Unique ID's do not
change in the
database if a
record is deleted.

False Or True

In C++, the std::string class has built-in comparison operators, including > and <. When comparing two strings using these operators, the strings are compared lexicographically based on their dictionary-sorted order.

This means that each character in the string is compared to its corresponding character in the other string, starting from the leftmost position, until a difference is found. The string whose first different character has a lower ASCII value is considered smaller than the other string. If the strings have the same characters up to a certain point, but one string is longer than the other, the longer string is considered greater. Therefore, the comparison of > and < for std::string takes into account both the dictionary-sorted order and the length of the string to determine a boolean value.

Learn more about dictionary here-

https://brainly.com/question/1199071

#SPJ11

Answer:False

Explanation:The software that copies itself is classified as malware

True, In a database table, the primary key is a column or a set of columns that uniquely identifies each record (row) in the table. Therefore, if a primary key is not unique for each ID entered in the INSERT command, the database management system will not allow the record to be inserted and will display an error message.

In a database table, a primary key is a column or a set of columns that uniquely identifies each record (row) in the table. It is used to enforce data integrity and to provide a way to access and manipulate data in a table.

When inserting a new record into a table, if the primary key value is not unique, it will violate the uniqueness constraint of the primary key and the database management system will not allow the record to be inserted. In this case, the system will display an error message indicating that the primary key constraint has been violated.

For example, suppose we have a table named "Customers" with a primary key column named "CustomerID". If we try to insert a new record with a "CustomerID" value that already exists in the table, the system will display an error message and the record will not be inserted.

Therefore, it is important to ensure that the primary key values are unique for each record in the table to avoid data inconsistencies and to maintain data integrity.

To know more about database please refer:

https://brainly.com/question/30634903

#SPJ11

Answer:

100010 ⇒ 34

Explanation:

To solve this you first need to convert each individual number to binary

Each digit in a binary number represents a power of 2.

[tex]2^5 + 2^4 + 2^3 + 2^2 + 2^1 + 2^0[/tex]

So lets say you have: 010111 (which is the same as 10111)

That is like saying [tex]0*2^5 +1*2^4+0*2^3+1*2^2+1*2^1+1*2^0[/tex], this is equal to 23.

By repeating the same process for 1011,  we get that this is equal to 11

11 + 23 = 34

When the given SQL query is executed, it will return a listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries, along with a count of the number of deliveries.

The SQL query provided includes two clauses - GROUP BY and HAVING - in addition to the SELECT statement. The GROUP BY clause is used to group the deliveries based on driver_no, while the HAVING clause is used to filter out any groups that don't meet the condition of having a count of deliveries greater than 2. Finally, the SELECT statement selects driver_no and count(*) as num_deliveries for the remaining groups.

When the query is executed, it will return a listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries, along with a count of the number of deliveries. Essentially, this query is useful when there is a need to identify drivers who have made more than 2 deliveries. This can be helpful when it comes to tracking the performance of drivers, identifying those who are the most efficient, and even for allocating resources and planning future deliveries.

Overall, the SQL query provided is a powerful tool that can help organizations better understand their delivery operations and make data-driven decisions to optimize them.

Learn more about SQL query

brainly.com/question/28481998

#SPJ11

Answer: c. Authentication

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer is

[tex]c. \: Authentication[/tex]

Create a stored procedure named 'test' that updates the invoice due date to NULL for invoice ID 1, and display a success or failure message. Call the procedure to execute it.

First, create the stored procedure 'test' using the CREATE PROCEDURE statement. Inside the procedure, use an UPDATE statement to set the invoice due date to NULL for the invoice with an invoice ID of 1. To check if the update is successful, use the ROW_COUNT() function to determine the number of affected rows. If ROW_COUNT() returns 1, display the message "1 row was updated." If it returns 0, display the message "Row was not updated column cannot be null." After creating the procedure, call it using the CALL statement to execute the update and display the appropriate message.

Learn more about invoice here:

https://brainly.com/question/30026898

#SPJ11

Pascal's Triangle is a triangular array of numbers that represents the coefficients in the expansion of the polynomial (x + a) ^n. In this triangle, the numbers on the edges are always 1, and each number inside the triangle is the sum of the two numbers directly above it.

To find the value at a given position (row, column) in Pascal's Triangle, you can use the following recursive function:
python
def pascal (row, column):
   if column == 0 or column == row:
       return 1
   else:
       return pascal (row - 1, column - 1) + pascal (row - 1, column)
This function takes the row and column as input arguments and returns the corresponding value in Pascal's Triangle. The base cases are when the column is 0 or equal to the row, in which case the value is always 1. Otherwise, the function recursively computes the sum of the two numbers above the current position.

Learn more about numbers here:

brainly.com/question/17592042

#SPJ11

Using the hash function described above, the final encrypted password for "user" would be "3 41 19 18".
It is possible for a hacker to attempt to reverse engineer the password by trying different combinations of letters and numbers, but the encryption method used here makes it much more difficult.

3. To decrypt the password, the hacker would need to reverse the process used in the encryption algorithm. The following pseudocode could be used:
- Take the encrypted password string and split it into separate numbers
- For each number, subtract 1 and divide by 2
- Convert the resulting numbers back into their corresponding letters in the alphabet (a=1, b=2, etc)
- Combine the letters into a single string, which should reveal the original cleartext password.
However, because the encryption method involves converting letters to numbers and adding extra values, it would still be difficult for a hacker to determine the original password.

To learn more about encrypted click the link below:

brainly.com/question/16106201

#SPJ11

This method is declared as `public`, so it can be accessed from outside the class where it is defined. It's also declared as `static`, which means you don't need to create an instance of the class to use it. To write a Java method that returns the value of pi, you can create a method called "getPi" that returns a double value. Here's the code:

```java
public class PiCalculator {
   public static double getPi() {
       return 3.1415926535;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       double piValue = getPi();
       System.out.println("The value of pi is: " + piValue);
   }
}
```

In this example, the "getPi" method returns the value of pi as a double, and the main method calls it and prints the value.

Here's a Java method that returns the value of pi:

```
public static double getPi() {
   return 3.1415926535;
}
```
The method's return type is `double`, which means it will return a floating-point number. The `return` statement inside the method simply returns the value of pi.

To use this method, you can call it from another part of your code like this:

```
double pi = getPi();
System.out.println("The value of pi is: " + pi);
```

This will call the `getPi()` method and assign its return value to the `pi` variable. Then, it will print out a message that includes the value of pi.
learn more about the Java method here: brainly.com/question/30398857

#SPJ11

Randint is a function or method commonly used in computer science and programming that stands for "random integer." It is often used to generate a random integer value within a specified range. The randint function typically takes two arguments, representing the lower and upper bounds of the desired range, and returns a random integer value that falls within that range.

In many programming languages, such as Python, randint is a built-in function provided by standard libraries or modules for generating random integers. It is useful for tasks that require randomness or unpredictability, such as generating random numbers for simulations, games, cryptography, or other applications where random data is needed.

To implement randInsert(L, r=1), we can use a for loop to repeat the process of randomly removing an element from L and inserting it in a random location r times. We will use randint from the random module to generate random indices for removal and insertion. Here's the code:

from random import randint

def randInsert(L, r=1):

   for i in range(r):

       # choose a random index to remove

       remove_idx = randint(0, len(L)-1)

       # choose a random index to insert at

       insert_idx = randint(0, len(L))

       # remove the element and insert it at the new index

       element = L.pop(remove_idx)

       L.insert(insert_idx, element)

   return L

This function modifies the input list L destructively and returns the modified list. We can test it with the given examples:

L = list(range(10))

print(L)

# [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

print(randInsert(L))

# [0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9]

print(randInsert(L, 50))

# [1, 2, 0, 3, 5, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9]

print(randInsert(L, 50))

# [8, 0, 9, 7, 2, 5, 6, 1, 3, 4]

print(L)

# [8, 0, 9, 7, 2, 5, 6, 1, 3, 4]

Know more about randint:

https://brainly.com/question/20693552

#SPJ11

SQL is a computer language that is used for storing, manipulating, and retrieving data in a structured format. A query is a request for data or information from a database table or combination of tables

1. To show the SKU and Description for all products with a SKU description containing the word 'foot', the SQL query would be:

SELECT SKU, Description
FROM Products
WHERE SKU_Description LIKE '%foot%'

This query uses the SELECT statement to retrieve the SKU and Description columns from the Products table. The WHERE clause is used to filter the results to only show products where the SKU_Description column contains the word 'foot'.

2. To display the warehouse and a count of QuantityOnHand grouped by warehouse, the SQL query would be:

SELECT Warehouse, SUM(QuantityOnHand) AS TotalQuantityOnHand
FROM Inventory
GROUP BY Warehouse

This query uses the SELECT statement to retrieve the Warehouse column and the SUM function to calculate the total QuantityOnHand for each warehouse. The AS keyword is used to give the calculated column a more descriptive name. The GROUP BY clause is used to group the results by warehouse.

3. To show the SKU and SKU_Description for all items stored in a warehouse managed by each manager, the SQL query would be:

SELECT i.SKU, p.SKU_Description, w.Manager
FROM Inventory i
JOIN Warehouses w ON i.Warehouse = w.Warehouse
JOIN Products p ON i.SKU = p.SKU
GROUP BY w.Manager, i.SKU, p.SKU_Description

This query uses the JOIN statement to combine data from the Inventory, Warehouses, and Products tables. The GROUP BY clause is used to group the results by manager, SKU, and SKU_Description. The SELECT statement is used to retrieve the SKU, SKU_Description, and Manager columns.

To learn more about SQL visit : https://brainly.com/question/27851066

#SPJ11

To create a Dog constructor that takes one argument, the name, and calls the super constructor with the name and animal type "dog", while also overriding the speak() method, you can follow these steps:

```javascript
// Assuming there is an Animal class
class Animal {
 constructor(name, type) {
   this.name = name;
   this.type = type;
 }

 speak() {
   console.log("Some generic sound");
 }

 get() {
   // Some get method implementation
 }
}

// Dog class that extends Animal class
class Dog extends Animal {
 constructor(name) {
   super(name, "dog");
 }

 speak() {
   console.log("Woof!");
 }
}
```

In this code snippet, we have the Animal class with its constructor, speak() method, and get() method. We then create a Dog class that extends the Animal class. Inside the Dog constructor, we use the `super` keyword to call the parent (Animal) constructor, passing in the name and the animal type "dog". Finally, we override the speak() method in the Dog class to print out "Woof!" as the barking sound. The get() method from the superclass remains unchanged and can still be used by the Dog class.

To know more about argument visit:

https://brainly.com/question/27100677

#SPJ11

I can explain how to use the MAXIFS function in general to find the number of participants where the cost is $15 in the city of Atlanta.

The MAXIFS function is used to return the maximum value from a range of cells that meet one or more criteria. In this case, we want to find the number of participants where the cost is $15 in the city of Atlanta, so we need to specify two criteria: cost = $15 and city = Atlanta.

Assuming the data is stored in a table with columns for Participant No., Cost, and City, and that the table starts in cell A1, the formula to find the number of participants would be:

=MAXIFS(A2:A100, B2:B100, 15, C2:C100, "Atlanta")

This formula would search for the maximum value in the range A2:A100, but since we're looking for the number of participants, not a maximum value, we can use the COUNTIFS function instead:

=COUNTIFS(B2:B100, 15, C2:C100, "Atlanta")

This formula counts the number of cells in the range B2:B100 that contain the value 15 and the number of cells in the range C2:C100 that contain the text "Atlanta", and returns the count of cells that meet both criteria.

Note that the specific cell ranges and criteria values will vary depending on the layout and content of your data.

Read more about database here:

https://brainly.com/question/518894

#SPJ1

Answer:

this is not the answer

Explanation:

Identify the database or system that stores information on employees and projects.

Access the database or system and locate the table or tables that contain information on employees and projects. Query the database or system to retrieve all employees who work on the 'web development' project, and calculate the total number of employees.

Query the database or system to retrieve all man-hours worked on the 'web development' project, and calculate the total man-hours. The specific SQL queries or code required to accomplish this will depend on the structure and content of the database or system being used.

For more questions Database like click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/30634903

#SPJ11

The running time of retrieving the minimum value from an unsorted priority queue would be O(n), where n is the number of elements in the array.

This is because there is no inherent order to the elements in an unsorted array, so in the worst-case scenario, we would need to iterate through every element in the array to find the minimum value.
If the priority queue were implemented using a sorted array, the running time for retrieving the minimum value would be O(1) since the minimum value would always be at the beginning of the array.

Alternatively, if the priority queue were implemented using a binary heap, the running time for retrieving the minimum value would also be O(1) since the minimum value would always be the root of the heap.
In summary, the choice of implementation for a priority queue can greatly impact the running time for certain operations, and it is important to consider the trade-offs between different implementations depending on the specific use case.

Know more about array here:

https://brainly.com/question/29989214

#SPJ11

In this code, `circleArea` is a static method that calculates and returns the area of a circle given its radius. You can use this method without creating an instance of the `Circle`

To write a static method called circlearea that takes in the radius of the circle and returns the area using the formula a = π r 2, you can use the following code:

public static double circlearea(double radius) {
   double area = Math.PI * radius * radius;
   return area;
}

This method is declared as static, which means it can be called without creating an instance of the class. It takes in one parameter, the radius of the circle, and useclass.s the formula to calculate the area. The area is then returned as a double value. You can call this method from another part of your program by passing in the radius value as an argument, like this:

double radius = 5.0;
double area = circlearea(radius);
System.out.println("The area of the circle is: " + area);

In this example, the radius value is set to 5.0, and the circlearea method is called with this value. The resulting area is then printed to the console.

learn more about circle area here:

https://brainly.com/question/28642423

#SPJ11

Heap is a region in program memory where the "new" operator allocates memory dynamically at runtime. Option B is answer.

Unlike static memory allocation, heap memory allocation allows for a flexible and dynamic allocation of memory. This memory region is usually used for storing objects that are not known at compile time and requires flexible memory allocation at runtime. The heap is also used for allocating memory for data structures such as linked lists, trees, and hash tables, where the size of the structure is unknown at the time of allocation.

Option B is answer.

You can learn more about Heap at

https://brainly.com/question/30154180

#SPJ11

a) There are 256,000 blocks in the main memory.
b) The format of a memory address has a 16-bit tag field and a 6-bit offset field.
c) Memory address 0x0AB119 maps to cache block 89.

a) To find the number of blocks in the main memory, we first determine the total memory size in bytes (16 MB * 2^20 bytes/MB = 16,777,216 bytes). Then, we divide this by the block size (64 bytes) to get the number of blocks: 16,777,216 bytes / 64 bytes/block = 262,144 blocks.
b) The memory address has two fields: tag and offset. Since each block has 64 bytes, we need 6 bits for the offset field (2^6 = 64). The remaining bits are for the tag field. Since we have byte-addressable memory, the total address bits are 24 (16 MB = 2^24 bytes). Thus, the tag field has 24 - 6 = 18 bits.
c) To map memory address 0x0AB119 to a cache block, we ignore the 6-bit offset field. So, we have 0x0AB (171 in decimal). Then, divide this by the number of cache blocks (128): 171 % 128 = 43. Therefore, the address maps to cache block 43.

Learn more about cache here:

https://brainly.com/question/28232012

#SPJ11

The correct statement to delete all the employees without an order in the OrdersCopy table is option a. DELETE EmployeesCopy WHERE EmployeeID NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT Employeeld FROM OrdersCopy).

The correct statement to delete all employees without an order in the OrdersCopy table is:

. DELETE EmployeesCopy WHERE EmployeeID NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT Employeeld FROM OrdersCopy)This statement uses a subquery to select all unique employee IDs that appear in the OrdersCopy table. It then uses the NOT IN operator to delete all rows from the EmployeesCopy table where the employee ID does not appear in the subquery result set, effectively deleting all employees without an order in the OrdersCopy table.

b. REMOVE EmployeesCopy WHERE EmployeeID NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT Employeeld FROM OrdersCopy) is not a valid SQL statement. "REMOVE" is not a valid keyword in SQL for deleting rows from a table.

c. DELETE Employeeld FROM Employees Copy NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT Employeeld FROM OrdersCopy) is not a valid SQL statement. It attempts to delete the Employeeld column from the EmployeesCopy table, rather than deleting rows from the table.

d. DELETE EmployeesCopy WHERE EmployeelD IN (SELECT DISTINCT Employeel FROM Orders Copy) is the opposite of what we want to do - it would delete all employees who have an order in the OrdersCopy table, rather than employees who do not have an order.

To learn more about EmployeeID click the link below:

brainly.com/question/31422571

#SPJ11

A higher-order function is a function that takes one or more functions as arguments or returns a function as its result. In this case, the function dncall is a higher-order function because it takes a function f as one of its parameters.

Here's the code for the dncall function:

```
function dncall(n, f, x) {
 if (n == 0) {
   return x;
 } else {
   return dncall(n - 1, f, f(x));
 }
}
```

This function uses recursion to call the function f on x, for 2n times. If n is 0, it simply returns x. Otherwise, it calls dncall recursively with n decremented by 1, f, and f(x) as the new parameters.

To test this function with n = 2, the add-one function, and x = 2, you would use the following code:

```
function addOne(x) {
 return x + 1;
}

console.log(dncall(2, addOne, 2)); // Output: 6
```

This code defines the addOne function, which simply adds 1 to its argument. Then it calls dncall with n = 2, the addOne function, and x = 2, and logs the result to the console. The output should be 6, which is the result of adding 1 to 2, and then adding 1 to the result again.

To learn more about functions visit : https://brainly.com/question/20476366

#SPJ11

The price elasticity of demand from point B to point E using the midpoint method is approximately 1.30 (rounded to the nearest hundredth).

The midpoint method formula for calculating price elasticity of demand is:

Elasticity = [(Q2 - Q1) / ((Q2 + Q1)/2)] / [(P2 - P1) / ((P2 + P1)/2)]

where:

Q1 = Quantity at Point B

Q2 = Quantity at Point E

P1 = Price at Point B

P2 = Price at Point E

Given the values in the table:

Q1 = 7,500

Q2 = 6,000

P1 = $16

P2 = $19

Plugging these values into the formula:

Elasticity = [(6,000 - 7,500) / ((6,000 + 7,500)/2)] / [($19 - $16) / (($19 + $16)/2)]

Elasticity = [-1500 / 6750] / [3 / 17.5]

Elasticity = -0.2222 / 0.1714

Elasticity = -1.2955

Taking the absolute value and rounding to the nearest hundredth:

|Elasticity| ≈ 1.30

So, the price elasticity of demand from point B to point E using the midpoint method is approximately 1.30 (rounded to the nearest hundredth).

Read more about Midpoint here:

https://brainly.com/question/5566419

#SPJ1

Polymorphism allows for copying from a derived object to a base object. To copy from a base class object to a derived class object, you can implement a constructor in the derived class that accepts a base object as a parameter (option c). This way, you can create a new derived object using the base object's data.

To copy from a base class object to a derived object, one option is to implement a constructor in the derived class that accepts a base object as a parameter. This allows the derived object to be initialized with the values of the base object. Another option is to overload the assignment operator (=) in the derived class to accept a base object as a parameter. However, overloading the operator in the base class to accept a derived object as a parameter or attempting to copy from a base class object to a derived object cannot be done in C++.

Learn More about Polymorphism here :-

https://brainly.com/question/29887429

#SPJ11

The easiest way to verify the functionality of a system board is by running a diagnostic test.

This can be done by using diagnostic software provided by the manufacturer or by accessing the built-in diagnostics in the BIOS. Another way is to physically inspect the board for any signs of damage, such as blown capacitors or burn marks. It's important to note that verifying the functionality of the system board is just one part of troubleshooting a computer issue. Other components such as the CPU, RAM, and power supply should also be checked if there are any problems with the system. Overall, it's recommended to seek professional help if you're unsure about how to properly diagnose and fix computer issues.

learn more about diagnostic test here:

https://brainly.com/question/31449900

#SPJ11

Yes, it is legal to subtract a pointer of type long from a pointer of type int because pointers take up the same amount of space in memory regardless of their data type.

Yes, it is legal to subtract a pointer of type long from a pointer of type int because pointers take up the same amount of space in memory regardless of their data type. However, it is important to note that this operation may result in a loss of precision as the difference between the two pointers may not be evenly divisible by the size of the data type. Therefore, it is recommended to use caution when performing pointer arithmetic and ensure that the result is valid and meaningful for the given context.
While it's true that pointers generally take up the same amount of space in memory, subtracting a pointer of type long from a pointer of type int is not considered legal in C or C++. This is because pointer arithmetic should be performed on pointers of the same type. Mixing pointer types in arithmetic can lead to undefined behavior and potential errors. It is essential to maintain type safety and ensure that the pointers refer to compatible data types before performing any arithmetic operations on them.

To learn more about data, click here:

brainly.com/question/13650923

#SPJ11

For function recursiveMin, write the missing part of the recursive call assuming that recursiveMin is initially called with startIndex - 0.

Here's the missing part of the recursive call, assuming you already have the base cases defined:

1. First, check if startIndex is equal to the length of the array minus 1. If it is, return the value at startIndex, since it's the last element in the array.
2. If startIndex is not equal to the length of the array minus 1, call recursiveMin with startIndex + 1 as the new startIndex.
3. Compare the value at startIndex with the result of the recursive call in step 2.
4. Return the smaller value between the value at startIndex and the result of the recursive call.

Here's the complete function:

```java
int recursiveMin(int[] arr, int startIndex) {
   // Base case: If startIndex is the last index, return the value at startIndex
   if (startIndex == arr.length - 1) {
       return arr[startIndex];
   }

   // Recursive case:
   // 1. Call recursiveMin with startIndex + 1
   int minOfRemainingElements = recursiveMin(arr, startIndex + 1);

   // 2. Compare the value at startIndex with the result of the recursive call
   // 3. Return the smaller value
   return Math.min(arr[startIndex], minOfRemainingElements);
}
```

Using this function, `recursiveMin(new int[]{2, 4, 8}, 0)` would return `2`, as expected.

To know more about array please refer:

https://brainly.com/question/19570024

#SPJ11

To write a program that finds word differences between two sentences with the same number of words and displays the differing word pairs, you can follow these steps:
You can use Python to write a program that compares the words in two sentences and outputs the differing word pairs.

1. Take input for the first and second sentences:

```python
sentence1 = input("Enter the first sentence: ")
sentence2 = input("Enter the second sentence: ")
```

2. Split the sentences into word lists:

```python
words1 = sentence1.split()
words2 = sentence2.split()
```

3. Compare the words in the two lists and display the differing word pairs:

```python
for i in range(len(words1)):
   if words1[i] != words2[i]:
       print(f"({words1[i]}, {words2[i]})")
```

Here's the complete code:

```python
sentence1 = input("Enter the first sentence: ")
sentence2 = input("Enter the second sentence: ")

words1 = sentence1.split()
words2 = sentence2.split()

for i in range(len(words1)):
   if words1[i] != words2[i]:
       print(f"({words1[i]}, {words2[i]})")
```

This Python program takes two sentences as input, splits them into words, and compares the words in each sentence. If a pair of words differs, it will display them in the output.

To know more about program visit:

https://brainly.com/question/11023419

#SPJ11

Here is an example code in x86 assembly language that calculates the length of a null-terminated string:

mov ecx, 0  ; initialize the length to zero

mov al, byte [esi]  ; load the first byte of the string

cmp al, 0  ; check if it's the null terminator

je done  ; if it is, we're done

inc ecx  ; otherwise, increment the length counter

inc esi  ; move to the next byte

jmp loop  ; repeat the loop

done:

; the length is now in the ECX register

This code uses a loop to iterate through each byte of the string, starting at the address stored in the ESI register. It loads each byte into the AL register, checks if it's the null terminator (i.e., a byte with a value of zero), and if it is, jumps to the "done" label.

Otherwise, it increments the length counter in the ECX register and moves to the next byte by incrementing the ESI register. The loop then repeats until the null terminator is found.

This code assumes that the address of the string is stored in the ESI register and that the null terminator is present at the end of the string. If the string is empty (i.e., the first byte is already the null terminator), the length will be zero.

For more questions like Code click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/2094784

#SPJ11

Sure, I can help you with your question.

For the first part of your question, you need to modify your existing grade program to include arrays and functions. Specifically, you need to create four functions for calculating the average, minimum, maximum, and number of grades above the average. These functions should take an array of grades as input and return the calculated values.

Additionally, you need to add input validation to your program so that if the user enters an invalid grade, they will be prompted to re-enter the grade until a valid value is entered. To do this, you can use a while loop that checks if the input value is within the valid range (0-100).

For the second part of your question, you need to add a selection sort function to your existing program. This function should take an array of grades as input and sort them in ascending order. You should not modify the selection sort function in any way.

To adequately test your program, you should create a set of test cases that cover a range of scenarios, including valid and invalid input values, as well as different sizes of arrays. Your sample output should include the sorted list of grades and any error messages that are generated during the input validation process.

You can write this program in C++ by using appropriate data structures and functions that are available in the language.