To calculate the molecular weight of a substance from its vapor density, we can use the following formula:
Molecular weight = (RT/P) x d
where:
R is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm/mol K)
T is the temperature in Kelvin
P is the pressure in atm
d is the vapor density (in g/L) of the substance
First, we need to calculate the vapor density of the substance using the given information. We can use the ideal gas law to find the number of moles of the substance in the flask:
PV = nRT
where:
P is the pressure (687 mmHg = 0.903 atm)
V is the volume (100 mL = 0.1 L)
n is the number of moles of gas
R is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm/mol K)
T is the temperature in Kelvin (45°C = 318 K)
Solving for n, we get:
n = PV/RT = (0.903 atm)(0.1 L)/(0.0821 L atm/mol K)(318 K) = 0.00372 mol
Next, we can use the mass and volume information to find the density of the substance:
density = mass/volume = 1.22 g/0.1 L = 12.2 g/L
Since the vapor density is half of the density of the substance in the liquid state, we can calculate the vapor density:
vapor density = density/2 = 6.1 g/L
Finally, we can use the formula above to find the molecular weight:
Molecular weight = (RT/P) x d
Molecular weight = (0.0821 L atm/mol K)(318 K)/(0.903 atm) x 6.1 g/L
Molecular weight = 92.2 g/mol
Therefore, the molecular weight of the substance is 92.2 g/mol.
Does any know the answer to the first three question
1. C) Molarity is indirectly related to volume.
2. A) The CaCl2 beaker has more ions in solution.
3. the molarity of the NaCl solution is 0.0513 M.
How to find the molarityStep 1: Convert 30g of NaCl to moles.
The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol. To convert 30 g to moles, divide by the molar mass:
30 g NaCl / 58.44 g/mol = 0.513 mol NaCl
Step 2: List Given and asking information.
Given:
Mass of NaCl = 30g
Volume of solution = 10.0L
Asking:
Molarity of the solution = ?
Step 3: set Molarity Formula and plug the mole/ Volume into the formula.
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution
Molarity = 0.513 mol / 10.0 L = 0.0513 M
Therefore, the molarity of the NaCl solution is 0.0513 M.
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PLS HELP!!!!!
Convert the following measurements. Show all work, including units that cancel.
18.2 g -> ? mol
Answer: To convert grams (g) to moles (mol), we need to use the molar mass of the substance. We can use the following formula:
moles = mass (in grams) / molar mass
We will assume that we are given the mass of a pure substance. If the substance is a compound, we will need to look up the molar mass in the periodic table or calculate it using the atomic masses of its elements.
Let's assume that we are given 18.2 g of a pure substance and we want to convert it to moles. We will need to look up the molar mass of the substance. For example, let's say the substance is water (H2O):
Molar mass of H2O = 2(1.008 g/mol) + 1(15.999 g/mol) = 18.015 g/mol
Now we can use the formula to convert grams to moles:
moles = 18.2 g / 18.015 g/mol = 1.009 mol
Therefore, 18.2 g of the substance is equivalent to 1.009 mol of the substance.
Epsom salts are a common household item used for mineral baths a 5 g sample is epsom salts contain 1.01 g magnesium 1.33 g of sulfur and 2.66 g of oxygen determine the empirical formula for this compound
The empirical formula for Epsom salts is MgSO₄, which means that for every one magnesium atom in the compound, there is one sulfur atom and four oxygen atoms.
To determine the empirical formula of Epsom salts we have to calculate the moles of each element in the sample:
Moles of magnesium = 1.01 g ÷ 24.31 g/mol = 0.0415 mol
Moles of sulfur = 1.33 g ÷ 32.06 g/mol = 0.0415 mol
Moles of oxygen = 2.66 g ÷ 16.00 g/mol = 0.1663 mol
Divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles:
0.0415 mol Mg ÷ 0.0415 mol = 1
0.0415 mol S ÷ 0.0415 mol = 1
0.1663 mol O ÷ 0.0415 mol = 4
If necessary, multiply each ratio by a whole number to get the smallest possible whole-number ratio:
1 : 1 : 4
This ratio is 1:1:4 for magnesium, sulfur, and oxygen respectively.
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HELPPPPPPP ASPA!!!!60 POINTS TO ANSWER
1) Nuclear energy is sometimes classified as a renewable source.
However, it also has aspects that classify it as non-renewable. Describe
how nuclear energy is both renewable and non-renewable.
2) Imagine that you are part of a team deciding which energy resource, coal or wind, should
power your community’s electrical grid. Write two pros and two cons on the chart for each resource below. its coal and wind i need 2 pros and 2 cons for both.
Answer:
1) Nuclear energy is a non-renewable resource because it relies on uranium to generate power. Uranium is a radioactive element not found in large quantities on Earth. Once it is used to fuel a nuclear reactor, it cannot be reused. This means that once all the uranium is gone, we will no longer be able to generate nuclear power.
2)
Wind power pros and cons
ProsWind power is a clean and renewable energy sourceWind power is cost-effective2. Cons
Construction can cause local disturbances Can negatively impact local wildlife if not carefully designedCoal power pros and cons
1. Pros
Inexpensive Energy SourceIndependent of the Weather2. Cons
It is not a renewable resourceCoal contains a high level of carbon dioxide chloride is formed by the reaction of 2.6 L of a 1.44 M solution of HI according to the following equation:
2Ga + 6HCI--2GaCi, + 3H2
Outline the steps necessary to determine the number of moles of gallium chloride.
Step 1: start with the end in mind.
[ Choose ]
Step 2: cancel out the units from step 1.
[ Choose ]
Step 3: cancel out the units from step 2.
[ Choose ]
Step 4: multiply the top
[ Choose ]
Step 5: divide the top by the bottom.
Step 6: write your answer with the correct number of significant figures and correct
Step 1: Start with the end in mind - we want to determine the number of moles of gallium chloride.
Step 2: Cancel out the units from step 1 - we can use the balanced equation to convert the volume of the 1.44 M solution of HI to moles of GaCl2. Specifically, we need to use the stoichiometric ratio between HI and GaCl2, which is 6:2 or 3:1. This means that for every 3 moles of HI reacted, 1 mole of GaCl2 is produced.
Step 3: Cancel out the units from step 2 - we can convert the volume of the solution to moles of HI using the concentration (1.44 M).
Step 4: Multiply the top - we can use the following calculation to determine the number of moles of GaCl₂ produced:
(2.6 L) x (1.44 mol/L) x (1 mol GaCl2/3 mol HI) = 1.251 mol GaCl₂
Step 5: Divide the top by the bottom - we don't need to divide anything since we already have the final answer.
Step 6: Write your answer with the correct number of significant figures and correct units - the answer is 1.251 mol of GaCl₂. We should round this to 3 significant figures since the volume given in the problem only has 2 significant figures. So the final answer is 1.25 mol of GaCl₂.
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When the end product of protein hydrolysis enter the cytoplasm of a cell , they may become building blocks for the synthesis of
A) glycogen
B) starches
C) enzymes
D) lipids
Answer: C) enzymes
When the end product of protein hydrolysis enter the cytoplasm of a cell, they may become building blocks for the synthesis of enzymes
What is the heat released when 25g water is condensed at 100 C?
1017.5 Joules is the heat released when 25g water is condensed at 100 C.
When water is condensed, it changes from a gas to a liquid, releasing heat in the process. The amount of heat released can be calculated using the formula:
q = m * ΔH
where:
q = heat released (in Joules)
m = mass of water (in grams)
ΔH = heat of vaporization of water (in J/g)
The heat of vaporization of water at 100°C is 40.7 kJ/mol, or 40.7 J/g. Therefore, substituting the values in the formula, we get:
q = 25 g * 40.7 J/g
q = 1017.5 J
So the heat released when 25 g of water is condensed at 100°C is approximately 1017.5 Joules.
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The aldol condensation can also be catalysed by acid. Write the mechanism for the acid- catalysed condensation of acetophenone with benzaldehyde.
The mechanism is: Step 1: Protonation of carbonyl group, Step : Formation of enol intermediate, Step 3: Nucleophilic attack by benzaldehyde, Step 4: Proton transfer, Step 5: Rearrangement,
The overall reaction can be represented as: Acetophenone + Benzaldehyde → Aldol intermediate → α,β-unsaturated ketone + H₂O. The acid catalyst (such as HCl or H₂SO₄) protonates the carbonyl group of the acetophenone, making it more susceptible to nucleophilic attack by the benzaldehyde, then protonated acetophenone then loses a water molecule to form an enol intermediate. The enol intermediate acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl group of the benzaldehyde, forming a new carbon-carbon bond.
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Nitrogen gas, N2, is commonly used during samle preparation in chemical analysis to concentrate and reduce the volue of liquid samples. It can be prepared by the reaction between solid copper (III) oxide, CuO, and gaseous ammonia, NH3, at high temperatures. The other products of the reaction are solid copper, Cu, and water vapor. In an experiment, a reaction mixture containing 68.8 g CuO and 45.9 g NH3 and yields 4.25 g N2. Calculate the percent yield of the experiment.
Answer:
39.7%
Explanation:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
3CuO + 2NH3 → 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O
First, we need to calculate the theoretical yield of N2:
Molar mass of CuO = 79.55 g/mol
Molar mass of NH3 = 17.03 g/mol
Molar mass of N2 = 28.02 g/mol
Number of moles of CuO = 68.8 g / 79.55 g/mol = 0.865 mol
Number of moles of NH3 = 45.9 g / 17.03 g/mol = 2.695 mol
From the balanced equation, 3 moles of CuO react with 2 moles of NH3 to produce 1 mole of N2. Therefore, the number of moles of N2 produced should be:
(1 mol N2 / 3 mol CuO) x (0.865 mol CuO) x (2 mol NH3 / 3 mol CuO) = 0.383 mol N2
The theoretical yield of N2 is:
Theoretical yield = 0.383 mol x 28.02 g/mol = 10.73 g
The percent yield is:
Percent yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) x 100%
Percent yield = (4.25 g / 10.73 g) x 100%
Percent yield = 39.7%
Therefore, the percent yield of the experiment is 39.7%.
Hope this helps!
Calculate the percent by mass of the indicated element in the following compounds. Recall that 2 decimal places should be used for all molar masses, except for hydrogen.
a) CaH2: calcium =
b) UF4:: uranium =
c) C12H4Cl4O2: carbon =
hydrogen =
oxygen =
d) CaCO3: calcium =
Calculate the hydronium ion concentration, [H3O+]
, for a solution with a pH of 5.71
.
The hydronium ion concentration, [H₃O⁺], for a solution with a pH of 5.71 is 2.10 x 10⁻⁶ M.
The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydronium ion concentration, [H₃O⁺]. Therefore, we can use the pH value of 5.71 to calculate the hydronium ion concentration as follows:
pH = -log[H₃O⁺]
5.71 = -log[H₃O⁺]
log[H₃O⁺] = -5.71
[H₃O⁺] = -5.71 ÷ log
[H₃O⁺] = 2.10 x 10⁻⁶ M
The hydronium ion is formed when a water molecule accepts a proton (H⁺) from an acid. Low pH has a high concentration of hydronium ions and is considered acidic. Conversely, solutions with a high pH have a low concentration of hydronium ions and are considered basic.
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A piece of iron at 25 °C is dropped into a glass of water at 15 °C. Which statement is correct? (4 points)
a Heat will flow from the iron to the water in the glass until both reach the same temperature.
b Heat will flow from the water in the glass to the iron until both reach the same temperature.
c The final temperature of the water in the glass and the iron will be 25 °C.
d The final temperature of the water in the glass and the iron will be 15 °C.
Answer:
When a piece of iron that is 25 °C is dropped into water that is 15 °C, the heat from the iron will dissipate into the water until the temperature is the same by conduction. Thus, option A is correct.
What is conduction?
Conduction is the transfer of the dissipated energy from the hot iron metal at 25 °C to the water at a lower temperature. The heat or the energy molecules gets transferred from the region of high to lower temperature.
This occurs through the diffusion that allows the hot iron to release the energy from its body that diffuses and gets transferred to the water molecules that have a tempearture of 15 °C, which is lower than that of the iron.
Therefore, the piece of the iron loses its heat to the water till both have the same tempearture.
An engine cylinder contains 275ml of gas at a pressure of 1.50atm. As the engine runs, It compresses the cylinder
and reduces the volume of the gas to 23ml. What is the new pressure of the gas at this volume?
A. 374atm
B. 17.9atm
C. 99.3atm
D. 1.39atm
The new pressure of the gas at a volume of 23 mL is 17.9 atm
What is Ideal gas law?The fundamental equation in physics and chemistry, known as the ideal gas law, is crucial in describing the behavior of an ideal gas. This theoretical gas consists of numerous small particles that are constantly moving randomly without any interaction except for perfectly elastic collisions. The ideal gas law establishes a relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of particles present in an ideal gas. The equation is expressed as PV = nRT.
Equation:According to the ideal gas law, the pressure (P), volume (V), and number of moles (n) of a gas are related by the equation:
PV = nRT
where R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. Assuming that the number of moles of gas and the temperature remain constant during the compression process, we can write:
P1V1 = P2V2
Substituting the given values, we get:
P2 = P1V1/V2 = (1.50 atm)(275 mL)/(23 mL) = 17.9 atm
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Look at the situations below and determine which ones are examples of weathering. Select ALL that apply.
Wind blows rocks, sand, and dirt away
A river carries rocks and sand downstream,
Plant roots break rocks apart
Rain wears rocks down
Wind wears rocks down
Water dissolves limestone
Rainwater washes dirt and rock downhill
Weathering processes, both physical and chemical, break down rocks into smaller particles that mix with organic matter to form soil. Physical weathering, such as freeze-thaw cycles, root growth, and abrasion, mechanically break rocks into smaller fragments.
Chemical weathering, such as oxidation, dissolution, and hydrolysis, alters the mineral composition of rocks and releases nutrients for plant growth. The products of weathering, such as clay minerals and soluble salts, affect soil properties like texture, structure, porosity, and nutrient availability. Weathering also affects the pH of soil, which influences the solubility and availability of nutrients. Overall, weathering plays a critical role in soil formation and the availability of nutrients for plant growth.
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--The complete Question is, How does the process of weathering, such as the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks, affect the composition and properties of soil?--
If a less concentrated initial solution of sodium bicarbonate was used in beaker C, would that solution require more or less bicarbonate to neutralize the acid? Why?
If a less concentrated initial solution of sodium bicarbonate was used in beaker C, it would require more bicarbonate to neutralize the acid.
What is concentrated?Concentrated means something that has been increased in strength or power by reducing its volume. It can refer to a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than the original solution, a sound that is louder or stronger, or a force that is more powerful or intense. Concentrated can also refer to a person’s focus or attention on one particular thing, when their thoughts and energy are directed to a single point.
This is because the concentration of sodium bicarbonate determines how much of the acid can be neutralized by the solution. If the initial solution is less concentrated, then it will take more of the bicarbonate to neutralize the same amount of acid.
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find k given [S0₂ 2] =1.50 M, [O₂] = 1.25 M [SO₃] = 3.50 M 2 SO₂ + 1 O₂ ← →2 SO₃
The rate constant value for the given reaction is 1.8×10⁻⁵. The chemical kinetics rate law, which connects the molecular concentration of reactants with reaction rate
The chemical kinetics rate law, which connects the molecular concentration of reactants with reaction rate, uses the rate constant as a proportionality factor. The letter k in an equation designates it, which is also referred by the term the reaction constant of rate and reaction rate coefficient.
2SO[tex]_2[/tex](g) + O[tex]_2[/tex](g) →2SO[tex]_3[/tex](g)
Keq = [SO[tex]_3[/tex]]² / ([SO[tex]_2[/tex]]² [ O[tex]_2[/tex]])
= [3.50]² / ([1.50]² [ 1.25)
= 1.8×10⁻⁵
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What is the molarity of a KMnO4 solution if the endpoint was reached after pouring 20.55 mL of KMnO4 into 20.00 mL of H2C2O4 solution (conc = 0.0505 M)?
2 KMnO4 + 5 H2C2O4 + 3 H2SO4 → 2 MnSO4 + 10 CO2 + K2SO4 + 8 H2O
The molarity of the KMnO₄ solution is 0.0491 M.
To determine the molarity of the KMnO₄ solution, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to calculate the number of moles of KMnO₄ that reacted with the H₂C₂O₄ solution.
The number of moles of H₂C₂O₄ in the solution is:
n(H₂C₂O₄) = conc(H₂C₂O₄) x V(H₂C₂O₄)
= 0.0505 M x 0.020 L
= 0.00101 mol
The number of moles of KMnO₄ in the solution is:
n(KMnO₄) = (2/5) x n(H₂C₂O₄)
= (2/5) x 0.00101 mol
= 0.000404 mol
Assume that the number of moles of KMnO₄ in the solution is equal to the number of moles of H₂C₂O₄ in the solution:
n(KMnO₄) = n(H₂C₂O₄)
= 0.00101 mol
The volume of the KMnO₄ solution to calculate the molarity:
M(KMnO₄) = n(KMnO₄) / V(KMnO₄)
= 0.00101 mol / 0.02055 L
= 0.0491 M
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Please show all the work
1- How many grams are in 12.3 moles of Dinitrogen Pentoxide?
2-How many grams are in 2.7 moles of Iron (III) Nitrate? (Fe(NO3)3)
3- How many grams are in 0.16 moles of Sucrose? (C12H22011)
4- How many grams are in 0.87 moles of Potassium Iodide? (KI)
We haver the mass from the moles of each of the compounds below.
Number of moles1) Mass/Molar mass = number of moles
=Mass = Molar Mass * Molar Number
= 12.3 moles x g/mol 108
= 1328.4 g
2) Mass/Molar mass = number of moles
=Mass = Molar Mass * Molar Number
2.7 moles times 242 g/mol
= 653 g
3)) Molar mass divided by the number of moles
=Mass = Molar Mass * Molar Number
= 3.42 g/mol * 0.16 moles
= 54.72 g
4) Moles = mass / molecular mass
=Mass = Molar Mass * Molar Number
= 166 g/mol * 0.87 moles
= 144 g
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In Part A, we saw that the theoretical yield of aluminum oxide is 1.70 mol . Calculate the percent yield if the actual yield of aluminum oxide is 1.38 mol
Aluminum oxide has an 81.18% percent yield.
What is aluminum oxide?Aluminum and oxygen atoms combine to form the chemical compound known as aluminum oxide, commonly known as alumina, with the formula Al2O3. Corundum, emery, and bauxite are a few examples of the minerals that naturally contain it and are utilized extensively in industrial and commercial applications.
How do you determine it?The actual yield must be divided by the theoretical yield, then multiplied by 100% to determine the percent yield.
The formula for percent yield is as follows:
(actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%= Percentage yield
When we enter the supplied values, we obtain:
percent yield = (1.38 mol/1.70 mol) x 100% percent yield : 0.8118 x 100%
Percentage yield : 81.18%
As a result, aluminum oxide has an 81.18% percent yield.
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2C2H6 + 7O2 —> 4CO2 + 6H2O how many grams of oxygen react in order to produce 7.2 moles of carbon dioxide
Answer:
403.2 grams of oxygen
Explanation:
According to the balanced chemical equation, 2C2H6 + 7O2 —> 4CO2 + 6H2O, 4 moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) are produced for every 7 moles of oxygen (O2) that react. Therefore, if 7.2 moles of carbon dioxide are produced, the number of moles of oxygen that react is (7.2 moles CO2) * (7 moles O2 / 4 moles CO2) = 12.6 moles O2.
Since the molar mass of oxygen is approximately 32 g/mol, the mass of oxygen that reacts is (12.6 moles O2) * (32 g/mol) = 403.2 g. Therefore, 403.2 grams of oxygen react in order to produce 7.2 moles of carbon dioxide.
15kg of iron (lll) oxide was used in a reaction to produce iron.calculate the mass of iron produced in this reaction
10.50 kg of iron will be produced from 15 kg of iron (III) oxide.
What is mass?The amount of matter in an item is measured by its mass, which is a fundamental physical quantity. It is a scalar amount that is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g). Regardless of an object's location or the force pressing against it, its mass always remains constant.
How do you determine it?Iron (III) oxide and elemental iron react chemically in the following balanced chemical equation:
2 Fe2O3+ 3 C = 4 Fe + 3 CO2
Due to the reaction between 2 moles of Fe2O3 and 4 moles of Fe, the mole ratio of Fe2O3 to Fe is either 2:4 or 1:2.
The amount of iron created from 15 kg of Fe2O3 can be calculated using this mole ratio:
Fe2O3 = 2 moles of Fe per mole.
Fe2O3's molecular weight is 159.69 g/mol.
Fe2O3 has a mass of 15 kg and a density of 15,000 g/mol, or 94.00 moles.
We can figure out how many moles of Fe were produced using the mole ratio of 1:2:
We can figure out how many moles of Fe were produced using the mole ratio of 1:2:
2 moles of Fe for each mole of Fe2O3 94.00 moles of Fe2O3 multiplied by (2 moles of Fe for each mole of Fe2O3) results in 188.00 moles of Fe.
The molar mass of Fe can then be used to convert the moles of iron to mass as follows:
Fe's molecular weight is 55.85 g/mol.
188.00 moles of Fe produced at a rate of 55.85 g/mol result in a mass of 10,499.80 g or 10.50 kg.
Hence, 10.50 kg of iron will be produced from 15 kg of iron (III) oxide.
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If 7.50 g of ammonia hydroxide react, how many moles of ammonia will be produced?
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of ammonia hydroxide (NH4OH) producing ammonia (NH3) is:
NH4OH → NH3 + H2O
The equation shows that 1 mole of NH4OH produces 1 mole of NH3.
To determine the number of moles of NH3 produced from 7.50 g of NH4OH, we need to first calculate the molar mass of NH4OH:
NH4OH = 1 x 14.01 (atomic mass of N) + 4 x 1.01 (atomic mass of H) + 1 x 16.00 (atomic mass of O) = 35.05 g/mol
Next, we can use the following formula to calculate the number of moles:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles of NH4OH = 7.50 g / 35.05 g/mol = 0.214 mol
Since 1 mole of NH4OH produces 1 mole of NH3, the number of moles of NH3 produced is also 0.214 mol.
Therefore, 7.50 g of NH4OH produces 0.214 moles of NH3.
Please show all the work
1- How many grams are in 12.3 moles of Dinitrogen Pentoxide?
2-How many grams are in 2.7 moles of Iron (III) Nitrate? (Fe(NO3)3)
3- How many grams are in 0.16 moles of Sucrose? (C12H22011)
4- How many grams are in 0.87 moles of Potassium Iodide? (KI)
The number of grams in the specified moles for each compounds are;
1. Dinitrogen Pentoxide would be 1328.523 g
2. Iron (III) Nitrate = 653.076 g
3. Sucrose (C12H22O11) = 54.7744 g
4. Potassium Iodide (KI) = 144.42 g
How do we solve for the grams of each specified moles of compounds?1. The molar mass of N2O5 = (2 × atomic mass of N) + (5 × atomic mass of O)
(2×14.01 g/mol) + (5 × 16.00 g/mol)
= 28.01 g/mol + 80.00 g/mol
Molar mass of N2O5 = 108.01 g/mol
12.3 moles× 108.01 g/mol = 1328.523
2. The molar mass of Fe(NO3)3 = atomic mass of Fe + 3 × (atomic mass of N + 3 × atomic mass of O)
(55.85 g/mol) + 3 × (14.01 g/mol) + 3 × (16.00 g/mol))
Molar mass of Fe(NO3)3 = 241.88 g/mol
2.7 moles × 241.88 g/mol = 653.076 g
3. Sucrose (C12H22O11):
The molar mass of C12H22O11 = (12×atomic mass of C) + (22×atomic mass of H) + (11 × atomic mass of O)
= (12×12.01 g/mol) + (22 × 1.01 g/mol) + (11 × 16.00 g/mol)
= 144.12 g/mol + 22.22 g/mol + 176.00 g/mol
= 342.34 g/mol
0.16 moles × 342.30 g/mol = 54.7744 g
4. Potassium Iodide (KI):
The molar mass of KI = atomic mass of K + atomic mass of I
= (39.10 g/mol) + (126.90 g/mol)
= 166.00 g/mol
So, 0.87 moles of KI = 0.87 moles × 166.00 g/mol = 144.42 grams
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Reviewing Main Ideas
1. What is meant by reaction mechanism?
2. What factors determine whether a molecular collision produces a reaction?
3. What is activation energy?
4. What is an activated complex?
5. How is activation energy related to the energy of reaction?
6. What is the difference between an activated complex and an intermediate?
7. Explain why, even though a collision may have energy in excess of the activation energy, a reac- tion may not occur. Critical Thinking
8. ANALYZING INFORMATION Which corresponds to the faster rate: a mechanism with a small activation energy or one with a large activation energy? Explain your answer.
A reaction mechanism is a detailed explanation of the steps involved in a chemical reaction. As a result of the reaction, intermediates, transition states, and products are produced.
The least amount of energy required for a reaction to take place is called activation energy. An intermediate state in a reaction where the reactants have sufficient energy to generate a reaction product is known as an activated complex
. Because the activation energy is the quantity of energy required to break down the energy barrier separating the reactants and the products, it is connected to the energy of reaction
Even though a collision has more energy than the activation energy, a reaction might not happen because the reactants need to be in the right orientation and at the right distance for a reaction product to develop.
Because it takes less energy to break through the energy barrier separating the reactants and the products, the mechanism with the lower activation energy will operate at a quicker rate.
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A reaction mechanism is a detailed explanation of the steps involved in a chemical reaction. As a result of the reaction, intermediates, transition states, and products are produced.
The least amount of energy required for a reaction to take place is called activation energy. An intermediate state in a reaction where the reactants have sufficient energy to generate a reaction product is known as an activated complex
. Because the activation energy is the quantity of energy required to break down the energy barrier separating the reactants and the products, it is connected to the energy of reaction
Even though a collision has more energy than the activation energy, a reaction might not happen because the reactants need to be in the right orientation and at the right distance for a reaction product to develop.
Because it takes less energy to break through the energy barrier separating the reactants and the products, the mechanism with the lower activation energy will operate at a quicker rate.
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molarity of 74.6 g C₂H6O in 2.36 L of solution
The molarity of a solution containing 74.6 g of C2H6O in 2.36 L of solution is 0.685 M.
To calculate the molarity of a solutionWe need to know the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters.
First, let's calculate the number of moles of C2H6O:
Molar mass of C2H6O = (2 x atomic mass of C) + (6 x atomic mass of H) + (1 x atomic mass of O)
= (2 x 12.01 g/mol) + (6 x 1.01 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol)
= 46.07 g/mol
Number of moles of C2H6O = mass of C2H6O / molar mass of C2H6O
= 74.6 g / 46.07 g/mol
= 1.618 moles
Now, let's calculate the molarity of the solution:
Molarity = number of moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
= 1.618 moles / 2.36 L
= 0.685 M
Therefore, the molarity of a solution containing 74.6 g of C2H6O in 2.36 L of solution is 0.685 M.
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Determine the pH of a 3.4x10^-6 M solution of HNO3
Answer: pH of the solution is 5.47
Explanation: Since HNO3 is a strong acid the concentration of H+ is the same as NO3- only because they are in 1-to-1 ratio. Both ions will have 3.4 x 10^-6 M.
The formula of pH is: pH = -log( the equilibrium concentration of H+ )
When you plug in the concentration of H+:
pH = -log (3.4 x 10^.6 M)
pH = 5.47
Remember: Only the digits after the decimal point are significant figures in logarithms.
For example: 5.47 only has 2 significant figures.
Identify the term associated with each description about ionic solutions.
Can use the term more than once
- Activity coefficient
- Activity
-Ionic Strength
Concentration of species capable of effective interactions_______
Correction factor applied to concentrations based on the ionic strength of the solution____
Approaches unity for very dilute solutions______
An increased value decreases the effective interactions of species in solution_____
Represents the concentration of all ions present in solution______
Concentration of species capable of effective interactions: Ionic Strength
Correction factor applied to concentrations based on the ionic strength of the solution: Activity coefficient.
What is a coefficient ?Coefficient is a numerical or constant quantity that is placed in front of a variable or term. The term "coefficient" comes from the Latin word "coefficiente which means "a joint or mutual agreement."
In algebra, coefficients are used to represent the relative size or weight of a variable or term. For example, in the expression 3x + 2y, the coefficients are 3 and 2, which indicate that the variable x has a weight of 3 and the variable y has a weight of 2.
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In which set of apparatus A-D in the figure would the metal key be electroplated with copper?
Answer:
the answer is the option C
5g of Zinc is reacted with excess hydrochloric acid. The equation for the reaction is:
Zn + HCI -> ZnCl2 + H₂
a. Balance this chemical equation then write down Ar, Mr and Given mass.
b. Calculate the mass of zinc chloride formed
c. Calculate the volume of hydrogen gas produced
Given: Zn = 65, H = 1, C1 = 35.5, 2g of H2 has 22.4L
A. The balanced equation is: Zn + 2HCI -> ZnCl₂ + H₂
B. The mass of zinc chloride formed is 10.43 g
C. The volume of hydrogen gas produced is 1.68 L
B. How do i determine the mass zinc chloride formed?First, we shall write the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:
Zn + 2HCI -> ZnCl₂ + H₂
Now, we shall determine the mass of zinc chloride, ZnCl₂ formed. Details below:
Zn + 2HCI -> ZnCl₂ + H₂
Molar mass of Zn = 65.38 g/molMass of Zn from the balanced equation = 1 × 65.38 = 65.38 g Molar mass of ZnCl₂ = 136.38 g/molMass of ZnCl₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 136.38 = 136.38 gFrom the balanced equation above,
65.38 g of Zn reacted to produce 136.38 g of ZnCl₂
Therefore,
5 g of Zn will react to produce = (5 × 136.38) / 65.38 = 10.43 g of ZnCl₂
Thus, the mass of ZnCl₂ formed is 10.43 g
C. How do i determine the volume of hydrogen gas produced?First, we shall obtain the mass of hydrogen gas produced. Details below:
Zn + 2HCI -> ZnCl₂ + H₂
Molar mass of Zn = 65.38 g/molMass of Zn from the balanced equation = 1 × 65.38 = 65.38 g Molar mass of H₂ = 2 g/molMass of H₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 2 = 2 gFrom the balanced equation above,
65.38 g of Zn reacted to produce 2 g of H₂
Therefore,
5 g of Zn will react to produce = (5 × 2) / 65.38 = 0.15 g of H₂
Finally, we shall determine the volume of H₂ produced. Details below:
2 g of H₂ = 22.4 L
Therefore
0.15 g of H₂ = (0.15 g × 22.4 L) / 2 g
0.15 g of H₂ = 1.68 L
Thus, the volume of H₂ produced is 1.68 L
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Find the pressure of the gas
Please!!
Answer:
Gas pressure= 766.4 mmHg
Explanation:
Gas pressure greater than atmospheric pressure = Atmospheric pressure + height
750.0 mmHg + 26.4 cm = 766.4 mmHg