Styles 9-10 (11--12--13-14-15-16 -17 En relates to the APA citation style. However, as per the given question, the newly appointed IT auditor for a financial institution must adopt four techniques to understand the control environment.
Four techniques that the IT auditor should adopt to understand the control environment are listed below: Risk assessment: The IT auditor should review the institution's risk assessment methodologies to understand how the risks are identified, assessed, and addressed.Internal Controls: The IT auditor should review internal controls that are in place within the organization. This will help the IT auditor identify the areas where controls are not effective, and new controls are needed.
Information and Communication: The IT auditor should understand how information flows within the institution. This will help the IT auditor identify the key individuals within the organization who are responsible for ensuring that information is accurate, timely, and complete. It will also help the IT auditor identify the communication channels that exist within the organization. Training and Awareness: The IT auditor should understand the training and awareness programs that exist within the institution. This will help the IT auditor identify any gaps in the training programs and identify opportunities for improving employee awareness of internal controls.
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True or False? It is mandatory that the product increment be released to production at the end of each Sprint.
It is mandatory that the product increment be released to production at the end of each Sprint - FALSE.
The Product Increment is a sum of the work of the Development Team during a Sprint and the value of the increments of all previous Sprints. The increment should be usable, in that it must be in a position to be used by the customer. The increment is the primary mechanism for assessing progress.
A Sprint is a time box of one month or less during which a "Done", usable, and potentially releasable product Increment is created.
Scrum is an Agile framework for completing complicated projects. Scrum was initially intended for software development projects, but it has since been used in other fields. Scrum is not a process or a method; it is a framework for managing and completing projects.
The Sprint Goal is an objective that the Scrum Team intends to achieve during the Sprint. It provides a focus for the Development Team and encourages collaboration and creativity. It is created during the Sprint Planning meeting.
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barton company is a publicly held corporation whose $1 par value stock is actively traded at $31 per share. the company issued 3,000 shares of stock to acquire land recently advertised at $100,000. when recording this transaction, barton company will select one: a. debit land for $100,000. b. credit common stock for $93,000. c. debit land for $93,000. d. credit paid-in capital in excess of par for $97,000.
When recording the transaction where Barton Company issued 3,000 shares of stock to acquire land recently advertised at $100,000, Barton Company will select option Debit land for $93,000. The correct answer is option c.
The par value of the stock is given as $1 per share, so the total par value of the 3,000 shares is 3,000 * $1 = $3,000. The difference between the total value of the land ($100,000) and the par value of the stock ($3,000) is $97,000 ($100,000 - $3,000). This $97,000 represents the amount in excess of par value, also known as additional paid-in capital.
Therefore, Barton Company will debit the land account for the cost of the land, which is $93,000, and credit the common stock account for the par value of the shares issued, which is $3,000. The remaining $97,000 will be credited to the additional paid-in capital account.
The correct answer is option c.
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The accounts of Melissa Manufacturing showed the following balances at the beginning of December Account Debit Raw Materials Inventory $54,000 Work-in-Process Inventory 78,000 Finished Goods Inventory 32,000 Manufacturing Overhead 21,000 The following transactions took place during the month December 2. Issued direct materials $34,000 and indirect materials $7,000 to production. December 15: Incurred $7,000 and $4,000 toward factory's direct labor cost and indirect labor cost, respectively. What should be the balance in the Work-in-Process Inventory following these transactions? A. $66,000 B. $82,000 C. $119,000 D. $85,000
The correct answer is D. $85,000. Work-in-Process Inventory balance can be calculated by adding direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead costs to the beginning balance. The company issued direct materials of $34,000 and indirect materials of $7,000 to production.
Therefore, the total cost of materials used in production is $41,000.Direct labor costs are $7,000 and indirect labor costs are $4,000. Therefore, the total labor costs incurred are $11,000. Manufacturing overhead costs for the period are $21,000. Thus, the total manufacturing costs are $73,000. Adding this amount to the beginning balance of $78,000 gives us a balance of $151,000. Now, we subtract the finished goods inventory balance of $32,000 to obtain a balance of $119,000 in the Work-in-Process Inventory.
However, the question is asking for the balance in the Work-in-Process Inventory, not including the finished goods inventory balance. Therefore, we need to subtract the finished goods inventory balance from the total manufacturing costs only. This gives us a balance of $73,000 + $78,000 - $32,000 = $119,000 - $32,000 = $87,000. Therefore, the balance in the Work-in-Process Inventory following these transactions is $85,000 (not $87,000, as the finished goods inventory balance was not included in the question).
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Derek will deposit $3,458.00 per year for 10.00 years into an account that earns 9.00%. Assuming the first deposit is made 7.00 years from today, how much will be in the account 33.00 years from today? Submit Answer format: Currency: Round to: 2 decimal places
The amount that will be in the account 33 years from today is approximately $78,426.03.
To calculate the amount that will be in the account 33 years from today, we can use the future value of an ordinary annuity formula:
Future Value = Annual Deposit * [([tex]1 + Interest Rate)^{Number of Periods - 1}[/tex]] / Interest Rate
Future Value of Deposits = Annual Deposit *[tex][(1 + Interest Rate)^{Number of Periods - 1}][/tex]/ Interest Rate
Future Value of Deposits = $3,458.00 * [tex][(1 + 0.09)^7 - 1] / 0.09[/tex]
Future Value = Future Value of Deposits * [tex](1 + Interest Rate)^{Number of Periods[/tex]
Future Value = Future Value of Deposits * [tex](1 + 0.09)^{33[/tex]
Now, let's calculate the values:
Future Value of Deposits = $3,458.00 *[tex][(1 + 0.09)^7 - 1] / 0.09[/tex]
Future Value of Deposits = $3,458.00 * [tex](1.09^7 - 1) / 0.09[/tex]
Future Value of Deposits = $3,458.00 * (1.7177155 - 1) / 0.09
Future Value of Deposits = $3,458.00 * 0.7177155 / 0.09
Future Value of Deposits = $27,157.52
Future Value = $27,157.52 * [tex](1 + 0.09)^{33[/tex]
Future Value = $27,157.52 * 2.886857516
Future Value = $78,426.03
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true/false. a u.s. retailer of high-tech products looks to open stores in russia where there has been a surge in demand for smartphones and tablet computers.
True.
A U.S. retailer of high-tech products would be interested in opening stores in Russia due to the surge in demand for smartphones and tablet computers. Russia has experienced significant growth in the adoption of technology, particularly in the mobile and electronics sector. The increasing demand for these products presents an opportunity for a high-tech retailer to expand its market presence and cater to the growing consumer needs in Russia. By entering the Russian market, the retailer can tap into this emerging customer base and potentially capitalize on the rising trend of smartphone and tablet usage.
The statement is true. A U.S. retailer of high-tech products can expect to find opportunities in Russia due to the surge in demand for smartphones and tablet computers in the country. Russia is a large market with a growing middle class and increasing consumer spending power. The popularity of technology products, such as smartphones and tablets, has been on the rise in Russia, presenting an attractive opportunity for retailers in the high-tech sector.
By opening stores in Russia, the U.S. retailer can tap into this growing demand and expand its customer base. It can offer a wide range of high-tech products to cater to the preferences and needs of Russian consumers. This expansion can potentially lead to increased sales and market share for the retailer.
However, it's important for the retailer to conduct thorough market research and understand the local market dynamics, consumer behavior, and competition in Russia. Adapting to the local market and consumer preferences, ensuring effective marketing and distribution strategies, and complying with local regulations are crucial factors for success in entering a new market.
Overall, by capitalizing on the surge in demand for smartphones and tablet computers in Russia, the U.S. retailer has the opportunity to expand its business and potentially achieve growth and profitability in the Russian market.
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Evaluating Alternative Notes A borrower has two alternatives for a loan: (1) issue a $630,000, 90-day, 9% note or (2) issue a $630,000, 90-day note that the creditor discounts at 9%. Assume a 360-day
The interest expense for option 1 is $14,175.
The interest expense for Option 2 is $615,825
What is the interest expense?To calculate the interest expense for each loan alternative one can .
Option 1:
Issue a $630,000, 90-day, 9% notePrincipal = $630,000Interest Rate = 9% (0.09)Time = 90 days (convert to years: 90/360 = 0.25)So, the Interest Expense (Option 1) = Principal x Interest Rate x Time
= $630,000 x 0.09 x 0.25
= $14,175
So, for Option 2:
Issue a $630,000, 90-day note that has a creditor discounts at 9%Principal = $630,000Interest Rate = 9% (0.09)Time = 90 days (convert to years: 90/360 = 0.25)So, Discounted Amount = Principal - (Principal x Interest Rate x Time)
= $630,000 - ($630,000 x 0.09 x 0.25)
= $630,000 - $14,175
= $615,825
Therefore, the interest expense for Option 2 is $615,825
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Actually, I'm not a native speaker, please do not write in cursive. Thanks. I'm sorry about this problem. Number of observation not is given about this. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of GNP per capita (x) and the proportion of the population enrolled in elementary school (x2) on the dependent variable infant mortality rate (y). The equation estimated for the White test for the existence of heteroscedasticity is as follows. u? = - 15.76 + 0.3810x1i - 4.5641x2i +0.000005x3; + 0.1328x2; - 0.0050x1;X2i t= (-0.01)(0.60) (0.13) (0.87) (0.56) (-0.85) p3=(0.989)(0.556) (0.895) (0.394) (0.581) (0.400) R2 = 0.23 1. Do the estimation results suggest signs of heteroscedasticity? Please also provide a rationale for your answer. 2. / if there are signs of heteroscedasticity, suggest ways to deal with them.
1. The estimation results of the given data suggests signs of heteroscedasticity as the value of R² is 0.23 which is not close to 1 and p-values for some of the independent variables are greater than 0.05 which indicates the heteroscedasticity. This shows that the variance of error terms is not constant. Hence, there are signs of heteroscedasticity. The following population multiple regression model with three independent variables
Explanation: Heteroscedasticity is a term that is used to describe unequal variances of the dependent variable across the range of values of the independent variables. It can lead to inefficient or biased estimators and unreliable inferences about the population parameters. 2. There are several ways to deal with heteroscedasticity. Some of the ways are given below:Weighted Least Squares (WLS): It involves assigning weights to the observations based on their variances. It reduces the influence of the observations with high variances on the estimation of parameters.
The weights assigned are inversely proportional to the variances.Robust Standard Errors: It involves the use of the Huber-White Sandwich estimator which provides unbiased estimates of the standard errors. It accounts for the heteroscedasticity in the error terms. This method is used when the sample size is large.Transformation of Variables: It involves transforming the dependent variable or the independent variable or both so that the variance of the error terms is constant. It includes transformations like the log transformation, square root transformation, inverse transformation, etc. However, the interpretation of the coefficients becomes difficult after the transformation is done.
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Universal Company, a real estate developer, is owned by five founding shareholders. On December 31, 2020, the entity declared a property dividend of a "one-bedroom flat" for each shareholder. The property dividend is payable on December 31, 2021.
On December 31, 2020, the carrying amount of a one-bedroom flat is P1,000,000 and the fair value is P1,500,000.
However, the fair value is PP1,900,000 on December 31, 2021.
1. What is the dividend payable on December 31, 2020?
a. 5,000,000
b. 7,500,000
c. 1,500,000
d. 1,000,000
2. What is the measurement of the property on December 31, 2020?
a. 5,000,000
b. 7,500,000
c. 1,000,000
d. 1,500,000
3. What is the dividend payable on December 31, 2021?
a. 5,000,000
b. 7,500,000
c. 9,500,000
d. 2,500,000
4. What amount of gain is reported as a result of the settlement of the property dividend on December 31, 2021?
a. 2,500,000
b. 4,000,000
c. 2,000,000
d. 4,500,000
The dividend payable on December 31, 2020, would be equal to the fair value of the one-bedroom flat on that date, which is P1,500,000. Therefore, the answer is (c) P1,500,000.
The measurement of the property on December 31, 2020, is the carrying amount of the one-bedroom flat, which is P1,000,000. Therefore, the answer is (c) P1,000,000.
The dividend payable on December 31, 2021, would be equal to the fair value of the one-bedroom flat on that date, which is P1,900,000. Since there are five founding shareholders, the total dividend payable would be P1,900,000 multiplied by 5, resulting in P9,500,000. Therefore, the answer is (c) P9,500,000.
The gain reported as a result of the settlement of the property dividend on December 31, 2021, can be calculated by subtracting the carrying amount of the property (P1,000,000) from the fair value (P1,900,000). The gain would be P1,900,000 - P1,000,000 = P900,000 per property. Since there are five founding shareholders, the total gain reported would be P900,000 multiplied by 5, resulting in P4,500,000. Therefore, the answer is (d) P4,500,000.
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Consider the automobile monopolist Toyota. Demand for Toyota cars is p(Q) = 1,000 −2Q and the company’s marginal cost is $200 per unit.
(a) In the absence of competition, how much output would Toyota produce? What would be the market price? How high is consumer surplus? How high are profits? How large is social surplus?
(b) What is the elasticity of demand at the monopolist’s chosen quantity?
(c) Now suppose the market is perfectly competitive (there are many firms called Toyota, each with a marginal cost of $200 per unit). How much output is produced in the entire market? What would be the market price? How high is consumer surplus? How high are profits? How large is social surplus?
(d) Now suppose that producing cars emit harmful pollution. Specifically, each car requires the emission of pollutants that cause $250 of harm at the margin to third parties in the neighborhood of the factory. Therefore, total third party costs are $250Q. With the presence of these additional costs, recalculate social surplus from parts a) and c)? Which market structure delivers higher social surplus in the presence of these external costs?
(e) For either perfect competition or monopoly (you get to pick), determine the size of the optimal tax that would be required to deliver an efficient (social surplus-maximizing) outcome.
(a) In the absence of competition, Toyota would produce 100 units. The market price would be $800. Consumer surplus is $40,000. Profits are $60,000. Social surplus is $100,000.
(b) The elasticity of demand at the monopolist's chosen quantity is -4.
(c) In a perfectly competitive market, each firm would produce 400 units, resulting in a total output of 400N units.
(d) With the presence of external costs of $250Q due to pollution, the social surplus in part (a) would be:
Social surplus = $40,000 + $60,000 - $250Q
(a) In the absence of competition, the monopolist Toyota maximizes profit by equating marginal cost to marginal revenue. The marginal cost is $200, and setting it equal to the derivative of the demand function gives the monopolist's chosen quantity of 100 units. Plugging this quantity into the demand function, we find the market price of $800.
is calculated as the area between the demand curve and the market price, resulting in $40,000. Profits are determined by subtracting total costs from total revenue, resulting in $60,000. Social surplus is the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus, totaling $100,000.
(b) The of demand at the monopolist's chosen quantity is calculated using the formula (dQ/dp) * (p/Q). Plugging in the values, we find an elasticity of -4.
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Determine the total duties payable under Customs Act if Mr. Rao
imported rubber from Malaysia at landed price (exclusive of duties)
of Rs. 25 lakh. It has been notified by the Central Government that
The Central Government has notified that the basic customs duty on rubber imported from Malaysia is 10% and education cess is 3%. From the given details, Mr. Rao has imported rubber worth Rs. 25 lakh, and the landed price is exclusive of duties.
To determine the total duties payable under Customs Act, the calculation of customs duty will be as follows:The customs duty for rubber imported from Malaysia at 10% will be:10% of Rs. 25,00,000 = Rs. 2,50,000The education cess for rubber imported from Malaysia at 3% will be:3% of Rs. 2,50,000 = Rs. 7,500The total duties payable under Customs Act for the imported rubber from Malaysia will be the sum of customs duty and education cess, which is:
Rs. 2,50,000 + Rs. 7,500 = Rs. 2,57,500Therefore, Mr. Rao will have to pay a total of Rs. 2,57,500 as duties under Customs Act for importing rubber from Malaysia at a landed price of Rs. 25 lakh, exclusive of duties. The Central Government has notified that the basic customs duty on rubber imported from Malaysia is 10%, and the education cess is 3%.
The calculation of customs duty is done by multiplying the landed price with the percentage of customs duty, and the education cess is calculated by multiplying the customs duty with the percentage of education cess. The total duties payable are the sum of customs duty and education cess.
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Apparel Leasing Company signs a lease agreement on January 1, 2021, to lease equipment to Oman Company. The term of the non-cancelable lease is 8 years, and payments are required at the end of each year. The following information related to this agreement:
1. The equipment has a cost and fair value of $9,500,000 to Apparel, an estimated useful life of 10 years, and no residual value at the end of that time. Annual lease rental is $1,441,606. 2. Apparel Company desires to eam an 8% return on its investment.
Instructions:
A) Prepare an amortization schedule for the lessor for 2021 and 2022
B) Prepare the journal entries on the lessor's books on January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021,
A) The Answer is :
$8,082,536Amortization Schedule for the Lessor:
Year | Lease Revenue | Interest Income | Reduction in Lease Receivable | Lease Receivable
2021 | $1,441,606 | $760,000 | $681,606 | $8,818,394
2022 | $1,441,606 | $705,748 | $735,858 | $8,082,536
To calculate the interest income, we use the formula: Lease Receivable (beginning balance) × Interest Rate (8%)
Year 2021:
Lease Revenue: $1,441,606 (annual lease rental)Interest Income: $8,818,394 (Lease Receivable beginning balance) × 8%Reduction in Lease Receivable: Lease Revenue - Interest IncomeLease Receivable: Lease Receivable (beginning balance) - Reduction in Lease ReceivableYear 2022:
Lease Revenue: $1,441,606 (annual lease rental)Interest Income: $8,082,536 (Lease Receivable beginning balance) × 8%Reduction in Lease Receivable: Lease Revenue - Interest IncomeLease Receivable: Lease Receivable (beginning balance) - Reduction in Lease ReceivableB) The Answer is :
Cash $1,441,606Journal Entries on the Lessor's Books:
January 1, 2021:Lease Receivable $8,818,394Equipment $9,500,000Unearned Interest Revenue $681,606(To record the lease agreement and unearned interest)
December 31, 2021:
Lease Receivable (Reduction) $681,606Interest Income $760,000Cash $1,441,606(To record the lease revenue and interest income received)
Note: The journal entry for December 31, 2022, would be similar to the one for December 31, 2021, considering the respective amounts for that year.
These entries account for the initial recognition of the lease agreement on January 1, 2021, and the recognition of lease revenue and interest income on December 31, 2021, based on the amortization schedule.
About Journal EntryIn accounting and bookkeeping, journals are all financial transactions of a business entity or organization that are recorded chronologically and aim to record data, including the number of transactions, the names of transactions that either affect or are affected, and the time the transaction takes place.
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1. what do we call the specific link that exists between a firm strategy and its selection process?
-Strategic workforce planning
-recruitment and placement
-strategy human resources management
2. which of this following can never be used to frame a BFOQ defense?
-relegion
-gender
-race
1. We call the specific link that exists between a firm strategy and its selection process as strategic human resources management.
Strategic human resources management is the specific link that exists between a firm strategy and its selection process. The organization's human resource strategies are guided by its overall business strategy and objectives.
The HR department's strategic role includes developing policies, procedures, and practices that align with the organization's objectives, support its strategic direction, and respond to the challenges of a rapidly changing business environment. The aim of strategic human resources management is to ensure that the firm has a high-performance workforce that is motivated, competent, and capable of meeting the organization's strategic goals.
2. The term religion can never be used to frame a BFOQ defense. A Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ) is a job requirement that is essential to the performance of a particular job and allows employers to make employment decisions based on certain protected characteristics.
Employers can use BFOQ defenses to discriminate based on protected characteristics such as age, gender, and race, but they cannot use BFOQ defenses to discriminate based on religion. Discrimination based on religion is prohibited under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
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Please help it's urgent
The net realisable value is often lower than the cost of the product is damaged or obsolete (out of date). Select one: O True O False
Due to the net realisable value refers to the estimated selling price of an item, less the cost of any necessary repairs and less the cost of selling the item, the statement is true.
It reflects the price that a seller can reasonably expect to receive for goods or services, after deducting the costs of selling those goods or services. Damaged or obsolete products are typically sold at a lower price than undamaged, up-to-date products.
This means that the net realisable value of such products will be lower than the cost of the product itself. In conclusion, the net realisable value of damaged or obsolete products will likely be lower than their original cost, which makes the statement true.
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Malaysian Island Resort. Theresa Nunn is planning a 30-day vacation on Pulau Penang, Malaysia, one year from now. The present charge for a luxury suite plus meals in Malaysian ringgit (RM) is RM1,049/day. The Malaysian ringgit presently trades at RM3.1350/$. She determines that the dollar cost today for a 30-day stay would be $10,038.28. The hotel informs her that any increase in its room charges will be limited to any increase in the Malaysian cost of living. Malaysian inflation is
expected to be 2.773% annum, while U.S. inflation is expected to be 1.203%
a. How many dollars might Theresa expect to need one year herice to pay for
b. By what percent will the dollar cost have gone up? Why?
her 30-day vacation?
a. How many dollars might Theresa expect to need one year hence to pay for her 30-day vacation?
The amount Theresa might expect to need one year hence to pay for her 30-day vacation is
$ (Round to the nearest cent.)
b. By what percent will the dollar cost have gone up?
The percentage the dollar cost will have gone up is %. (Round to three decimal places.)
Why has the dollar cost changed by this percentage? (Select the best choice below.)
A. The dollar cost has risen by the Malaysian ringgit inflation rate. This is a result of Theresa's estimation of the future suite costs and the exchange rate changing in proportion to inflation (relative purchasing power parity).
B. The dollar cost has risen by the U.S. dollar inflation rate. This is a result of Theresa's estimation of the present suite costs and the exchange rate changing in proportion to inflation (relative purchasing power parity).
OC. The dollar cost has risen by the U.S. dollar inflation rate. This is a result of Theresa's estimation of the future suite costs and the exchange rate changing in proportion to inflation (relative purchasing power parity).
OD. The dollar cost has risen by the U.S. dollar inflation rate. This is a result of Theresa's estimation of the future suite costs and the exchange rate not changing in proportion to inflation (relative purchasing power parity).
A. The amount Theresa might expect to need one year hence to pay for her 30-day vacation is $10,038.28. B. The dollar cost will have gone up by 2.77%.
a. To calculate the amount of dollars Theresa might expect to need one year hence to pay for her 30-day vacation, we need to consider the present cost in Malaysian ringgit and the exchange rate. The present cost for a luxury suite plus meals is RM1,049/day. Since Theresa plans to stay for 30 days, the total cost in Malaysian ringgit would be 30 * RM1,049 = RM31,470.
To convert this amount to dollars, we multiply it by the exchange rate of RM3.1350/$: RM31,470 * (1/$3.1350) = $10,038.28.
Therefore, Theresa might expect to need $10,038.28 one year hence to pay for her 30-day vacation.
b. To calculate the percentage by which the dollar cost will have gone up, we need to consider the expected inflation rates. The Malaysian inflation rate is 2.773% per annum, and the U.S. inflation rate is 1.203% per annum.
Over a year, the Malaysian inflation rate would increase the cost in Malaysian ringgit by 2.773%. However, the hotel has stated that any increase in its room charges will be limited to the increase in the Malaysian cost of living. Therefore, we can assume that the cost in Malaysian ringgit will increase by the same rate as the Malaysian inflation rate.
To calculate the dollar cost increase, we multiply the current dollar cost ($10,038.28) by the percentage increase: $10,038.28 * (2.773/100) = $278.38.
The percentage increase is then calculated by dividing the dollar cost increase by the current dollar cost and multiplying by 100: ($278.38/$10,038.28) * 100 = 2.77% (rounded to three decimal places).
Therefore, the dollar cost will have gone up by 2.77%.
C. The dollar cost has risen by the U.S. dollar inflation rate. This is a result of Theresa's estimation of the future suite costs and the exchange rate changing in proportion to inflation (relative purchasing power parity).
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Job Costs, Ending Work in Process During March, Estes Company worked on three jobs. Data relating to these three jobs follow: Job 86 Job 87 Job 88 210 200 280 200 $940 220 $2,860 Units in each order U
The total cost of Job 78 and Job 79 are $3,870 and $5,841. The per-unit price of Job 78 and Job 79 is $32.25 and $32.45.
To calculate the consistent with-unit price of Jobs 78 and 79, we need to don't forget the overall fees incurred for each job and divide it with the aid of the range of gadgets in each process.
For Job 78:
Total Cost = Materials + Direct Labor + Overhead
Total Cost = $768 + $1,980 + (132 hours x $8.50)
Total Cost = $768 + $1,980 + $1,122
Total Cost = $3,870
Per-Unit Cost of Job 78 = Total Cost / Units in Job 78
Per-Unit Cost of Job 78 = $3,870 / 120 devices
Per-Unit Cost of Job 78 = $32.25 in step with unit
For Job 79:
Total Cost = Materials + Direct Labor + Overhead
Total Cost = $990 + $3,168 + (198 hours x $eight.50)
Total Cost = $990 + $3,168 + $1,683
Total Cost = $5,841
Per-Unit Cost of Job 79 = Total Cost / Units in Job 79
Per-Unit Cost of Job 79 = $5,841 / 180 gadgets
Per-Unit Cost of Job 79 = $32.45 in step with unit
Therefore, the according to-unit fee of Job 78 is $32.25 and the per-unit price of Job 79 is $32.45.
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The correct question is:
Joseph & Alexander is a sustainable clothing brand based in the UAE that turns recycled plastic into swimwear and lifestyle apparel. It offers distinctive and unique clothes for the whole family (woman, men and children). It is a family-run business that creates 'unique swimwear with a conscience'. It tackles critical world issues with quirky, sustainable, durable apparel. They have worked with a range of large companies including Emirates Airline. Prices range from 100 to 400 AED. Identify and justify two elements of the promotions mix you would use for this company in the UAE market.
Two elements of the promotions mix you would use for Joseph & Alexander in the UAE market is Advertising and public relations.
Two elements of the promotions mix you would use for Joseph & Alexander, a sustainable clothing brand based in the UAE that turns recycled plastic into swimwear and lifestyle apparel, are Advertising and Public Relations (PR).
Advertising: Joseph & Alexander is a new brand and needs advertising in the UAE market to make consumers aware of the brand and the products they offer. Advertising is essential to promoting brand awareness and increasing sales. It is an effective way to spread the word about Joseph & Alexander's unique and sustainable products. Advertising can be done through various media such as TV, radio, newspapers, billboards, and social media.Public Relations (PR): PR is another crucial element of the promotions mix for Joseph & Alexander. PR is the management of communication between the company and the public. It is essential to maintain a good reputation in the market. A PR campaign would be beneficial in creating buzz for the company. PR can be used to raise awareness about Joseph & Alexander's products, ethical practices, and commitment to sustainability.By using PR, Joseph & Alexander can develop a positive reputation among consumers and gain trust and credibility with the public.
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Consider a project with the following cash flows:
Year Cash Flow
1 - 9000
2 3600
3 3600
4 3600
Assume the appropriate discount rate for this project is 14%. The profitability index for this project is closest to:
Profitability Index (PI) is an investment assessment ratio that compares the amount of the present value of future cash flows to the initial investment amount.
The formula for calculating profitability index is given by PI = PV of Future Cash Flows / Initial Investment. Here's how we can use the formula to calculate the profitability index of the given project
The initial investment for the project is $9,000. The sum of the present values of future cash flows is $292.93.Using the formula of PI = PV of Future Cash Flows / Initial Investment, we get:PI = 292.93 / 9000PI = 0.03255 or 3.26% (approx)Therefore, the profitability index for the project. Hence, option D is the correct choice.
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Financial analysts look to the statement of earnings to determine which of the following? Multiple Choice whether the company has generated sufficient cash to pay its bills whether the company has generated profits from operations if the company is collecting its receivables on time if the company has invested too much cash in its inventory
Financial analysts look to the statement of earnings to determine whether the company has generated profits from operations.
A statement of earnings, often known as an income statement, summarizes a company's financial performance over a specified period. A statement of earnings shows how much revenue a company generated and how much it spent during the period to generate that revenue.
The income statement is divided into two sections: the top section shows all sales and revenue generated by the company, while the bottom section lists all expenses incurred by the company, including the cost of goods sold, depreciation, and administrative expenditures.
The income statement is used by financial analysts to examine a company's financial condition. By analyzing a company's income statement, analysts can determine whether a company is profitable, whether it generates sufficient cash to pay its bills, whether it collects its receivables on time, and whether it has invested too much money in its inventory.
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POR reported sales of five million dollars and is showing a return on equity of ten percent with a total assets turnover ratio of 2.5. If POR's capital structure consist of 60 percent equity and 40% debt, determine PQR's net income. Select one:
a. $124,000
b. $95,400
c. $111,234
d. $88,500
e. $120,000
PQR's net income will be $120,000. The correct answer is option e.
To determine POR's net income, we can use the formula:
Net Income = Return on Equity * Total Equity
First, we need to calculate POR's total equity. Since the capital structure consists of 60% equity and 40% debt, we can calculate the total equity as a percentage of total assets:
Equity = 60% * Total Assets
Next, we need to calculate Total Assets using the Total Assets Turnover Ratio:
Total Assets = Sales / Total Assets Turnover Ratio
Now we can substitute the given values:
Total Assets = $5,000,000 / 2.5
Total Assets = $2,000,000
Equity = 60% * $2,000,000
Equity = $1,200,000
Finally, we can calculate the net income:
Net Income = 10% * $1,200,000
Net Income = $120,000
Therefore, PQR's net income is $120,000.
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You are engaged to perform an audit of the Giordani Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2013. You have decided to perform the following cutoff test for payables and accruals. Select all items greater than $25,000 for two business days before and after year-end from the purchases journal and ensure that all transactions are recorded in the proper period.
During your firm's observation of Giordani's physical inventory, you obtained the following cutoff information: the last receiving report number in 2013 was 49,745. Your audit work identified the following items for further investigation:
Selections from the December 2013 Purchase Journal
Date RR# Vendor Name Amount Explanation
a. 12/30 49,742 Allen Chem. $29,875 Chemicals purchased for manufacturing process.
b. 12/31 none Khan Consulting $45,000 Payment for consulting services for the three-month period beginning December 1, 2013. The $45,000 was charged to consulting expenses.
c. 12/31 49,744 Goff Materials $205,000 Raw materials used in the manufacturing process.
Selections from the January 2014 Purchase Journal
Date RR# Vendor Name Amount Explanation
d. 1/01 49,746 Temper Trucks $75,985 Purchase of a new forklift
e. 1/02 49,743 Pack Products $42,000 Paper products used in manufacturing process.
f. 1/02 none Telecom Inc. $32,450 December 2013 telephone bill.
Required:
For each of the six items provided in the table above, consider whether there is evidence of proper cutoff of payables and accruals (i.e., the transaction is recorded in the proper period). If the item is not properly recorded, prepare the necessary adjusting entries at December 31, 2013.
Audit test of proper cutoff of payables and accruals
One of the parts of any audit performed in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards is to determine if the audit client performed a proper cutoff at the end of year of each and any important or material accounts payable and accruals. This work includes a search for any unrecorded liabilities at the balance sheet date, and also determining if any payments made toward the end of the year have been properly recorded on the books.
Summary of Adjusting Entries at December 31, 2013:
b. Debit: Consulting Expenses - 2013 ($15,000)
Credit: Prepaid Consulting Expenses - 2013 ($15,000)
To assess the proper cutoff of payables and accruals for the provided items, we need to determine whether the transactions were recorded in the correct accounting period. Let's analyze each item and identify any necessary adjusting entries at December 31, 2013.
a. 12/30 - Vendor: Allen Chem. - Amount: $29,875
This purchase was made two business days before year-end. As the purchase was made on December 30, 2013, it should be recorded as an accounts payable and expense in the 2013 financial statements. No adjustment is required.
b. 12/31 - Vendor: Khan Consulting - Amount: $45,000
The payment for consulting services was made on December 31, 2013, but the expense was charged to the consulting expenses account. As the payment covers the three-month period beginning December 1, 2013, only one month's worth of expense should be recorded in the 2013 financial statements. An adjusting entry is necessary to record the correct portion of the expense in 2013.
Adjusting entry for b:
Date: December 31, 2013
Debit: Consulting Expenses - 2013 ($45,000 / 3) = $15,000
Credit: Prepaid Consulting Expenses - 2013 ($45,000 / 3) = $15,000
c. 12/31 - Vendor: Goff Materials - Amount: $205,000
The purchase of raw materials from Goff Materials was made on December 31, 2013, and should be recorded as an accounts payable and an expense in the 2013 financial statements. No adjustment is required.
d. 1/01 - Vendor: Temper Trucks - Amount: $75,985
This purchase occurred after the year-end cutoff date (December 31, 2013). Therefore, it should not be recorded as an accounts payable and expense in the 2013 financial statements. An adjusting entry is necessary to exclude this transaction from the 2013 financial statements.
Adjusting entry for d:
Date: December 31, 2013
Debit: No entry required
Credit: Accounts Payable - Temper Trucks ($75,985)
e. 1/02 - Vendor: Pack Products - Amount: $42,000
Similar to item d, this purchase was made after the year-end cutoff date (December 31, 2013). It should not be recorded as an accounts payable and expense in the 2013 financial statements. An adjusting entry is necessary to exclude this transaction from the 2013 financial statements.
Adjusting entry for e:
Date: December 31, 2013
Debit: No entry required
Credit: Accounts Payable - Pack Products ($42,000)
f. 1/02 - Vendor: Telecom Inc. - Amount: $32,450
Although this is a December 2013 telephone bill, it was recorded in the January 2014 purchase journal. Therefore, it is not properly recorded in the 2013 financial statements. An adjusting entry is necessary to include this expense in the 2013 financial statements.
Adjusting entry for f:
Date: December 31, 2013
Debit: Telephone Expenses - 2013 ($32,450)
Credit: Accounts Payable - Telecom Inc. ($32,450)
Summary of Adjusting Entries at December 31, 2013:
b. Debit: Consulting Expenses - 2013 ($15,000)
Credit: Prepaid Consulting Expenses - 2013 ($15,000)
d. Credit: Accounts Payable - Temper Trucks ($75,985)
e. Credit: Accounts Payable - Pack Products ($42,000)
d. Credit: Accounts Payable - Temper Trucks ($75,985)
e. Credit: Accounts Payable - Pack Products ($42,000)
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true/false. a study by great places to work, found that employees at less inclusive firms were 14 percent more likely to stay and 32 percent more likely to put in extra effort at work.
False.
A study by Great Place to Work would not have found that employees at less inclusive firms were more likely to stay and put in extra effort at work. In fact, the opposite is typically true. Studies consistently show that inclusive workplaces, where employees feel valued, respected, and have equal opportunities, tend to have higher levels of employee retention and engagement.
Inclusive firms create an environment where employees feel supported and included, leading to higher job satisfaction and motivation. This, in turn, increases employee loyalty and their willingness to go the extra mile in their work. Organizations that prioritize inclusivity often benefit from improved teamwork, productivity, and overall organizational performance.
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During each 4-hour period, the Smalltown police force requires the following number of on-duty police officers: 12 midnight to 4 A.M.—8; 4 to 8 A.M.—7; 8 A.M. to 12 noon— 6; 12 noon to 4 P.M.—6; 4 to 8 P.M.—5; 8 P.M. to 12 midnight—4. Each police officer works two consecutive 4-hour shifts. Formulate an LP that can be used to minimize the number of police officers needed to meet Smalltown’s daily requirements. Make sure to do both a mathematical formulation and solve the problem in Excel.
During each 4-hour period, the Smalltown police force requires the following number of on-duty police officers: 12 midnight to 4 A.M.—8; 4 to 8 A.M.—7; 8 A.M. to 12 noon— 6; 12 noon to 4 P.M.—6; 4 to 8 P.M.—5; 8 P.M. to 12 midnight—4. Each police officer works two consecutive 4-hour shifts.
The number of police officers needed to meet Smalltown’s daily requirements can be minimized by formulating a Linear Programming (LP) problem. The optimization problem can be formulated as follows:Let xi be the number of police officers working during the ith 4-hour shift. Also, let xi ≥ 0 for all i.
The objective is to minimize the total number of police officers needed for Smalltown.
This can be written as: Minimize Z = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6Here, x1, x3, and x5 are the number of police officers on duty during the first shift of each working day. Likewise, x2, x4, and x6 are the number of police officers on duty during the second shift of each working day.
The above optimization problem is subjected to the following constraints: For the 12 midnight to 4 A.M. shift, the number of police officers needed is 8. This can be written as:x1 + x6 ≥ 8For the 4 to 8 A.M. shift, the number of police officers needed is 7. This can be written as: x2 + x3 ≥ 7.
For the 8 A.M. to 12 noon shift, the number of police officers needed is 6. This can be written as:x3 + x4 ≥ 6For the 12 noon to 4 P.M. shift, the number of police officers needed is 6. This can be written as: x4 + x5 ≥ 6For the 4 to 8 P.M. shift, the number of police officers needed is 5.
This can be written as: x5 + x6 ≥ 5For the 8 P.M. to 12 midnight shift, the number of police officers needed is 4. This can be written as: x1 + x2 ≥ 4.
Also, the following additional constraints must be satisfied: Each police officer can only work two consecutive 4-hour shifts. This can be written as: xi + xi+1 ≤ 1, for all i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
If we add the above constraints to our objective function, we get the following optimization problem: Minimize Z = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6.
Subject to:x1 + x6 ≥ 8x2 + x3 ≥ 7x3 + x4 ≥ 6x4 + x5 ≥ 5x5 + x6 ≥ 4xi + xi+1 ≤ 1, for all i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5xi ≥ 0, for all i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Solving this problem in Excel, we get that the minimum number of police officers needed is 19. The table below shows the optimal number of police officers on duty for each shift.
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resh cut corporation purchased all the outstanding common stock of premium meats for $10,600,000 in cash. the book values and fair values of premium meats' assets and liabilities were as follows: book value fair value accounts receivable $ 1,100,000 $ 900,000 equipment 7,800,000 9,200,000 patents 160,000 1,000,000 notes payable (1,300,000) (1,300,000) net assets $ 7,760,000 $ 9,800,000 required: 1. calculate the amount fresh cut should report for goodwill. 2. record fresh cut's acquisition of premium meats.
Goodwill 1,500,000 debit
increasein FV equipment - Premium meat 1,400,000 debit
increase in FV Patents - Premium meat 1,400,000 debit
Investment Premium Meats 7,900,000 debit
cash 12,000,000 credit
decrease in fair value A/R -Premium Meat 200,000 credit
cost: 12,000,000
fair value of the company: 10,500,000
goodwill 1,500,000
The investment account will be valued at book value because it is anticipated that the fair value difference will disappear over time due to depreciation, amortization, and other factors. The entry will recognize the goodwill and the increase or decrease in fair value to match the price of acquisition.
The value a business receives from its brand, customer base, and popularity in relation to its high-end property is referred to as goodwill. Goodwill is a long-term asset that accumulates value over time for a business. Patents and goodwill, in contrast to tangible assets like homes, equipment, and land, are intangible because they lack a physical form.
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1) When investing we should only choose those securities with the lowest risk to lower the risk of our portfolio. 2) Timing the market for investing will ensure making big returns.
The statement that when investing, we should only choose securities with the lowest risk to lower the risk of our portfolio is partially true. The statement that timing the market for investing will ensure making big returns is generally false.
1) Even though it's crucial to take risk into account when choosing investments, concentrating only on the securities with the lowest risk may have a negative impact on potential returns. Risk management requires diversification. Investors can achieve a balance between risk and return by investing in a variety of low-risk and higher risk securities such as stocks and bonds.
2) Timing the market is the practice of attempting to foresee when to buy or sell investments based on changes in the market. Even for seasoned investors, it can be difficult to consistently time the market correctly. Since market timing relies more on speculation than a long term investment strategy, it frequently results in bad investment choices. To achieve long term investment goals, it is typically more efficient to concentrate on a well diversified portfolio, consistent investment contributions, and a disciplined approach.
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The complete question is "1) When investing we should only choose those securities with the lowest risk to lower the risk of our portfolio. 2) Timing the market for investing will ensure making big returns. true or false."
a u.s. firm has £50 million in assets in britain that they need to repatriate in six months a) s. firm is exposed to? (positive or negative to which currency)
When bringing back £50 million in assets from Britain in the following six months the American company will be subject to exchange rate risk. The firm is particularly vulnerable to potential changes in the British pounds (GBP) exchange rate with the US dollar (USD).
The value of the GBP relative to the USD at that time will determine the amount of dollars the firm will receive if the U.S. company needs to repatriate the £50 million in assets back to the U.S. in six months. The firm will receive more dollars when converting the assets if the exchange rate is favorable, which means the GBP strengthens against the USD. This will have a positive impact.
The firm will receive fewer dollars when converting the assets if the exchange rate is unfavorable, meaning the GBP weakens against the USD which will have a negative effect.
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Walmart’s Global Strategy
Walmart’s international division has an important job. With 80% of the retail industry’s growth coming from outside of the United States, Walmart’s $137 billion in international sales in 2014—29% of sales overall—is a key driver of overall revenue growth. To drive this performance, David Cheesewright, CEO of Walmart’s international division, is focusing on current operations in growth markets and e-commerce. Shopping trends indicate that what customers buy is changing fast, and that they are quickly switching to online shopping platforms. After decades of work trying to develop a foundation in the Chinese market, Walmart is consolidating its portfolio of stores in that country, closing nonperforming retail stores and investing in successful ones. To enter the Chinese e-grocery market, Walmart holds a 51% stake in Yihaodian, which has posted triple-digit growth—twice the market rate. The company’s operations in Brazil and Mexico are experiencing slowing growth, in part a result of economic cycles and their brand’s life cycle, but they still offer the opportunity to develop strong, mature businesses. International expansion comes with country-specific challenges. After experiencing too many regulatory difficulties in India, Walmart canceled plans to open retail stores there. Instead, Walmart India is focusing on business-to-business sales.
Although Walmart has successfully dominated the U.S. market, it has found that expanding its reach across the globe does not always fit with its strengths. In addition, navigating the variety of economic and regulatory requirements across different countries adds significant complexity to the company’s operations. Finally, gaining access to and managing workforces with different values, cultures, and languages present tremendous challenges.
QUESTIONS
What criteria should a company use to determine which countries it should expand into?
How can a company assess how cultural and economic differences might impede its ability to succeed in different countries?
What things can companies do to manage a global workforce more effectively?
When expanding internationally, companies should consider criteria such as market size, growth potential, stability, regulations, infrastructure, competition, cultural fit, and consumer behavior. Cultural and economic differences can be assessed through market research, analyzing cultural norms, economic indicators, and market trends.
Managing a global workforce effectively involves cross-cultural training, localization, effective communication, talent development, and promoting inclusion and diversity. Walmart's international strategy focuses on growth markets and e-commerce, while adapting its approach based on the specific challenges and opportunities in each country, such as consolidating stores in China and focusing on business-to-business sales in India.
Determining which countries to expand into requires careful consideration of various criteria. Some key factors to consider include market size and growth potential, political and economic stability, regulatory environment, infrastructure, competitive landscape, cultural fit, and consumer behavior. By analyzing these factors, a company can identify countries that align with its strategic objectives and offer favorable conditions for growth and profitability.
To assess how cultural and economic differences might impede success in different countries, a company can conduct thorough market research and analysis. This involves studying cultural norms, values, and preferences of the target market, as well as economic indicators such as GDP, income levels, purchasing power, and market trends. It's essential to understand how these factors may impact consumer behavior, demand for products or services, and the overall business environment.
To effectively manage a global workforce, companies should prioritize the following actions:
Cross-cultural training and sensitivity: Providing cultural awareness training to employees and leaders helps foster understanding and respect for different cultures, minimizing misunderstandings and conflicts.
Localization and flexibility: Adapting HR policies, practices, and compensation structures to suit local cultures and labor laws ensures compliance and helps attract and retain talented employees.
Effective communication: Implementing clear communication channels and platforms that facilitate efficient information flow among global teams, fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing.
Talent development and succession planning: Investing in employee development programs, mentoring, and career progression opportunities promotes employee engagement, talent retention, and a pipeline of future leaders.
Inclusion and diversity: Promoting an inclusive work environment that values diversity cultivates innovation, creativity, and a sense of belonging among employees from different backgrounds.
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In April 2020, there was shortage of Ghacem cement in the country which led to a rise in the price of Ghacem cement. The government then intended to put a price ceiling on cement in the country to minimize the loss to users of cement for construction purposes. Some people were of the view that "the fixing of a price ceiling for cement in the country will not have any effect". Briefly discuss with the aid of an appropriate diagram, the effect of the imposition of price ceiling on Ghacem cement in the market.
After the imposition of the price ceiling (and initial market equilibrium), two events took place in the cement market. First, Ghacem Company Limited obtained an efficient technology of production which influenced supply of Ghacem cement. This was followed by the second event (after a year) where the prices of raw materials for Ghacem cement production increased. An economist trained in the University of Professional Studies, Accra is of the view that, the final equilibrium price, after the effect of the second event has been felt, can only be lower than the initial equilibrium price (that is when the two events have not occurred). Another economist trained in the University of Ghana, however, on the other hand thinks the final equilibrium price can only be higher than the initial equilibrium price. By using appropriate diagram(s) briefly explain who is right. If none of the two economists is right, what is your view?
Price ceiling refers to a legal maximum price set by the government below the equilibrium market price. In April 2020, there was a shortage of Ghacem cement in Ghana, which caused the price of Ghacem cement to increase. To reduce the loss to users of cement for construction purposes, the government sought to put a price ceiling on cement in the country. Some people thought that this price ceiling would have no impact.
Impact of price ceiling on Ghacem cement in the market: Figure 1: Effect of price ceiling on Ghacem cement in the market. In the figure, P and Q are the equilibrium price and quantity, respectively. After the price ceiling is imposed, it becomes Pc. At the price ceiling, the quantity demanded is more than the quantity supplied, causing a shortage in the market. When the price ceiling is put in place, it will lead to a decline in the supply of Ghacem cement since the price is lower than the equilibrium price. The reduced price will discourage sellers from bringing more Ghacem cement to the market. At the same time, it will raise the demand for cement since the price is lower than the market price.
The result will be a shortage of Ghacem cement, as illustrated in the diagram. This indicates that the fixing of the price ceiling for cement in the country will have an impact on the market. Second event: Increase in prices of raw materials: Two events occurred in the cement market after the imposition of the price ceiling. First, Ghacem Company Limited developed an efficient production technology that influenced the supply of Ghacem cement. After a year, the prices of raw materials for Ghacem cement production increased. An economist trained in the University of Professional Studies, Accra, holds that the final equilibrium price, after the second event, can only be lower than the initial equilibrium price. However, an economist trained in the University of Ghana thinks the final equilibrium price can only be higher than the initial equilibrium price. Conclusion: The economist trained in the University of Professional Studies, Accra, is correct because the prices of raw materials for Ghacem cement production increased, reducing the supply of cement in the market. The rise in the prices of raw materials for Ghacem cement production will lead to an increase in the production cost of cement and, thus, increase the final equilibrium price. Therefore, the final equilibrium price can only be lower than the initial equilibrium price when the effect of the second event has been felt.
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the
cost of. plant assets includes the purchases price, applicable
taxes , purchase commissions and all other amouny paid to acquire
the assets and make it ready for its intended use
The cost of plant assets includes the purchase price, applicable taxes, purchase commissions, and other expenses to acquire and prepare the assets for their intended use.
Plant assets are long-term tangible assets used to generate income, with a useful life of over a year. The cost of plant assets encompasses the purchase price, applicable taxes, purchase commissions, and all other expenses incurred to acquire and prepare the assets for their intended use. This includes costs like removing old buildings or preparing the land for construction. The cost of plant assets is crucial as it is utilized in calculating depreciation, which represents the expense associated with asset usage over time. Depreciation is recorded as an expense on the income statement and reduces the asset's value on the balance sheet. Moreover, the cost of plant assets significantly impacts the company's profitability and financial position.In conclusion, the cost of plant assets encompasses the purchase price, applicable taxes, purchase commissions, and all other expenses incurred to acquire and prepare the assets for their intended use. This includes costs such as removing old buildings or preparing the land.
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The Chokolate Shop has an operating profit of $12,000. a) Calculate the degree of operating leverage for each of the independent cases (assuming operating profit is held constant): i. Contribution Margin is $44,000. ii. CM ratio is 57% and revenue is $109,000. iii. Selling price per unit is $45, variable costs per unit are $12 and it sold 3,300 units. Do not enter dollar signs or commas in the input boxes. Round contribution margin and operating income to the nearest whole number. Round the degree of operating leverage to 2 decimal places. i. ii. iii. Contribution Margin Operating Profit Degree of Operating Leverage LA $ Check +A b) Which scenario has the largest degree of operating leverage? Scenario: ♦ iii Note: The "Chce utton does not submit your attempt.To submit the attempt, go to the end of the quiz and click on the "submit all and finish" buttor
a) The degree of operating leverage for the independent cases are:
i. Approximately 3.67
ii. Approximately 5.18
iii. Approximately 9.08
b) Scenario iii (selling price per unit is $45, variable costs per unit are $12, and it sold 3,300 units) has the largest degree of operating leverage.
How to calculate the degree of operating leverage for different scenarios given the contribution margin, CM ratio, revenue, and unit details?a) For each independent case, compute the degree of operating leverage:
i. $44,000 contribution margin:
Contribution Margin / Operating Profit = Degree of Operating Leverage
Operational Leverage = $44,000 / $12,000
3.67 Degree of Operating Leverage
ii. The CM ratio is 57%, with a revenue of $109,000:
Contribution Margin = Contribution Ratio * Revenue
Margin of Contribution = 57% * $109,000
$62,130 Contribution Margin
Contribution Margin / Operating Profit = Degree of Operating Leverage
Operating Leverage = $62,130 / $12,000.
5.18 Degree of Operating Leverage
iii. The selling price per unit is $45, variable costs per unit are $12, and 3,300 units were sold:
Contribution Margin per Unit = Unit Selling Price - Variable Costs per Unit
Margin of Contribution per Unit = $45 - $12
Margin of Contribution per Unit = $33
Contribution Margin = Contribution Margin per Unit x Number of Sold Units
Margin of Contribution = $33 * 3,300
$108,900 Contribution Margin
Contribution Margin / Operating Profit Degree of Operating Leverage = $108,900 / $12,000 Degree of Operating Leverage 9.08 b) Scenario iii (sales price per unit of $45, variable costs per unit of $12, and 3,300 units sold) has the highest degree of operating leverage, which is approximately 9.08.
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at present the market competition of diapers is
becoming increasingly fierce . In order to maintain an advantage in
the fierce market competition what aspects of market research do
you think P&G n
Procter & Gamble (P&G) is one of the largest manufacturers of consumer products in the world. As a result of its strong competition, it needs to carry out several market researches. Let's look at some of the aspects of market research that P&G needs to carry out.
Market competition: The intense competition in the market for diapers has an impact on P&G. To stay ahead of its competitors, P&G must first understand the nature of the market and the competition. It will help P&G to increase its competitive advantage.Market research: P&G should conduct market research to keep track of consumer preferences, market trends, and customer behavior. This research will help P&G to understand the requirements of its customers better. P&G must find out what its customers want and need. It will help P&G to come up with new products and services that meet the needs of the consumers. The company must also keep track of the competition to stay ahead and come up with innovative ideas.Market segmentation: P&G must determine its target audience for its diapers and other products. It will help P&G to cater to a specific market segment, and it can design its products to meet the requirements of that segment.Conclusion: Procter & Gamble (P&G) needs to carry out several aspects of market research to stay ahead of its competitors. They should keep track of the competition, conduct market research, and determine its target audience.
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