Why is the freezing point of depression of 0.1 m NaCl solution nearly twice that 0.1 m glucose?
This is due to the fact that NaCl molecules are much smaller than glucose molecules.
What is molecules?Molecules are the smallest particles of a substance that can still be identified as that substance. They are composed of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. Molecules are the fundamental building blocks of all matter, both living and nonliving. The number and type of atoms in a molecule determine its chemical identity.
The smaller molecules of NaCl can fit into the water molecules more easily than the larger glucose molecules, causing more water molecules to be displaced and therefore a higher freezing point.
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Is Li and Cl likely to form ionic compounds?
Answer:
Well lithium is a metal and chlorine is a nonmetal. Therefore this is most likely going to be ionic
Classify the following monosaccharides according to the position of the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
The first structure is ketotetrose.
The second structure is ketohexose.
The third structure is aldohexose.
Monosaccharides are the most fundamental form of sugar and are the monomers from which all other types of carbohydrates are produced. They are also frequently referred to as simple sugars. In addition to this, they are the most basic form of sugar. The majority of the time, these compounds have a crystalline form, are white in color, and are soluble in water. Despite their common name, monosaccharides are not all sugars. Only certain monosaccharides have a flavor that can be described as sweet. The structure of the great majority of monosaccharides can be represented mathematically as CnH₂nOn. disaccharides and polysaccharides are created from monosaccharides, which are the foundational building blocks of carbohydrates. Sucrose, most commonly referred to as table sugar, is a disaccharide.
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how many nítrate ions are present in 5.7 moles of calcium nitrate?
As a result, 5.7 of calcium nitrate contains 1.02 × 10²⁵ nitrate ions..
What is calcium nitrate?Called Norgessalpeter, calcium nitrate is an inorganic substance having the formula Ca(NO3)2x. The unusual anhydrous chemical absorbs moisture from the environment to form the tetrahydrate. Salts can be found in two different states: hydrated and anhydrous. Calcium nitrate is a chemical compound that dissolves in water and has several applications, including the treatment of water, fertilizers, concrete, and cold packs. Calcium nitrate is mostly utilized in wastewater treatment to eliminate hydrogen sulfide-related odors and guard against oxygen shortage.
What is calcium nitrate used for and its side effects?Calcium nitrate is a chemical compound that dissolves in water and has several applications, including the treatment of water, fertilizers, concrete, and cold packs. Calcium nitrate is mostly utilized in wastewater treatment to eliminate hydrogen sulfide-related odors and guard against oxygen shortage.
Lethargy, muscle weakness, vomiting, nausea, and constipation are all signs of hypercalcemia. Some calcium salts irritate the digestive tract. Dermal irritation may result from even brief skin contact with caustic calcium salts.
Briefing:1 mole of Ca(NO₃)₂ contains = 6.022 × 10²³ formula Units
So,
5.7 mole of Ca(NO₃)₂ will contain = X Formula Units
Solving for X,
X = (5.7 mol × 6.022 × 10²³ formula units) ÷ 1 mol
X = 3.43 × 10²⁴ Formula Units
As discussed,
1 Formula Unit of Ca(NO₃)₂ contains = 3 Ions
So,
3.43 × 10²⁴ Formula units will contain = X ions
Solving for X,
X = (3.43 × 10²⁴ Formula Unit × 3 Ions) ÷ 1 Formula Unit
X = 1.02 × 10²⁵ Ions
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Is sodium bicarbonate a physical or chemical change?
When sodium bicarbonate breaks down into sodium carbonate and water this reaction comes under the category of a chemical change.
Decomposition and pH are two common chemical properties of sodium bicarbonate. The pH tells us about the number of (H+) ions present in the compounds. It helps us to identify whether a given substance is acidic , basic or neutral in nature.
A chemical change happens when a reaction takes place , whereas a physical change happens when something changes shape but not its chemical properties.
Physical changes are reversible whereas chemical changes are irreversible. Example , melting of ice is physical change whereas burning of paper is chemical change.
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A bond angle is the angle formed by the nuclei of _____ surrounding atoms with the nucleus of a central atom.
Answer: two;ideal;identical
Explanation:
The angle between two bonds on the same atom is known as the bond angle. It varies according to the number of lone pairs, hybridization, atom repulsion, and each atom's electronegativity.
What bond angle is the angle formed by the nuclei?The geometric angle formed by two adjacent bonds is known as a bond angle. Simple molecules can take on a variety of forms, such as: Atoms are connected in a straight line in a linear model.
The number of lone pairs an atom contains frequently influences the bond angle. In the case of an atom with no lone pairs, the form is trigonal planar, and the bond angle is 120°. The molecule has a 118 bond angle and one lone pair that generates a bent shape.
Therefore, We predict that the two zones of electron density will align themselves with a 180° bond angle on either side of the centre atom using the VSEPR theory.
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Here Are Sketches Of Four Electron Orbitals:
Out of the sketch of the orbitals, the options are:
Electrons are in S orbital: yes.The list of electrons in an orbital is electrons B and C.Any of them in the p orbital: yes.List of the p orbital: electron D.What are orbitals?A three-dimensional representation of an electron's most likely position within an atom is called an orbital. The likelihood of discovering an electron near a hydrogen atom's nucleus is depicted in the diagram below. The 1s orbital has the highest likelihood, as you can see.
A p orbital resembles a pair of lobes on either side of the nucleus, or it has a slightly dambell-like structure. A p orbital electron has an equal chance of being in either half.
Therefore, the correct options are:
Electrons are in S orbital: yes.The list of electrons in an orbital is electrons B and C.Any of them in the p orbital: yes.List of the p orbital: electron D.To learn more about orbitals, refer to the link:
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below: the image is added.
]
Consider the following intermediate chemical equations.
C(s) +
CO(g) +
O₂(g) → CO(g)
How will oxygen appear in the final chemical equation?
O O2(g) as a product
O O2(g) as a reactant
OO(g) as a product
O 20(g) as a reactant
O₂(g) → CO₂(g)
In the above intermediate chemical equation, oxygen will appear as follows: O₂(g) as a reactant (option B).
What is a chemical equation?A chemical equation in chemistry is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where reactants are represented on the left, and products on the right.
According to this question, an intermediate chemical equation is presented as follows:
CO(g) + O₂(g) → CO(g)C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g)As observed in the above chemical equation, oxygen will react in its gaseous form i.e. as a reactant.
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What percent of MgO is Mg?
The percent composition is calculated by dividing the mass of an atom by the total mass of the compound multiplied by 100.
percentage of atom= (mass of atom/molecular mass) X 100
The atomic weight of magnesium Mg is 24.3. The atomic weight of oxygen is 16.0.
The total mass is (24.3+16.0 = 40.3)
put values in formula to calculate percentage,
Percentage of magnesium= (24.3/40.3) X 100
Percentage of magnesium= 60.29%.
The percent composition of magnesium in magnesium oxide is 60.29 %.
molecular mass
Molecular mass of an element is defined as the sum of the masses of the elements present in the molecule.
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What will be the ratio of the root mean square speeds of the molecules?
After that, the speeds of the molecules are calculated at the two different temperatures as given in the question and then, the ratio is calculated by dividing.
Here, T is the temperature,
m is the mass of the molecules and
R is the Gas constant.
Let's taken an example of the two temperatures are as follows:
[tex]T_{1}[/tex]=270K
[tex]T_{2}[/tex]=30K
We know that the root mean square speed of the molecules is given as:
[tex]V_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M} }[/tex]
Putting the values of the temperatures and calculating the root mean square speeds of the molecules:
[tex]V_{rms1} = \sqrt[]{\frac{3R*270}{M} }[/tex]
[tex]V_{rms2} = \sqrt{\frac{3R*30}{M} }[/tex]
Dividing the above two root mean square speed equations in order to get the ratio of the two, we get,
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{rms1} }{V_{rms2} } = \frac{\sqrt{\frac{3R*270}{M} } }{\sqrt{\frac{3R*30}{M} } }[/tex]
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{rms1} }{V_{rms2} } = \sqrt{\frac{9}{1} }[/tex]
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{rms1} }{V_{rms2} } = \frac{3}{1}[/tex]
Hence, the ratio of the root mean square speeds of the molecules of an ideal gas at 270K and 30K is 3:1.
Note: It is important to note that the root-mean-square speed is the measure of the speed of particles in a gas, defined as the square root of the average velocity-squared of the molecules in a gas. The mass and the Gas constant values for a particular gas remain the same and only temperature is the variant.
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What are the 4 common elements that form covalent bonds?
Answer:
The four (4) most important elements found in cells that form covalent bonds are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
Explanation:
You are given a small beaker of solution at room temp. You add a bit of solute to the solution and it dissolves. The solution was:.
Answer:
UNsaturated
Explanation:
Eventually by adding solute you will reach a point where no more will dissolve....then it is saturated
Is 20 grams of salt dissolved in 100 mL of water?
Yes, 20 grams of salt can be dissolved in 100 mL of water.
What is solubility?Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a liquid or to be dispersed in another substance. It is a physical property of a substance that determines how much of a solute can be dissolved in a particular solvent. Solubility is a measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given solvent at a particular temperature and pressure. Solubility is an important factor to consider when formulating products as it affects the concentration of the active ingredient or solute in the end-product.
The amount of salt that can be dissolved in a given amount of water is determined by the solubility of the salt. The solubility of salt in water is typically around 357 grams per liter, so 20 grams of salt can be dissolved in approximately 56 milliliters of water.
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Draw the final product of this series of reactions. 1. BH3 2. H2O2, NaOH 3. PBrz 4. 1 equivalent of NaOEt • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. • Show stereochemistry in a meso compound. • If the reaction produces a racemic mixture, draw both stereoisomers. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. OH compound a compound b (racemic) compound d OH compoundc compound b compound e (racemic) y. 104 z mCPBA aa. NaOH, H20 bb. Naº Reagents a. HX m. Na/NH3 HBr, H2O2, hv n. H2SO4, HgSO4 C. H2O, H2SO4 0. (sia) BH then H2O2, NaOH d. X2 p. 1 equivalent of NaNH2 e. H2, Pd q. NBS, hv f. X2, H20 r. Bre, hv g. OsO4 then NaHSO3 s. (CH3)2COK h. Hg(OAC)2, H2O then NaBH4 t. PBrz i. BH2 then H2O2, NaOH SOCI2 j. Oz then (CH3)2S H3PO4 k. 2 equivalents of NaNH2 W. H2Cro4 1. H2, Lindlar's catalyst X. PCC This synthesis was designed using the Organic Chemistry Road Map found in the appendix of your textbook. In this synthesis, reagents from the table are used to carry out the indicated steps (shown in blue). In the box below, draw the structure of compound b.
The final product of the given series of reactions is shown in the attached diagram below.
What is hydroboration?In organic chemistry, hydroboration can be described as the addition of a hydrogen-boron bond to double and triple bonds involving carbon (C=C, C=O, and C≡C).
Hydroboration forms organoborane compounds that react with a variety of reagents to form useful compounds, such as alcohols, or alkyl halides. The mostly known reaction of the organoboranes is oxidation to form alcohols by hydrogen peroxide.
Hydroboration is typically anti-Markovnikov according to which the hydrogen adds to the most substituted carbon of the alkene bond. Hydroboration proceeds through a four-membered transition state where both B and H are added on the same face of the double bond. The plane through which they are added is generated less hindered face.
After the addition of Boron, we get OH after the oxidation of BH₂ with H₂O₂. PBr₃ is used for the conversion of OH into Br and then base NaOEt will give eliminating reaction so the final product is an alkene.
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What is parabola give example?
Parabola is line formed from fixed points on a plane curve.
Parabola is described as a plane curve generated by a point moving so that its distance from a fixed point is equal to its distance from a fixed line and the intersection between a right circular cone and a plane parallel to an element of the cone.
The name "parabola" is given due to Apollonius, who discovered many properties of conic sections. It means "application", referring to "application of areas" concept, which has a connection with this curve, as Apollonius had proved. The focus–directrix property of the parabola and other conic sections exists due to Pappus.
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50 Points!! NEED ANSWER NOW WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
What kind of mutation does this image represent? Illustration of chromosome 5 mutation with q as the bottom and p as the top. One pair is of the same p and q and another pair 5p minus is one full and another has half p and full q.
A. deletion
B. duplication
C. insertion
D. inversion
E. substitution
The given image represents the deletion kind of mutation. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is the deletion in genetics?In genetics, a deletion can be described as a mutation in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is left while DNA replication. From a single base to an entire piece of chromosome any number of nucleotides can be deleted.
Some chromosomes have weak spots where breaks take place which results in the deletion of a part of the chromosome. The separation can be induced by heat, viruses, radiation, and chemicals. When a chromosome breaks, the missing piece of a chromosome is known as deletion.
The single base deletion mutations take place by a single base flipping in the template DNA, followed by DNA strand slippage.
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which of the following is an example of pure chemistry? a. an analytical chemist determining the best way to filter contaminants out of drinking water b. a biochemist studying how the ribosome (a large complex of proteins) works c. an inorganic chemist developing a new alloy for use on ships that is resistant to corrosion by sea water d. an organic chemist working to synthesize a new cancer drug
a biochemist investigating the function of the massive protein complex known as the ribosome
What action might a chemical analyst take?
In industry, academia, and government, analytical chemists are used in many facets of chemical research. They conduct fundamental laboratory research, create procedures and products, create analytical instrumentation, teach, and engage in marketing and legal activities.
What are the four types of chemical analytical techniques?
Analytical chemistry is important in four main areas since it is used in many different scientific fields. These fields include chromatography, potentiometry, acid-base techniques, and spectroscopy.
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How many grams of solute are needed to make 3450 ml of a 2.25 M solution of Ca(NO3)2?
1.567 g of solute is needed to make 3450 ml of a 2.25 M solution of Ca(NO3)2.
How does molarity work?The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity. The molar concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.
What does a solution's molarity mean?Molarity (M), which is determined by dividing the solute's mass in moles by the volume of the solution in liters, is the most widely used unit to express solution concentration: liters of solution/moles of solute equals M. One liter of a solution with a 1.00 molar concentration (1.00 M) contains 1.00 moles of solute.
No. of moles of NO₃⁻ = (0.1528 mol/L) × (125.00/1000 L) = 0.0191 mol
Each mole of Ca(NO₃)₂ contains 2 moles of NO₃⁻.
No. of moles of Ca(NO₃)₂ = (0.0191 mol) × (1/2) = 0.00955 mol
Molar mass of Ca(NO₃)₂ = (40.078 + 14.007×2 + 15.999×6) g/mol = 164.086 g/mol
Mass of Ca(NO₃)₂ required = (0.00955 mol) × (164.086 g/mol) = 1.567 g
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Why does a solution have a depressed freezing point and an elevated boiling point compared with the pure solvent?
Depressed freezing point because the solute changed the solvent's molecular structure, causing it to refreeze at a lower temperature. More solute supplied generates a higher boiling point because the solute interacts with the solvent, requiring more energy to bring to a boil.
What is a pure solvent?
When mating surfaces are in close contact and no gap filling is necessary, pure solvents, which have just one component, are employed to affix thermoplastics.
Depressed freezing point because the solute changed the solvent's molecular structure, causing it to refreeze at a lower temperature. More solute supplied generates a higher boiling point because the solute interacts with the solvent, requiring more energy to bring to a boil.
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6. For 2NH3 equilibrium N₂ + 3H2, Kb is 6 × 104 then Kb is a.1.12 × 10^3 b. 1.67 * 10^5 1.51 × 10^-3 d. 1.67 x 10^-5
Answer:
Explanation:
The equilibrium constant (K) for the reaction 2NH3 equilibrium N₂ + 3H2 is given as 6 × 104. This value indicates the relative concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium.
To determine the correct option among the choices given (a, b, c, or d), we need to know the concentration units of the equilibrium constant. Without this information, it is not possible to determine which of the given options is correct.
The equilibrium constant is usually expressed in terms of the concentration of the reactants and products in the reaction. For example, if the concentration units for the equilibrium constant are mol/L, then the correct option could be one of the following:
a. 1.12 × 10^3: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
b. 1.67 * 10^5: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
c. 1.51 × 10^-3: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
d. 1.67 x 10^-5: This option has the correct units (mol/L) but the value is incorrect.
Without more information about the concentration units of the equilibrium constant, it is not possible to determine which of the given options is correct.
Why is there chemical bonding at all?
The simplest response is that atoms are attempting to enter the most stable (lowest-energy) state possible. When an atom meets the octet rule or forms chemical bonds, many of them become stable.
What exactly is chemical bonding used for?The attraction between two or more atoms that enables them to combine to produce a stable chemical compound is known as chemical bonding. Chemical bonds can have many different types, but covalent and ionic bonds are the most well-known. When one atom has less energy, the other has enough thanks to these bonds.
What are responsible for chemical bonding?The valence electrons are the ones in charge of forming chemical bonds. Atoms trade electrons to form chemical bonds. Ionic and covalent bonds are the two basic types of bonding. When two atoms with different electronegativity join together, ionic connections are formed.
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For work to be accomplished, an object must move in the same /BLANK\ as the applied /BLANK\ .
For work to be accomplished, an object must move in the same direction as the applied force.
What is work?Work in physics refers to the measure of energy expended in moving an object; most commonly, force times distance.
It is said that no work is done if the object does not move. When a force acts upon an object to cause a displacement (directional distance) of the object, it is said that work was done upon the object.
In order for work to be done, the object must move in the same direction as the force being applied to it.
Applied force is the force which is applied to an object by another object. For example, a person pushing a barrel is an example of applied force. When the person pushes the barrel then there is an applied force acting upon the barrel.
Therefore, the correct answers have been inserted into the blank in the main answer section.
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if we are heated a metal with 28g mass then we add it in a coffee cup with 28g water. the water temperature raised from 19 degree to 23.8 oc. what was the initial temperature of the metal. the water specific heat of water is 4.184 j/g oc.
Specific Heat of the metal will be = 4.184 J/C
Mass of metal = 28 g
Mass of water = 28 g
Rise in temperature = 23.8 - 19 = 4.8 C
Specific heat of water = 4.184 J/C
Let the specific heat of metal =S
The heat released by metal =mass of metal * specific heat of metal * Change in temperature
[tex]& =28\times S \times 4.8{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \\& =134.4 S^{\circ} \mathrm{C}[/tex]
Heat absorbed by water = mass of water x specific heat of water x change in temp. [tex]=28 \times 4.184 \times 4.8=562.3296 J[/tex]
Using the principal of Caloriemeter:
We have, Heat released by metal = Heat absorbed by water
134.4S = 562.3296 =>4.184 J/C
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The correct question should be:
if we are heated a metal with 28g mass then we add it in a coffee cup with 28g water. the water temperature raised from 19 degree to 23.8 oc. what was the specific heat of the metal. the water specific heat of water is 4.184 j/g oc.
What is limit and exposure?
Answer:
An exposure limit is a legal or upper or lower level used as a safety measure to prevent health and safety risks caused by excessive exposure to a poisonous or harmful chemical. Exposure limits are simply the limitations established for substances that endanger human life and/or health.
Explanation:
W
If a chemist starts with 100 grams of Al(OH)3, how much water will be produced?
2Al(OH)3 + 3H₂ →
2AI + 6H₂O
2Al(OH)3 + 3H₂ →2AI + 6H₂O , 2 moles of Al(OH)3 give ,3 moles of H₂O. so, 100gm of Al(OH)3 gives 300 gm of H₂O.
What causes an endothermic reaction?Endothermic chemical processes are those that generally absorb (or use) energy. When bonds in the reactants are broken in endothermic reactions, more energy is absorbed than is released when new bonds are created in the products.
What does the an in n a stand for?Not applicable, (also known as N/A), is a written acronym for not applicable that is used on forms when you are unable to provide a relevant (i.e., answer the question) response. Related words and phrases are part of the SMART Vocabulary. undesirable and inappropriate. amiss.
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design a synthesis of acetophenone from benzyl alcohol and methanol
To design a synthesis of acetophenone from benzyl alcohol and methanolBenzyl alcohol is converted to Benzaldehyde using PCC. Mean while methanol was converted to methyl bromide and Generated Grignard reagent.
Benzaldehyde react with Grignard reagent to give secondary alcohol which is oxidized to Acetophenone by PCC.benzaldehyde and methylmagnesium bromide are the appropriate starting material for AcetophenoneMethanol, the most basic alcohol (CH3OH), is a chemical key component in hundreds of everyday items such as plastics, paints, automobile parts, and building supplies. Methanol is also a clean energy source of information that is used to power cars, trucks, buses, ships, fuel cells, boilers, and cook stoves. . Chronic methanol vapour poisoning can cause eye inflammation (conjunctivitis), recurrent cramps, giddiness, insomnia, stomach disruptions, and visual failure.
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What is 3 oxygen called?
Answer: Ozone
Explanation:
Ozone, O3, also known as Trioxygen, is a triatomic molecule consisting of three oxygen. Ozone is the allotrope, or behavior, of oxygen that is less stable than O2.
What are the 4 routes of chemical exposure?
There are four primary routes through which a chemical may enter the body:breathing (inhalation) (breathing)Contact with the skin or the eyes swallowing and injecting
How many different ways are there to be exposed to chemicals?Chemicals must reach your body in order to harm your health.The three basic "routes of exposure," or methods by which a chemical enters your body, are as follows.BREATHING
What are the three exposure routes?The method via which a person may come into touch with a dangerous material is referred to as an exposure pathway.There are three primary exposure routes: direct touch, ingestion, and inhalation.Measuring the quantity of the dangerous material just at point of contact allows for the determination of the degree and extent of exposure.
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Draw the best Lewis structure for XeI2.
In the XeI₂ Lewis structure, a xenon atom displays a xenon atom in the center, surrounded by two iodine atoms. There are two single bonds connecting the xenon atom to each iodine atom. There are three lone pairs on the xenon atom and both iodine atoms.
Lewis's structure is a pattern or diagram that describes the number of valence electrons of the atoms that will form chemical bonds. The Lewis structure is also known as the electron dot formula.
Several stages of how to write a Lewis structure:
First determine the center of the atom.Count on all the valence electrons of the atom. If the species is an ion, then add as many electrons as the ion has a negative charge or subtract the number of electrons with a positive charge.Create an electron pair for each bond.Complete the duplet or octet rule for the atoms bonded to the central atom.Add if necessary, the electron pairs on the central atom.If the atom center has not reached the octet rule, then a double bond must be formed to reach the octet rule.Learn more about Lewis's structure at https://brainly.com/question/20300458
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Cotton in solid but it floats on water. Why?