The molarity of C2H5OH water solution which will freeze at -10 degree Celsius is 5.3 molar.
What is molarity?
A solution's molar concentration, also known as molarity, is the number of moles of solute present in a specific number of liter of the solution, or moles per liter.
Two indicators are used to measure it: the volume of the solution and the quantity of solute molecules. In essence, liter are used to measure the volume of the solution. "M" stands for "molarity."
According to the given question:
The depression if the freezing point
ΔTf = i ⋅ Kf ⋅m
ΔTf = -10 °C= 10 K = the depression if the freezing point
i = 1= van't Hoff's factor (ethanol is non electrolyte and does not dissociate in aqueous solution).
Kf =1.86 Kkg/mol= molal depression in freezing point constant
m= molality
ΔTf =i⋅ Kf ⋅m
10 K=1×1.86 K kg/mol × m
m=5.3 mol/kg=5.3 m
Hence, the molality of solution is 5.3 m.
Complete question:
What is the molality of C2H5OH in water solution which will freeze at -10 degree Celsius?
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The table indicates that nitrogen and oxygen are the main components of the atmosphere by volume. Together these two gases make up approximately 99% of the dry atmosphere. Why are these gases important?.
Answer:
Explanation:
Nitrogen and oxygen are important components of the atmosphere because they are essential for life on Earth.
Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere by volume, and it is an important component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. It is also a vital component of the Earth's nitrogen cycle, which is the process by which nitrogen is converted into various forms and transported through the environment.
Oxygen makes up about 21% of the Earth's atmosphere by volume, and it is essential for respiration and the production of energy in living organisms. It is also a key component of the Earth's carbon cycle, which is the process by which carbon is exchanged between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's surface.
Together, nitrogen and oxygen play important roles in the functioning of the Earth's ecosystems and the support of life on the planet.
a chemist wants to mix a 70% saline solution with a 8 liters of a 25% saline solution to create a solution with 40% salt. how many liters of the 70% solution does she need? (saline is a mixture of salt and water)
4 liters of the 70% solution are required by the chemist.
briefly:-8 liters of saline solution divided by 25%
Saline solution at 25% = 0.25 x 8 = 2 liters
Let there be x liters of saline solution at 70%.
Salt = 8 plus x
40% of salt is equal to 25% of saline solution plus 70% of saline solution.
2 + (70/100)x = (40/100)(8 + x)
2 + 0.7x = 0.4(8 + x)
2 + 0.7x = 3.2 + 0.4x
assemble similar terms0.7x - 0.4x = 3.2 - 20.3
x = 1.2
x = 1.2 / 0.3
x = 4
4 liters of the 70% solution are required by the chemist.
How can the volume of a dilution be determined?The following equation can be used to determine the volume or concentration of a concentrated or diluted solution: M1V1 = M2V2.
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How do you know if your business is carbon neutral?
A business is considered carbon neutral if it has net zero carbon emissions, meaning that it has balanced its GHG emissions with an equivalent amount of GHG reductions or removals.
To determine if a business is carbon neutral, the following steps can be taken:
Measure the business's GHG emissions: The first step is to quantify the business's GHG emissions using a carbon footprint calculator or other relevant software. This will allow the business to understand the sources and levels of its GHG emissions.Offset remaining emissions: If the business has not already reduced its GHG emissions to zero through internal actions, it can offset its remaining emissions by purchasing carbon credits or supporting projects that remove GHGs from the atmosphere.Verify and report: The business should have its carbon-neutral status verified by a third party, such as a certification body. It should also report its GHG emissions and carbon offsets publicly, to demonstrate its commitment to sustainability and transparency.Learn more about carbon-neutral business here;
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What element has a charge of 3?
A lithium atom has a charge of three. As a result, a nitrogen atom will produce an anion with a charge of 3 and three more electrons than protons. The ion is known as a nitride ion and has the symbol N3 for it.
What three atom charges are there?There are protons, neutrons, and electrons, three types of subatomic particles. Protons and electrons, two of the subatomic particles, each have an electrical charge of one or the other. On the other hand, neutrons lack a charge.
What do you call 3 atoms?Triatomic molecules are made up of three atoms, which can be from the same chemical element or another. Examples include H2O, CO2, HCN, and O3 (see image) (ozone).
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What happens to your body when you smile?
Your brain's stress-reduction mechanisms are activated when you smile. Neuropeptides are these chemicals that let neurons in your brain communicate with one another. Dopamine, endorphins, and serotonin are also released by smiling in the brain.
Why is smiling so essential?
Studies have shown that in addition to the endorphins that people release, smiling can also reduce stress, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood sugar levels, strengthen immune systems, and release serotonin and natural painkillers. Attracts People to You - A smile frequently relaxes other people.
Your brain's stress-reduction mechanisms are activated when you smile. Neuropeptides are these chemicals that let neurons in your brain communicate with one another. Dopamine, endorphins, and serotonin are also released by smiling in the brain.
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Which atoms are in all carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates require carbon as their primary component. There is carbon in every known carbohydrate. All carbohydrates also contain hydrogen and oxygen atoms, with the exception of a few simple sugars, which only contain carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms make up the macromolecules known as carbohydrates. They are a significant energy source. They can be found in fruits and vegetables as sugars, starches, and fibre. What categories do the carbs fit into? Starchy meals are complex carbohydrates because they include two or more sugar units. Compared to simple carbs, complex carbohydrates' molecules digest and transform more slowly. They are widely distributed in whole-grain bread, cereals, lentils, beans, peanuts, potatoes, peas, and corn. As one of the three primary macronutrients, carbohydrates are one of the three.
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The number of electron energy levels in a magnesium atom is
12345
Three levels of electron energy are present in the magnesium atom (shells).
Magnesium and aluminum are a desired alloy because it combines strength and lightweight while having a lower density than aluminum. All cells and almost 300 enzymes depend on this element, which is the tenth most prevalent element by mass in the human body. An atom's mass is its atomic mass. Because it relates to the mass of a single particle, the atomic mass or relative isotopic mass is associated with a particular isotope of an element. Magnesium has an atomic mass of 24.305 u. Magnesium's typical isotopes have masses of 24, 25, and 26. 12 is the atomic number.
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What would be the freezing point of aqueous solution containing 18 gram of c6 h12 o6 in thousand gram of water?
The freezing point of aqueous solution containing 18 gram of c6 h12 o6 in thousand gram of water is -1.76°C.
What is aqeous solution?Aqueous solution is a solution created by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in water. Water is the most common solvent used to create aqueous solutions, and it is universal solvent due to its chemical properties. Aqueous solutions are a common form of solution found in every day life, such as in household cleaners, cooking ingredients, and even medication. Aqueous solutions are incredibly useful and versatile, as they can be easily manipulated with other substances to create various different solutions.
This is because the freezing point depression of a solution is proportional to the amount of solute present. The freezing point depression for a 1 molar solution of glucose is 1.86°C, so the freezing point of a solution containing 18 grams of glucose in 1000 grams of water is calculated as 1.86°C x (18/180) = -1.76°C.
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calculate the ksp for silver sulfate if the solubility of ag2so4 in pure water is 4.5 g/l.
The ksp for silver sulfate if the solubility of ag2so4 in pure water is 4.5 g/l is 1.2x10-5.
The Ksp is the solubility product, which is the product of the ions increased to their coefficients. This is based on the chemical equation's mole ratio. The stoichiometry of the dissolving reaction influences the relationship between solubility and solubility product constant. When two ionic compounds share an ion, the solubility of a sparingly soluble ionic material is considerably reduced in a solution of another ionic molecule.
The equilibrium constant for the dissolving of a solid material into an aqueous solution is the solubility product constant. It's represented by the symbol Ksp. The solubility product is a type of equilibrium constant whose value varies with temperature.
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What period has 3 valence electrons?
The periodic table's third period (row) element, aluminum, has three valence electrons.
What element's valence electrons total three?Therefore, gallium has three valence electrons. By sharing electrons, atoms can join to form an octet of valence electrons. Consequently, a substance with three electron shells is classified as Period 3.
What in the periodic table is period 2?Lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, and neon are among the elements found in the second period. This time frame corresponds to the filling of the second (n = 2) shell, notably its 2s and 2p subshells, in a quantum mechanical description of atomic structure.
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What is Scope 1 and 2 emissions?
Scope 1 emissions are greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are directly caused by an organization's activities. Scope 2 emissions are GHG emissions that result from the generation of electricity, heat, or steam that an organization consumes.
Scope 1 emissions are greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are directly caused by an organization's activities. These emissions are emitted from sources that are owned or controlled by the organization, and are a result of the organization's operations. Examples of scope 1 emissions include emissions from fuel combustion in company-owned vehicles and emissions from on-site fuel-fired boilers or heaters.
Scope 2 emissions are GHG emissions that result from the generation of electricity, heat, or steam that an organization consumes. These emissions are often referred to as "indirect emissions" because they are not directly emitted by the organization itself, but rather by the source of the energy that the organization consumes. For example, if an organization consumes electricity from a coal-fired power plant, the emissions from the power plant's fuel combustion would be considered scope 2 emissions for the organization.
Scope 1 and 2 emissions are often referred to as "direct emissions" because they are caused directly by the activities of the reporting organization. In contrast, scope 3 emissions, also known as "other indirect emissions," are those that result from activities that are not under the control or ownership of the reporting organization, but are a part of its value chain.
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a sample of a pure, gaseous hydrocarbon is introduced into a previously evacuated rigid 1.00l vessel. the pressure of the gas is
The pressure of a sample of pure, gaseous hydrocarbon introduced into a previously evacuated rigid 1.00L vessel will be 0.00 atm.
The sample of gas is pure, so the pressure will depend only on the number of molecules in the vessel and the temperature. This can be calculated using the Ideal Gas Law, which states that ,
PV=nRT.
The term n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(K⋅mol)), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Therefore, the pressure can be calculated as:
P = nRT/V
Where P is the pressure in atm, V is the volume of the vessel in liters, and n and T are as described above.
Since the sample of hydrocarbon is pure, the number of moles (n) can be calculated from the mass of the sample. Assuming the sample is introduced into the vessel at room temperature (25°C = 298K), the pressure of the gas can be calculated as:
P = (m/M)(8.314 J/(K⋅mol))(298 K)/1.00L
Where m is the mass of the sample and M is the molar mass of the hydrocarbon.
Therefore, the pressure of a sample of pure, gaseous hydrocarbon introduced into a previously evacuated rigid 1.00L vessel will be 0.00 atm.
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A student notices that the Periodic Table has most of the elements with common properties grouped together. This
means that nonmetals tend to be grouped together, metals tend to be found together, and metalloids tend to be
placed together on the table. Which property can be associated with nonmetals, since they are found together on
the Periodic Table?
A Nonmetals tend to be gases or liquids at room temperature and are found on the right side of the
table.
*B
C
D
Nonmetals tend to be on the top of the Periodic Table and are brittle.
Nonmetals tend to be on the bottom half of the Periodic Table and tend to conduct electricity
well.
Nonmetals tend to be shiny and malleable and are found on the left side of the table.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
"Nonmetals tend to be gases or liquids at room temperature and are found on the right side of the table."
This can be observed using a labelled periodic table.
(CH3)2O - Lewis Structure, Molecular Structure, Polarity, Isomers, Hybridization of Central Atom
Hybridization of oxygen is Sp³ and hybridization of carbon is Sp³ .Due to the polarity of the carbonyl group, which results from the electronegativity differences between the oxygen and carbon atoms, acetone is a polar chemical. As a result, Acetone has a dipole moment of about 2.69. Lewis Structure, Molecular Structure and isomer are attach in image below.
What is acetone ?The organic molecule acetone has the chemical formula (CH3)2CO. The smallest and most basic ketone. It is a colourless, flammable liquid with a distinctively strong odor that is also highly volatile. Because it is miscible with water, acetone is used as a significant organic solvent in industry, the household, and laboratories.
Acetone is a ketone, whereas alcohols belong to a separate class known as alcohols. Alcohols can be created from ketones (reacting with hydrogen or another reducing agent). Ketones can isomerize to unsaturated alcohols under specific circumstances.
Thus, Acetone has a dipole moment of about 2.69.
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If you rewrite the following word equation as a balanced chemical equation, what will the coefficient and symbol for fluorine be? nitrogen trifluoride = nitrogen + fluorine.
If the given word equation is rewritten as a balanced chemical equation, the coefficient for fluorine will be 3 and the symbol for fluorine will be F.
A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms of each element on the left side of the equation is equal to the number of atoms of each element on the right side of the equation. In the case of the given equation, the balanced chemical equation would be:
N2 + 3F2 → 2NF3
In this equation, the coefficient for fluorine (F2) would be 3 and the symbol for fluorine would be F. This means that there are three molecules of fluorine present in the reaction, and the symbol for fluorine is F.
In summary, if the given word equation is rewritten as a balanced chemical equation, the coefficient for fluorine will be 3 and the symbol for fluorine will be F.
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Classify These Atoms And Ions As Paramagnetic Or Diamagnetic.
The atoms and ions that are paramagnetic are [tex]Mn^{2+}[/tex] and Sn and the atoms and ions that are diamagnetic are [tex]Al^{3+}[/tex] and Zn.
What is paramagnetic and diamagnetic?Paramagnetic ions or atoms are when the ions or atoms have at least one unpaired electron. Diamagnetic ions or atoms are when the atoms or ions don't have any unpaired electrons.
To find if the ions have unpaired electrons or not, we must write electron configuration. So,
For [tex]Mn^{2+}[/tex] electron configuration is [tex][Ar]3d^54s^0[/tex], it is paramagnetic.
For [tex]Al^{3+}[/tex] electron configuration is [tex][He]2s^22p^63s^03p^0[/tex], it is diamagnetic.
For Zn electron configuration is [tex][Ar]3d^{10}4s^2[/tex], it is diamagnetic.
For Sn electron configuration is [tex][Kr]4d^{10}5s^25p^2[/tex], it is paramagnetic.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was
(image attached)
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Consider the reaction A-->B The rate of the reaction is 1.6 x 10^-2 M/s when the concentration of A is 0.11 M. Calculate the rate constant if the reaction is first order in A. (Give units.) Calculate the rate constant if the reaction is second order in A. (Give units.)
The rate constant of a first-order reaction is 0.145 s⁻¹. The rate constant of the second-order reaction is 1.322 M⁻¹s⁻¹.
What is the rate of the reaction?The rate of reaction can be demonstrated as the speed at which the products in a chemical reaction are produced from the reactants. Rate gives information on how much time is required for the reaction to be completed.
The rate of reaction can be defined as the speed of a reaction at which reactants are converted into products. Some reactions can be instantaneous, while some take a little longer to achieve the final equilibrium.
Given, the reaction is A → B
Given, the rate of reaction = 1.6 × 10⁻² M/s
The initial concentration of reactant A = 0.11 M
The rate constant of first-order reaction, Rate = k [A]
1.6 × 10⁻² = k ×0.11
k = 0.145 s⁻¹
The rate constant of second-order reaction, Rate = k [A]²
1.6 × 10⁻² = k ×(0.11)²
k' = 1.322 M⁻¹s⁻¹
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What is everything to know about chemical bonding?
Explains other concepts such as molecules and reactions.
Explanation: Bond parameters, covalent compounds, hybridisation, hydrogen bonding, ionic or electrical ent compounds, and resonance structures
What are Scope 2 emissions examples?
Examples of scope 2 emission are, the electricity and natural gas that is purchased from the local power utility and energy consumption that purchased from the utility.
The Scope 2 emissions are the indirect emissions from the generation of purchased energy from a utility provider. All GHG emissions released in the atmosphere from the consumption of purchased electricity, steam, heat and cooling. For most organizations, electricity will be the unique source of scope 2 emissions. Scope 2 covers the electricity consumed by the end user. We can use the simple term “buy” for the scope 2 emission because the organization typically buys energy to run its operations. This emissions come from purchased electricity, steam, heating, or cooling.
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What would be the temperature of 50g of 20c water mixed with 80g of 40C water?
A mixture of 50g of 20C water and 80g of 40C water has a temperature of 30C.
T is equal to M1 (50g), M2 (25g), and M1 (25g). T1 : 20C
M2 : 50g. T2 : 40C
final temperature: (50*20+50*40)/50+50 :. (3000)/100 : 30C for M1T1+M2T2/M1+M2.
In chemistry, how do you express temperature?The ° symbol is typically used to denote temperature measurements in degrees rather than the written word, with a space following the number but not the symbol and the temperature scale: 80 °C was applied to the sample.
What are the benefits of temperature in chemistry?Chemistry relies heavily on temperature as a factor. It is due to an increase in the material's temperature that a substance transforms from solid to liquid. Increasing the temperature frequently hastens chemical processes.
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What force forms ionic bonds?
Answer: electrostatic force
Explanation:
Oppositely charged particles attract each other. This attractive force is often referred to as an electrostatic force. An ionic bond is the electrostatic force that holds ions together in an ionic compound
What is the valence of C?
What are the elements at the bottom of the table called?
Answer:
inner transition elements.
Explanation:
right answer
What special equipment did aristotle use to develop and support his atomic model?
Answer: He thought that all materials on Earth were not made of atoms, but of the four elements, Earth, Fire, Water, and Air.
Explanation: Aristotle did not believe in the atomic theory and he taught so otherwise. He thought that all materials on Earth were not made of atoms, but of the four elements, Earth, Fire, Water, and Air. He believed all substances were made of small amounts of these four elements of matter.
Is 20% NaCl hypertonic?
20% NaCl is hypertonic.
What is hypertonic solution?
A hypertonic solution is any external solution that has a high solute content and a low water concentration compared to body fluids. In a hypertonic solution, water will often transfer from the body into the solution.
A solution that is hypertonic includes more solute particles (such as salts and other electrolytes) is frequently found in blood plasma and cells. Osmotic pressure of the interior of cell is equals to 0.9 % NaCl solution, which is called physiological saline.
Therefore, 20% NaCl is hypertonic.
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Which solution will freeze at the lowest temperature?
H2SO4 solution will freeze at the lowest temperature.
What is freezing point?
A solution's freezing point is lesser than that of the pure solvent. This signifies that freezing can only occur when a solution is reduced to a lower temperature than the pure solvent.
We have four solutions,
1.0 M NaOH
Pure water
1.0 M H2SO4
1.0 M C6H12O6
As, freezing point of solution ∝ 1\number of ions\ moles produced
1. NaOH= Na+ + OH- (Number of ions= 2)
2. H2O + H2O = H3O+ + OH- (Number of ions= 2)
3. H2SO4 = 2H+ + SO42- (Number of ions= 3)
4. Glucose will not dissociate in any extent.
Therefore, freezing point of solution is least when it contains 1.0 M H2SO4 in it, as number of ions is maximum among these (3).
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Complete question:
Which solution will freeze at the lowest temperature? 1.0 M NaOH Pure Water 1.0 M H2SO4 1.0 M C6H12O6.
We can see water change state, from ice to steam. This is a __________ change in matter.
NH: H0+ NH4 SO,2- CHCl3 Crude Sketch Calculations (# of valence electrons, # of bonds, etc. Lewis Structure #electron groups, electron group geometry # of bonded atoms, molecular shape Resonance structures (if any) Polar or nonpolar
The compound NH₄⁺ is tetrahedral in geometry and is non-polar. SO₂ is polar in nature and has a bend shape. CHCl₃ is tetrahedral and it is polar.
What are polar compounds?Polar compounds are those having a permanent dipole moment. When the atoms bonded together have significant difference in electronegativity the electrons will attracts more to the highly electronegative atom and there occurs a net dipole moment results in polarity.
The ammonium ion NH₄⁺ is a tetrahedral molecule having no polarity. The dipole moments cancel each other due its tetrahedral nature. SO₂ is bend in geometry due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on oxygen atom. It is a polar compound.
The compound trichloromethane has a net dipole moment and it is polar with a tetrahedral structure.
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Determine the temperature required for 0. 0470 mol of gas to fill a balloon to 1. 20 l under 0. 998 atm pressure.
In a control experiment, to validate the amount of HCl neutralized by an antacid, identify the item that would not be present.
Antacid
NaOH
HCl
Phenolphthalein
In a control experiment, to validate the amount of HCl neutralized by an antacid, at the end of experiment antacid would not be present.
The following net-ionic equation describes how a strong acid and a strong base react together: H₃O⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → 2H₂O(l). The pH of the resulting solution can be calculated from the concentration of the excess reactant if either the acid or the base is in excess. The solution has a pH of 7.00 at 25°C if the acid and base are equimolar.
What is a strong base reaction?Contrarily, weak bases only partially react with water to form hydroxide ions, whereas strong bases completely react to form the hydroxide ion. A strong acid and strong base react by neutralizing one another, which results in the production of salt and water.
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