Covariation, temporal precedence, and control over "third variables" are the three prerequisites for causality. The latter include different theories to account for the detected causal link.
What are the three criteria for determining Covariation?
You must demonstrate three things in order to establish causality: that X occurred before Y; that the observed association between X and Y wasn't the result of pure chance; and that there is no other explanation for the relationship between X and Y.What are the three requirements for internal validity inference?
Three conditions must be met in order for a causal inference to be considered valid: the "cause" must occur before the "effect" in time (temporal precedence); the "cause" and the "effect" tend to occur together; and there must be no convincing alternate explanations for the observed covariation (nonspuriousness).
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Which phrase best completes the diagram?
Benefits of Trade Barriers
Ensure self-reliance
Keep workers employed
?
A. Prevent retaliatory trade barriers
B. Promote domestic industries
O C. Increase economic efficiency
O D. Increase consumer choice
Answer: B
Explanation: just got it right on the quiz!!!
jordan bought a bond that pay $40 annual payment and that paid 4% interest (the rate of interest he will earn if the bond matures). ten years later, he received $1,000. the market value of this bond is?
He received $1,000 in response to the query, thus this bond has a market worth of $1,000.
What exactly is a market, then?The entire number of buyers in the region or neighborhood under consideration is referred to as the market. The region might be the whole world, a nation, a state, or a city. The value, cost, and charge of traded goods depend on the market's availability and demand dynamics.
Briefing:Rate = 4% = 0.04%
Nper = 10
Pmt = -40
Fv = -1000
Returns the investment's present value, or how much a sequence of cash flows is now worth.
Payment at the start of the period's payment type is 1; category is a logical value.
Periodic payment is missing or equals zero.
Formula outcome: $1000
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the set of efficient points is best described as a.only area i: points inside the ppf. b.area i: inside the ppf and points on the ppf. c.area o: outside the ppf and points on the ppf. d.only area o: points outside the production possibilities frontier (ppf). e.only points on the ppf
The set of efficient points is best described as points on the PPF.
What is production possibility frontier?
The production possibility frontier (PPF) is a curve on a graph that depicts the potential output of two goods whose production is dependent on the same limited resource. Another name for the PPF is the production possibility curve. PPF is important in economics as well.
How is the production possibility frontier determined?
Create a column in the spreadsheet for each of the two variables you want to compare in order to compute the production possibility frontier. Each row will have values that form a data set that can be compared to determine production possibility values after the columns have been filled with the values for each variable.
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The set of efficient points is best described as points on the PPF.
What is the border of production possibility?The production possibility frontier (PPF) is a graphed curve that shows the possible output of two items whose production is reliant on a single finite resource. The PPF is often referred to as the production possibility curve. PPF also has a significant role in economics.
What determines the production possibility frontier?To calculate the production possibility frontier, make a column in the spreadsheet for each of the two variables you wish to compare. After the values for each variable have been entered into the columns, each row will have values that make up a data set that can be compared to determine production potential values.
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1. Identify the true statement regarding budgets: A. The most common length of time for a budget is 18 months. B. The budget development process for the coming year usually starts several weeks before the current year-end. C. Another term for the bottom-up budget development approach is "participative budgeting". D. The majority of small businesses (500 employees or less) do prepare annual budgets.
2. Master budgets: A. Contains two classes of budgets-operating and financial budgets. B. Is a set of interrelated individual budgets that constitute a plan of action for a specified time period. C. The term "budget" is actually a shorthand term for a company's "master budget. D. All of the above statements are true regarding master budgets.
3. Identify the item that would not appear on a cash budget: A. Income tax expense B. Depreciation expense C. Payments for material purchases D. Cash dividends
4. Identify the false statement regarding the production budget: A. A realistic estimate of ending inventory is essential in scheduling production requirements. B. Will show the number of units of a product to produce in order to meet anticipated sales. C. Is prepared before the Selling and Administrative Expense Budget. D. Is calculated by taking the Budgeted COGS + Desired Ending Finished Goods Units - Beginning Finished Goods Units.
5. A company reports the following information from its sales account and sales budget: Sales May June $852,000 47,000 Expected Sales: July August September 845,000 55,000 60,000 Cash sales are normally 30% of total sales and all credit sales are expected to be collected in the month following the date of sale. The total amount of cash expected to be received from customers in September is: A. $56,500 B. $60,000 C. $55,000 D. $58,500
1- Another term for the bottom-up budget development approach is "participative budgeting" is the true statement.2-master budget contains all of the following.3-Depreciation expense would not appear on a cash budget.4 . A realistic estimate of ending inventory is essential in scheduling production requirements is a false statement
A budget is a financial document that is used to forecast future earnings and expenses. Simply put, a budget anticipates future savings and spending as well as anticipated income and expenses. The master budget will show all of the details of the company's income-generating actions via the operating budget, along with a revenue and expense breakdown. It will also show cash inflows and outflows from the cash flow statement, as well as estimates of what will appear on the balance sheet at the end of the fiscal period. A master budget combines all of your company's smaller budgets into one overall budget, allowing you to get a complete picture of your company's finances.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the reporting of outside interests and the management of conflicts?
Investigators must disclose their significant financial interests related to their institutional responsibilities and not just those related to a particular project.
What is the management of conflicts?Generally, Conflict management refers to the process of effectively dealing with and resolving conflicts in a positive manner.
Conflicts can arise in personal relationships, within organizations, and in society as a whole. There are several strategies for managing conflicts, including the following:
Avoiding the conflict: This involves avoiding the situation or people that are causing the conflict.Competing: This involves trying to win or dominate the conflict.Read more about management of conflicts
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CQ not found
What is the difference between bank and banking?
Safeguarding other people's money is a part of the banking business. Interest is earned when banks lend this money, which is advantageous to both the bank and its customers. A bank is a type of financial organization that is authorized to accept deposits and offer loans. They might, however, also provide extra financial services.
187 nations control the World Bank, a global institution for development. Its purpose is to eradicate poverty by providing financial assistance to the governments of its less wealthy members in order to boost their economies and raise the standard of life for their citizens. Cash, credit, and other financial transactions are handled for both enterprises and private customers by the banking sector. Banking is one of the key drivers of the American economy, which offers the liquidity needed for individuals and companies to make future investments. The word bank gives the learner access to the essential vocabulary and aids in the development of vocabulary at the instructional level as well as spelling and writing. The academic material or core content may contain a word bank incorporated within it.
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How do you keep track of work tasks for a team?
Following the Tasks app's addition to Teams, you will see: It consists of the majority of the items from your To Do app, including the tasks you've added in To Do and Outlook and those that Planner has given you.
How do you track the progress of your teams?One of the most often used techniques for tracking the development of your project is the Gantt chart. It provides members of the team and task managers with a real-time graphic display of growth. Gantt charts also make it much simpler to comprehend how duties are related.
Can tasks in teams be automated?Automate everything — alerts, messages, and more — excluding leaving Teams. Combine and automate all the approval process used among your team.
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PM Industries has two service departments (Administration and Maintenance) and two operating departments. Departmental costs before allocations are $950,000 for Administration and $1,650,000 for Maintenance. Maintenance costs are allocated on the basis of the number of LPM employees. Administration has 450 employees; Maintenance has 750 employees; Operating Department 1 has 1,350 employees and Operating Department 2 has 1,200 employees. Using the step-down method, how much of the cost from the Maintenance Department will be allocated to Administration
Answer:
The answer is " 873,529.412"
Explanation:
Following are the equation which the administration would be responsible for the costs of the maintenance departments:
[tex]\to 1,650,000 \times \frac{1,350}{(1,350+1,200)}\\\\\to 1,650,000 \times \frac{1,350}{2,550}\\\\\to 1,650,000 \times \frac{135}{255}\\\\\to 1,650,000 \times \frac{27}{51}\\\\\to 1,650,000 \times \frac{9}{17}\\\\\to \frac{14,850,000}{17}\\\\\to 873,529.412[/tex]
Under what circumstances can a CPA accept a commission under the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct?
Under the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct, a CPA may accept a commission only if the CPA is not in a position to use confidential information obtained in the course of the professional service in order to obtain the commission.
Furthermore, the commission must be reasonable and not be contingent upon the attainment of a specific result. The CPA must disclose to the client any potential conflicts of interest that could arise from accepting the commission. Additionally, the CPA must not participate in any activity that would constitute a violation of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct. Finally, the CPA must obtain the client’s informed consent prior to accepting the commission.
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Janice and Shunil are both senior software analysts. They have worked together on projects OF Six years and get along great. Janice is pregnant and anticipating the arrival of her first child and she is not willing to work full time. Shunil would like to experiment with opening his own business as a home media installation consultant and doss not want to continue to work full me. They both need some income. Which of the following alternative job structures would be best for Janice and Shunil?
A) A job enlargement
B) telecommuting
C) job rotation
D) job sharing
E) job enrichment
Answer:
The appropriate response is Option D (Job sharing).
Explanation:
Only by seeking less time can Janice as well as Shunil partake throughout the sharing of jobs, which further enables conventional forty-hour-a-week employment to have been shared between multiple individuals.The remaining structural solutions were indeed obligations still forty hours each week.Additional options are not connected with the situation. Thus the answer above is correct.
help pls!!!
Amy earns an annual salary of $68,500 and is paid bi-weekly. She is in the
22% Federal Income Tax Bracket and lives in a state with a 4.5% State
Income Tax. How much in Federal Income Tax is Amy paying per paycheck?
a)$256.88
b)$579.62
c)$627.92
d)$1,255.83
Answer:
The correct answer is B. $579.62.
Explanation:
Given that Amy earns an annual salary of $ 68,500 and is paid bi-weekly, and she is in the 22% Federal Income Tax Bracket and lives in a state with a 4.5% State Income Tax, to determine how much in Federal Income Tax is Amy paying per paycheck, the following calculation must be performed:
Every year has 52 weeks, that is, 26 bi-weeks (56/2).
(68,500 / 26) x 0.22 = X
2,634.61 x 0.22 = X
579.6153 = X
Thus, Amy is paying $ 579.62 in Federal Income Tax per paycheck.
1. Explain how digital staffing dashboards help managers monitor and improve the staffing process.
2. What is the difference between direct and indirect staffing costs? Provide two examples of each.
Digital staffing dashboard combines the information of the staff from all the departments and provide a performance analysis on the board so that everyone can see them. The managers can use this information to know the performing levels of the current staff and where they need to improve.
To function effectively and generate a profit, business managers direct the labor of others. They should have a working understanding of the following fields, and they could be experts in one or more of them: marketing, public relations, and finance.
Law, science, and computer programming are among further technical fields in which a corporate manager may be knowledgeable. Business managers occasionally even have control over human resources. The position may be created in many firms in order to free up the owner to concentrate on particular facets of business expansion.
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Roy Sartore has been hired to oversee all of the plans that the city of Denver has created to expand its train transportation system by adding six more lines to the metro area. Roy will be responsible for planning the project, managing the processes, and finalizing each new line as it is completed. How would you categorize the majority of the decisions Roy will have to make to complete his job?
Answer:
Semistructured decisions
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed about Roy Sartore who has been hired to oversee all of the plans that the city of Denver has created to expand its train transportation system by adding six more lines to the metro area. Roy will be responsible for planning the project, managing the processes, and finalizing each new line as it is completed. In this case, the majority of the decisions Roy will have to make to complete his job would be categorized as Semistructured decisions. A semi-structured decision can be regarded as type of decision whereby most of the factors that is required to make the decision are been known, though human experience as well as other outside factors can still play a role in the decision making. Another instance of this semi-structured decision making is when diagnosing a medical condition.
How much is $1 US in Canada?
Currency Converter: 1 US $ = 1.3681 Canadian Dollar; Dollars (Usa) to Canadian Dollars Exchange Rate History.
Why is CAD currently so weak?This widens the difference between the currencies of the two nations because it is greater than what the Bank de Canada was predicted to set rates. According to Bipan Rai, a foreign exchange expert with CIBC, "the reason for the declining Canadian dollar was core inflation risk that we're witnessing in the U.S."
In 2023, will the Canadian dollar increase?According to Abbey Omodunbi, senior economist just At PNC Financial, "our projection for a weaker (U.S.) dollar in 2023 versus major currencies, even as Fed switches gears and telegraphs and end to its tightening cycle, should strengthen the Canadian currency."
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30 points please help!
Which of the following are NOT considered employment taxes?
a. real estate taxes
b. social security taxes
c. self-employment taxes
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Social Security is Payroll Tax.
QUESTION 7 of 10: You can hire someone without experience for $13 per hour or someone with experience for $19 per hour. You believe the
experienced person increases the sales per customer by $3. Each person handles about 12 customers per hour. Should you hire the
experienced person?
a) Yes
b) No
Answer: Yes
Explanation: I took the quiz
You can hire someone without experience for $13 per hour or someone with experience for $19 per hour. You believe the experienced person increases the sales per customer by $3. Each person handles about 12 customers per hour. Yes, I hire the experienced person. Thus option (A) is correct.
What is sales?A transaction between the buyer and the seller in which the seller sells intangible or tangible goods, assets, or services against money is known as a sale. Sale is done between two or more parties.
Any activity that involves transferring the ownership of a good or commodity to the buyer in exchange for a monetary price is known as a sale.
You can hire someone without experience for $13 per hour or someone with experience for $19 per hour. You believe the experienced person increases the sales per customer by $3. Each person handles about 12 customers per hour. Yes, I hire the experienced person. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
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Medicare spending has increased as a result of:
a) The shift of treatment of patients to acute care settings
b) Growth in technology
c) Advances in the pharmaceutical idustry
d) Increasing costs of medical malpractice
e) B, C, and D above
Medicare spending has increased as a result of B, C, and D above. Thus the correct option is E.
What is Medicare spending?By comparing facility efficiency to that of the nationwide median hospital, the Medicare Spending Means Measure assesses hospital performance. The U.S. government provides funding for Medicare, a national health insurance program.
The aged and some small children with disabilities are cared for through medicare. The growth of the American population, growing population, and higher expenses per recipient have all contributed to an increase in overall Medicare spending.
Millions of workers are employed owing to the money given out by the program, and the billions of dollars in taxes collected from their wages. Therefore, option E is appropriate.
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locate your state and list its insurance requirements. what does each of those requirements mean?
In New York, it is mandatory for all drivers to carry car insurance with minimum liability limits of 25/50/10 and a variety of other coverages. This comprises: $25,000 for each person's physical harm. $50,000 in physical harm per incident.
What are the insurance necessities?
The section of a business contract known as the insurance requirements outlines the types and minimum quantities of insurance that the parties undertake to supply in connection with their performance of the agreement.What does 4 + 8 in insurance mean?
The non-guaranteed returns, however, are uncertain because they represent the expected investment rate of return based on the assumptions of an investment return of 4% and 8% annually.
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Exercise 8-7 At December 31, 2018, Concord Corporation Company had a credit balance of $18,800 in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. During 2019, Concord Corporation wrote off accounts totaling $13,500. One of those accounts ($3,500) was later collected. At December 31, 2019, an aging schedule indicated that the balance in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts should be $30,700. Prepare journal entries to record the 2019 transactions of Concord Corporation Company. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Answer:
Dr Allowance $13,500
Cr Accounts Recivable $13,500
Dr Accounts Recivable $3,500
Cr Allow ance $3,500
Dr Cash $3,500
Cr Accounts Rec $3,500
Dr Bad Debts Expense $21,900
Cr Allowance $21,900
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries to record the 2019 transactions of Concord Corporation Company
Dr Allowance $13,500
Cr Accounts Recivable $13,500
(To record amount written off)
Dr Accounts Recivable $3,500
Cr Allow ance $3,500
(To reverse write-off)
Dr Cash $3,500
Cr Accounts Rec $3,500
(To record collection of writeoff)
Dr Bad Debts Expense $21,900
Cr Allowance $21,900
[$30,700-($18,800-$13,500+$3,500)]
How do you groom a backlog?
Backlog refinement (formerly regarded as backlog grooming) is when the product owner and some, or all, of the relaxation of the group review items on the backlog to make certain the backlog carries the fabulous items, that they are prioritized, and that the gadgets at the pinnacle of the backlog are prepared for delivery.
How can I make my backlog grooming better?Backlog Grooming Best Practices You Need to Know
Eliminating person tales that are no longer relevant or needed.Developing and including new consumer testimonies based on altering consumer needs.Reprioritizing consumer tales for the next sprint.Providing estimates for stories.How often ought to you groom backlog?A backlog grooming session ought to ideally take area at least as soon as each sprint. If you're running a fortnightly dash cycle this ability at least 1 backlog grooming session per sprint.
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Mathematical and statistical techniques are the two main categories of quantitative management methods.
What is quantitative management?Computers and mathematical methods are used in quantitative management to sort through financial statistics and choose stocks. Managers use previous quantitative linkages they have observed to inform "models" that aid in stock selection.
Screening is the process of examining historical information on businesses using a computer. A quantitative manager may develop a program to screen 2,000 stocks based on a specific set of traits or criteria.
The manager might prove, for instance, that historically, stocks with low price-to-earnings ratios and rapid earnings growth during the previous two years outperformed the market the following year.
The simplicity of using a model once it is established is the obvious advantage. Given the constantly shifting landscape of the financial markets, developing the model is the challenging aspect.
It might be challenging to incorporate enough adaptability into a model in quantitative management without adding too many additional variables.
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Question 7 of 10
Which of the following tells you what your gross and net income was for a
particular pay period?
A. W-4 form
B. Pay check
C. Tax return
D. Pay stub
Answer:
d. pay stub
Explanation:
Pay stub tells you what your gross and net income was for a particular pay period. The appropriate response is option D.
What is Pay stub?An employer's pay stub is a record that lists an employee's gross pay, deductions from that pay, and net compensation. Paychecks are produced together with pay stubs.
Employees get a pay stub along with their paycheck that contains information about their gross pay, deductions made from it, and final net pay. Pay stubs should include information on tax deductions, health insurance premiums, and retirement contributions.
Your company will provide you with a non-binding pay stub that details your gross pay, benefits received, and net pay. Lenders, prospective employers, and other organizations utilize it to comprehend your earnings.
The appropriate response is option D.
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What are the main reason for slow growth of economy?
There are many potential reasons for a weak economy,from domestic political factors to world market conditions.
Both sales and profit margins are declining, according to the National association for business economics.Regardless of the immediate causes, high levels of unemployment,debt,or inflation can cause economic weakness by reducing consumer discretionary spending draw more attention is the decline in revenue, as it could indicate that the Federal Reserve's interest rate policy is rapidly slowing the economy.The four main factors of economic growth are land,labor,capital,and entrepreneurship. A recession can be defined as a sustained period of weak or negative real GDP output growth that is accompanied by a significant increase in the unemployment rate.Many other indicators of economic activity are also weak during a recession.A major contributor to this divergence has been the ultra-loose monetary policy that was supposed to flood financial markets with liquidity.
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Marketers conduct marketing research primarily to Multiple Choice create a new budget and financial plan. reduce risk and improve marketing decisions. implement a marketing plan. choose a market-entry strategy. track the actions of competitors. Though it is less risky than the introduction of other types of new products and may add new customers, a also has the twin dangers of increasing expenses and cannibalizing current products. Multiple Choice brand extension relevant extension marketing scam product line extension radical invention
The reason why marketers conduct marketing research is primarily to B. reduce risk and improve marketing decisions.
Though it is less risky than the introduction of other types of new products and may add new customers, a c. marketing scam also has the twin dangers of increasing expenses and cannibalizing current products.
Why do marketers conduct market research ?You might find new, underserved markets by conducting market research. For instance, you can spot shifting market patterns brought on by new house building, higher education levels, or other changes that will open up new company chances.
Not only do new startups need market research. Market research is useful for companies of all types, sizes, and degrees of experience, regardless of their industries or scope. You may discover more about potential and current customers through market research, spot difficulties and concerns, and even look for fresh chances that will help your firm expand.
In order to A. lessen risk and B. enhance marketing decisions, marketers perform marketing research.
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40% of sales at supermarkets in the carry the stores' own brand names. 20% of all supermarket sales in carry the stores' own brand names. And in the United States, 14% carry the stores' own brand names. These stores use a __________ strategy to sell other manufacturers' products with their own brand names. generic branding multibranding co-branding private branding multiproduct branding
Answer:
Private branding
Explanation:
Private branding is defined as the strategy used by mostly retail stores where they put their own brand on products that they sell. It is used on wide variety of products sold by retailers from cosmetics to food.
They are also called store brands or own brands.
In the given scenario the stores are selling other manufacturers' products with their own brand names. This is private branding
what is a primary disadvantage of the dividend growth model compared to the capital asset pricing model for estimatinng the cost of equity
The simplicity of the dividend growth model approach to estimating the cost of equity is one of its primary benefits. The dividend growth model approach lacks explicit risk consideration, which is a drawback.
What drawbacks does the dividend growth model have?Limitations of the Dividend Growth Model One of the model's flaws is the assumption that the growth rate will always remain stable. The assumption of stability is violated because the company's earnings fluctuate. Therefore, the model cannot be utilized effectively because of the earnings fluctuations.
When attempting to estimate the cost of equity, what drawbacks do dividend models present?The dividend discount model (DDM) has some drawbacks, such as the difficulty of making accurate projections, the fact that it does not take into account buybacks, and the fundamental assumption that income comes solely from dividends.
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How do APR fees work?
APR fees are the additional costs incurred when getting a mortgage loan. The APR reflects the annual cost of the loan, including the interest rate plus other charges.
The time period annual percentage rate of charge (APR),corresponding on occasion to a nominal APR and from time to time to an powerful APR (EAPR), is the hobby price for a whole 12 months (annualized), instead of only a month-to-month charge/fee, as carried out on a mortgage, mortgage loan, credit score card, and many others. it's far a finance charge expressed as an annual rate. those terms have formal, criminal definitions in a few international locations or criminal jurisdictions, but inside the u.s.a.:
The nominal APR is the simple-interest rate (for a 12 months).The effective APR is the fee+compound hobby price (calculated throughout a 12 months).In some areas, the annual percentage charge (APR) is the simplified counterpart to the powerful hobby charge that the borrower pays on a loan. In many countries and jurisdictions, lenders (which includes banks) are required to disclose the "fee" of borrowing in some standardized way as a shape of client safety. The (powerful) APR has been meant to make it less difficult to examine creditors and mortgage alternatives.
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What are the IRB standards?
An IRB is a properly constituted organization that has been officially established to examine and oversee biomedical research involving human participants in accordance with FDA standards.
What are the IRB's main responsibilities?The welfare, rights, and privacy of human subjects are protected by the IRB. As defined by both federal regulations and institutional policy, the IRB has the power to approve, exempt, disapprove, monitor, and demand revisions in all research activities that come under its purview.
How does the IRB safeguard human experimenters?Before individuals can be enrolled in a study, institutional review boards (IRBs) are required by law to examine research involving human beings to make sure that the proposed protocol complies with the relevant ethical standards.
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Explain 5 factors to be considered by a business when choosing a means of communication
Speed/ urgency/ time - more urgent message will require a faster means
Cost/ affordability - one will choose a means that will be affordable
Secrecy/ confidentiality- confidential; messages require appropriate means
Distance/ destination short distances require simple means
Evidence/ reference/ record - when require simple means
Reliability- means used should ensure that message reaches its destination
Accuracy- method used should not distort the message
Impression/effectiveness- method used should meet the desired impression/effect
Recipient literacy/ language/status of recipient
Availability- one should go for a means that is available
Lengthy/ nature/detailed message- long message require written communication
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Answer: 1. Nature of Message ( Urgent message requires faster transmission, the general message can be postponed/delayed)
2. Cost (choosing the mode of communication depends upon the budget allocated by the business)
3. Audience ( i.e. the receiver- any specific officer of the company, employees or the general public, the language and length of the message as well as the communication channel varies accordingly)
4. Distance (longer distance requires extensive means while shorter distance can be covered by simple ones)
5. Scale of Organisation (large scale business has streamlined well defined means of communication whereas small scale business does not have enough resources for it)
SpandoCorp is a diversified firm that makes industrial, military and consumer products from Spandex. SpandoCorp manages each of the businesses that it operates in as a separate division and treats each as a true profit-and-loss center. In this organization, Grace McKenna is responsible for deciding which set of businesses SpandoCorp will operate in and for encouraging behavior that is consistent with this strategy, Wells Tucker provides information to McKenna about the internal and external environments that she uses in her decision making, and Kelly Rae is one of the individuals who is responsible for evaluating the firm's decision making to ensure that it is consistent with the interests if equity holders.
Which organizational structure is SpandoCorp using?
Answer: M-Form or multi-dimensional structure.
Explanation:
Based on the information given, the organizational structure thatt SpandoCorp is using a M-Form structure.
A multidivisional or M-Form structure, is a structure whereby there's one parent company which is made up of several divisions that each operate separate businesses.
Even though all the divisions are owned by the parent company, the divisions are allowed to act independently.