelerates corporate operations and makes it simpler for enterprises to purchase things.
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Answer: d. by date due
Explanation: I just took the test.
In mid-twelfth century, _________ created a subsistence crisis in Central Asia.
In mid-twelfth century, Climate change created a subsistence crisis in Central Asia.
The drying of the region had a significant impact on the population, leading to food shortages and widespread famine. Additionally, the drought made it difficult to grow crops and herders struggled to find enough pasture for their animals, resulting in increased competition for resources. This led to migrations of people and conflicts between different groups over land and resources. The crisis likely had a major impact on the political and social structure of the region and may have contributed to the decline of the Khwarezmian Empire, which was a major power in Central Asia at the time.
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What are the pros and cons of a mixed economy?
Pros of a Mixed Economy 1. Economic Freedom: A mixed economy allows for both private and public enterprise to operate in an economy, providing individuals with more economic freedom and choice.
2. Economic Efficiency: Government intervention in a mixed economy is typically limited, which allows for a more efficient allocation of resources and production.
3. Stability: A mixed economy provides stability, since both the private and public sector participate in the economic decision-making, avoiding extreme changes in the economic cycle.
4. Innovation: The private sector tends to drive innovation in a mixed economy, leading to higher productivity and economic growth.
Cons of a Mixed Economy
1. Less Predictability: It can be difficult to predict the direction of a mixed economy, since both the public and private sector are involved in making decisions.
2. Inequality: The private sector may produce more wealth, leading to increased inequality and social unrest.
3. Limited Government Control: Government intervention in a mixed economy is limited, which may lead to an inefficient allocation of resources.
4. Market Failure: The private sector may not always act in the best interest of the public, leading to market failure and economic instability.
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While common resources are subject to the problem called _________, public goods are difficult to provide because of _________. Group of answer choices
Public goods are challenging to offer because of non-excludability, whereas common resources are vulnerable to the issue of overuse. The overuse of shared resources is a serious problem.
particularly when there are insufficient social management safeguards in place to protect the primary resource. A common resource also goes by the moniker of the open-access resource. Common resources cannot be disregarded, notwithstanding their competition for utilization. smog-filled roadways and air pollution. Public goods commonly overuse common resources because they are not paid for using them. Public goods are products that are broadly available to all people in a society or community and have two distinctive qualities: they are not exclusive and they are not in a competitive market. They are available for use by anyone, and doing so does not limit their availability.
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credit allowed to a customer for part of the sales price of merchandise that is not returned, resulting in a decrease in the accounts receivable of the merchandising business.
The term "sales allowance" refers to the credit given to a customer for a portion of the sales price of goods that aren't returned, lowering the merchandising company's accounts receivable as a result.
The sales allowance is a what kind of account? The term "sales allowance" refers to the credit given to a customer for a portion of the sales price of goods that aren't returned, lowering the merchandising company's accounts receivable as a result. A sales allowance is a decrease in the price that a seller charges as a result of a flaw in the good or service they are selling, such as a lack of quantity or poor quality, or an erroneous price. As a result, the sales allowance is established after the customer is first billed but before the buyer pays the seller.As a result, sales returns and allowances are regarded as a contra-revenue account, which often has a negative balance.Management can track returns and allowances as a percentage of total sales by recording sales returns and allowances in a separate contra-revenue account.To learn more about sales allowance refer
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As of the year 2000, services accounted for what percentage of total U.S. output? O 25 percent. O 50 percent O 80 percent. O 90 percent.
As of the year 2000, services accounted for 80 percent of total U.S. output.
The US Real GDP currently stands at 20.05T, up over 19.90T in the previous quarter and 19.67T a year earlier. The change from the previous quarter and one year ago is 0.80% and 1.94%, respectively.
According to this ranking for 2021, the USA has by far the greatest economy in the world, with a GDP of 23.32 trillion dollars. With a GDP exceeding 17.73 trillion dollars, China is in second place after the United States. In terms of worldwide comparison, Canada is also well ahead and is currently ranked tenth.
With a nominal GDP of around US$17.7 billion (114.4 trillion yuan) in 2021, it has the second-biggest economy in the world. Since 2016, its purchasing power parity-based GDP has been the greatest in the world (PPP).
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What might be the role of a real estate broker in the event a homeowner seeks to overturn a property appraisal?
A broker could be able to provide accurate evaluations and similar property sales prices. They provide agents for sellers and purchasers with information about the trend in real estate values.
What are some of the functions and duties of your Florida sponsoring broker?is accountable for your activities for at least the first years of your profession, keeps your licence inside the broker's offices, supervises and trains you.
What is a broker's primary responsibility?A broker is a person or business that stands between a prospective buyer as well as a securities exchange. A company's function as a customer's agent when it collects a commission from the customer for its services is sometimes referred to as acting as a broker.
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Alan is an hourly worker who earns $10.50 per hour and is paid overtime for any time over 40 hours per week. During a weekly period, he worked the following hours: Day In Out In Out Monday 7:53 12:04 13:15 17:25 Tuesday 7:42 11:30 12:35 16:45 Wednesday 7:48 12:35 13:28 17:25 Thursday 8:08 12:22 13:45 17:37 Friday 7:35 12:13 13:15 16:42 What is his gross pay for the week using both quarter-hour and hundredth hour methods
Pay per hour = $10.5 i.e., 10.5/4 = $2.625 per quarter-hour, Total Quarter Hour pay = $225.750 + $ 202.125 = $427.88 and 1 hour = $10.5 Total pay as per Hundredth hour = $227.010 + $205.905 = $432.92.
A payment is the voluntary offer of money or its equivalent or of valuable objects by one party to another in return for products or services given by them, or to satisfy a legal obligation. The person making the payment is known as the payer, and the party receiving the money is known as the payee.
Payees are generally free to choose the form of payment they choose, while most regulations require the payer to accept the country's legal cash up to a certain maximum. Unless the parties agree differently, payment is typically made in the payee's native currency.
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Taking into account recent technological developments, what technical advances do you think are possible in the next twenty years
Flying vehicles, mechanical parts for humans,and artificial intelligence are three developments that may possible in the next 20 years.
The Technical advances that may Possible in next twenty years?Many more technologies are based on the foundation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. We wouldn't have made the incredible strides in the Internet of Things, virtual reality, chatbots, facial recognition, robotics, automation, or self-driving cars, to mention a few, without AI, for example.
Gene Technology
Biology's interdisciplinary discipline of genomics focuses on deciphering and modifying the DNA and genomes of living things. A group of technologies known as gene editing makes it possible to use genetic engineering to modify the DNA and genetic makeup of living things.
Human-Computer Interfaces
Wearable technology and human-computer interfaces are created to enhance human performance physically and possibly mentally and to help us live longer,. Fitness tracker bands and smartwatches are two of the most widely used wearables on the market right now. These compact, simple-to-wear gadgets usually monitor our activities and give us information about how to live healthier, better, and more productive lives.
Extended Reality (XR)
Extended reality, or XR for short, refers to the use of technology to produce more immersive digital experiences. It includes virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality.
3D Printing
Additive manufacturing, sometimes referred to as 3D printing, is the process of producing a 3D item layer by layer from a digital file. While gene editing and artificial intelligence may seem like higher-tech advancements, 3D printing has the pot other technological developments includes ,
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning The Internet of Things (IoT)Wearables and augmented humans.Wearables and augmented humans. Intelligent spaces and smart places.Digital twins.To know more about Technical advances that may Possible in next twenty years refer to:
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Employees who keep themselves up to date on company news and continually learn new aspects of their job show _____.
Integrity is demonstrated by staff members who stay current on corporate news and are always learning new facets of their jobs. The correct answer i option (d).
What is most important to employees?An employee is a person hired by an employers to do a certain duty. The salary, number of hours worked, and employment conditions of employees are all at the authority of their employers. A person, company, or other organization that employs employees and pays them for their labor is said to be an employer.
Unsurprisingly, this issue continues to rank among the top priorities for employees. Workers who frequently aren't permitted to use their talents go for positions where they can; those who occasionally gets to do so look for jobs where they can use those skills even more.
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The full question is,
Employees who keep themselves up to date on company news and continually learn new aspects of their job show _____.
A. falsity
B. foolishness
C. presumption
D. integrity
According to Porter, strategy is fundamentally about being _____. A. different B. efficient C. superior D. scalable E. profitable
According to Porter, strategy is fundamentally about being different.
Hence, Option A is correct
Michael Porter, however, describes strategy as a company's "deliberately choosing a different set of activities to deliver a unique mix of value" in order to maintain a competitive position. To put it another way, you must comprehend your rivals and the market you have chosen before you can decide how your company should respond. These forces include potential new market entrants, suppliers, customers, and substitute products that affect a company's profitability. They also include the quantity and strength of a company's competitive rivals.Operational effectiveness, according to Michael Porter, is insufficient because its methods are simple to duplicate, even though it is necessary for superior performance. In contrast, selecting a singular and advantageous position rooted in activity systems that are much more challenging to rival is the essence of strategy.To know more about strategy here
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If a customer has a long margin account with a market value of $12,000, a debit balance of $8,000, and special memorandum account (SMA) of $2,000, how much can the customer withdraw from the account
A) The customer cash's out $1,000 from the account. The Special Memorandum Account, which does not include equity or cash, is referred to as SMA.
The minimum equity will be $5,000, or $25,000, which is 25% of the market value. The minimum maintenance call requirement for the NYSE is 25%. However, the customer only has $4,000 in the margin account, or $16,000. The debit balance is $16,000, while the market value is $20,000). As a result, the account needs an additional $1,000 ($5,000 x $4,000).
An SMA, or special memorandum account, is a credit line that is created when there is an excess of current equity over the current market value of the Registration T requirement. Investors frequently use this acronym. Maintaining purchasing power is its goal.
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Full Question = A customer's margin account has a market value of $20,000, DB of $16,000, and an SMA of $2,000. Based on this account, what would be the NYSE Minimum Maintenance Call?
a. $1,000 cash
b. $1,000 from SMA
c. $5,000 cash
d. $2,000 from SMA
Which of the following is a major reason for the violation of ethics codes?
A. government regulation
B. family influence
C. lack of religious beliefs
D. fear of disciplinary action
E. perceived behavior of top management
Lack of religious beliefs is a major reason for the violation of ethics codes.
Religion has the power to inspire strong ethical motivations and to create high ethical standards. However, ethics cannot be limited to religion and is not the same thing as religion. Following the law isn't the same as being ethical. Most people's ethical ideals are frequently included in the legislation.
Some have contended that religion and spirituality based on religion may encourage immoral behavior. discriminating towards someone who holds different beliefs, for instance. It may even affect hiring procedures and how coworkers are treated at the workplace.
Morals and values are influenced by religion in many different ways. It influences how people perceive the world and act in response to it, encourages routines like going to church and praying, and creates a web of social relationships.
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When buyers will purchase the same amount of a good, even though the price has increased, the demand for that item is .
Demand for an item is inelastic when consumers continue to buy the same volume of it even though the price has increased.
The demand curve is the relationship between price and quantity demand. Demand for a product is affected by a number of factors, including perceived need, price, perceived quality, convenience, available alternatives, customer preferences, and financial resources. How much did the good cost? A good's potential price and the quantities that might be purchased at those prices form the fundamental relationship between supply and demand. A rise in price will typically result in a drop in the quantity demanded because the relationship is frequently antagonistic. This unfavorable link can be seen visually in the consumer demand curve's declining slope.
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During which type of interview would you be expected to create a sample business email? A. One-on-one interview B. Group interview C. Panel interview D. Virtual interview E. Action interview
Virtual interview is where you are expected to create a sample business email.
Hence, Option D is correct
Let's begin by discussing the various interview types. Interviews can be classified as unstructured, semistructured, or structured. You can conduct structured interviews in a variety of ways. You could use computer programs like Sky-pe or videoph-one to conduct them over the phone, in person, or online. Open-ended or closed-ended structured interview questions are both acceptable. Every candidate receives the same set of interview questions during this type of meticulously prepared and standardized interview. A structured interview may also be referred to as a formal interview, planned interview, patterned interview, or standardized interview. Interviews conducted one-on-one are ones that take place face-to-face and only involve the interviewee and one interviewer. These interviews usually follow a fairly straightforward format, and this type of format tends to be moreTo know more about interview here
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Behavior that is performed by an employee "for its own sake" is referred to as
A) extrinsically motivated behavior.
B) an external locus of causality.
C) intrinsically motivated behavior.
D) equity behavior.
Behavior that is performed by an employee "for its own sake" is referred to as intrinsically motivated behavior.
What is an Employee?
An employee is a person who works for a company or organization and is usually paid in exchange for their labor. Employees may be full-time, part-time, temporary, or permanent. They may also work on a contract basis or be self-employed. Employees may be responsible for a variety of tasks depending on their job role, such as customer service, sales, accounting, manufacturing, engineering, or administrative duties.
What is Intrinsically motivated behavior?
Intrinsically motivated behavior is behavior that is driven by internal rewards such as satisfaction, accomplishment, or personal growth. It is behavior that is done for its own sake, out of interest or enjoyment, rather than for an external reward.Examples of intrinsically motivated behavior include learning a new skill, playing a sport for the love of the game, and volunteering for a cause that you are passionate about.
Therefore the correct optio is C. intrinsically motivated behavior.
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A covenant not to compete is enforceable only if it is reasonable in duration and geographic area.
True
False
It is accurate to say that a covenant not to compete is only enforceable if it has a reasonable in duration and geographic area.
In a covenant not to compete, also known as a "noncompete agreement" or "non-compete provision," one party undertakes not to take any actions that might make it more difficult for the other party to do business. This behavior often involves disclosing trade secrets or privileged information obtained while employed by that employer or taking a job with a direct rival of that employer's. An employment agreement or a contract for the sale of a firm frequently contain a covenant not to compete.
A non-compete clause in an employment contract typically restricts the employee's use of resources from the present employer to benefit a new employer.
A non-compete clause, for instance, would bar a consultant from moving her existing clients to a different consulting business.
Alternately, a noncompete agreement can prohibit the consultant from working for another consulting business for a predetermined amount of time after leaving her first employer.
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True or False: The purpose of a marketing strategy is to maximize short-term profits. True false question. True False
The statement "The purpose of a marketing strategy is to maximize short-term profits." is false.
Give a brief account on marketing strategy.A marketing strategy is a long-term plan for achieving business goals by understanding customer wants and creating a measurable, sustainable competitive advantage. It includes everything, from defining who your target audience is to selecting the methods you will use to communicate with them. With the use of a marketing plan, you may specify how your business will position itself in the market, the kinds of items you will develop, the strategic alliances you will create, as well as the media you'll employ for marketing and promotion. Any firm that wants to succeed must have a marketing strategy.
A marketing strategy covers the following points :
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How many types of scarcity are there?
There are two types of scarcity: absolute scarcity and relative scarcity.
Absolute scarcity refers to a situation where there is a finite amount of a resource and it cannot be replenished. This type of scarcity is most often seen in natural resources, such as oil or water.
Relative scarcity, on the other hand, refers to a situation where there is an insufficient amount of a resource relative to the demand for it, and the resource can be replenished.
This type of scarcity is most often seen with economic resources, such as money or labor. In both cases, the scarcity of the resource can lead to higher prices and decreased availability.
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Question 17 (1 point) Farrah borrowed $155 from her brother. She has already paid back $15. She plans to pay back $35 each month until the debt is paid off. Which describes the number of months it will take to pay off the debt
The total number of months needed to pay off the loan is 4.
How do equations work?It is a mathematical assertion that two algebraic expressions have equal symbols.
Calculation:From her brother, Farrah took a loan for $155.
She's already returned $15.
She intends to repay the loan with a monthly payment of $35.
Let 'x' be the period of time needed to pay off the debt.
So, we get an equation,
35x + 15 = 155
The number of months is determined by solving the equation above.⇒ 35x + 15 = 155
⇒ 35x = 155 - 15
⇒ 35x = 140
⇒ x = 4.
It will therefore take four months to pay off the debt.Consequently, the appropriate choices are:
35x + 15 = 155
35x = 155 - 15
It will take 4 months to pay off the debt.
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The following are national income account data for an economy in billions of dollars: personal consumption expenditures $2,460, gross private domestic investment $320, government purchases $470, exports $22, and imports $35. What is GDP for this economy
The GDP for this economy will be $3,237billions at personal consumption expenditures $2,460 and gross private domestic investment $320.
given data;
personal consumption expenditures = $2,460
gross private domestic investment = $320
government purchases = $470
government exports = $22
government imports = $35
the formula for gdp will be:
GDP = G + I + C + (X-M)
= $470 + $320 + $2,460 + ($22-$35)
= $3,250 - $13
=$3,237billions.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total monetary worth, or market value, of all completed products and services produced inside a nation's boundaries over a certain time period. It serves as a thorough assessment of a particular country's economic health as a broad indicator of entire domestic production. Despite being computed on an annual basis in the majority of cases, GDP is also occasionally estimated on a quarterly basis. The government of the United States, for instance, produces an annualised GDP estimate for both the calendar year and each fiscal quarter. Since each piece of data in this report is presented in actual terms, price changes are taken into account while calculating the data, which results in data that is net of inflation.
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Calculate the Percent (%) of Earth's gravitational force on the ISS astronauts while orbiting at an altitude of 367.5 km above Earth's surface.
The gravitational force at an altitude of 367.5 km above Earth's surface is approximately 90% of Earth's gravitational force at the surface. The gravitational force of Earth on the ISS astronauts can be calculated using Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:
F = G * (M1 * M2) / (d^2)
Where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant (6.67 x 10^-11), M1 and M2 are the masses of the two objects, and d is the distance between the two objects.
For the ISS astronauts orbiting at an altitude of 367.5 km above Earth's surface, the distance d between the astronauts and Earth is equal to the radius of Earth (6371 km) + 367.5 km = 6738.5 km.
Therefore, the gravitational force of Earth on the ISS astronauts can be calculated as:
F = 6.67 x 10^-11 * (5.972 x 10^24 kg)^2 / (6738.5 km)^2
F = 9.79 N
The gravitational force of Earth on the ISS astronauts is 9.79 N. The gravitational force of Earth on a person standing on the surface of the Earth is 9.81 N.
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How many types of mixed economy are there?
There are two types of mixed economy. The government sets up diligence, invests its own capital, purchases or hires productive coffers, and takes the threat of profit or loss like an ordinary entrepreneur.
There are also Joint Sector which is participated both by the Private and the Public Sector. A mixed economy combines the advantages and disadvantages of three types of husbandry request, command, and traditional economies. Indian frugality is mixed because both private and public sectors co-occur, and both work under the general guidance of profitable planning.
Exemplifications. The US frugality is stylishly described as a mixed frugality because, even though it explosively advocates free request principles, it relies on the government to deal with matters that the private sector overlooks, ranging from education to the terrain.
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Who controls goods and services in a communist economy?
The goods and services in a communist economy are controlled by the government. The government tends to make the decisions.
In a communist economy, the government tends to dictate the economic structure; thus, the economic instability here is out of the question. Thus, here every citizen is required in order to work to receive benefits, and those who don't have the said corresponding sanctions.
However, this tends to create an incentive to participate and to encourage economic growth. For almost a large part of the 20th century, about one-third of the world lived in communist countries. Where countries were ruled by dictatorial leaders.
Hence, under communism, none of the means of production are owned by the individuals.
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