A silent mutation occurs when a mutation is not changing any amino acid coded for that codon. so, they are also known as missense mutation.
In general, Nucleotide substitutions may lead to no change in the protein sequence which known as silent mutations. so , we can say that a silent mutation is a mutation that occurs within the DNA sequence, but they do not alter the amino acid sequence. These mutations takes place in an introns, that is spliced before translation.
Hence, example may include Single nucleotide substitutions they are not involved in changing any of the amino acid sequence so termed as silent polymorphisms. Mutation in these base pair will also not change the function of the protein.
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Where is mucus present?
Mucus lines the inside of several body organs and cavities (such as the nose, mouth, lungs, and stomach).
Mucus is produced by membranes in the nasal passages and sinuses, in addition to the digestive tract, the cervix, and the urinary tract. Mucus' primary function is to prevent foreign particles and chemicals from getting into the lungs by working in conjunction with the mucociliary system and clearing them out.
Mucus is full of antibodies and enzymes, and it helps our immune systems by functioning as a natural filter for the bacteria that we come into contact with on a regular basis. Its purpose is to eliminate or render harmless any potentially hazardous bacteria that may be present in the air.
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What is meant by monohybrid cross?
A specific form of a cross between two species known as a monohybrid cross only combines one trait at a time. For example, a pea plant hybrid between a tall and a short pea plant. the monohybrid cross-tat The genotype ratio under Mendelian inheritance is 1:2:1.
Two homozygous individuals with the opposing phenotype for a certain genetic trait make up a monohybrid cross.
A cross between two monohybrid features (TT and tt) is referred to as a monohybrid cross. One gene is passed on by the monohybrid cross. Using Punnett Square makes it straightforward to show. To examine the expression of heterozygous genes transferred from parents to homozygous offspring, geneticists use monohybrid crosses. For the monohybrid cross, Mendel first used a pair of pea plants with two unique traits: one tall and the other dwarf. Through the cross-pollination of tall and dwarf plants, tall plants were created. Each hybrid plant was quite tall. He referred to this generation as the first hybrid generation, and his offspring were designated as Filial1 or F1 progeny (F1). He conducted an experiment with each of the seven dissimilar pairs and discovered that all of the F1 offspring had the same pattern of behavior, acting just like one of the parents. There was not even one other parent character.
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Which of the following is a feature of the "tube-within-a-tube" body plan in most animal phyla?A) The outer tube consists of a hard exoskeleton.B) The outer tube consists of digestive organs.C) The mouth and anus form the ends of the inner tube.D) The two "tubes" are separated by tissue that comes from embryonic endoderm.
Answer: C-the mouth and anus form the ends of the inner tube.
Explanation:
Why can animals with a lot of fat in their bodies live in places that are cold and don’t have a lot of food
Answer:
Explanation:
the fat insulated the body keeping it warm and the fat stores nutrients to keep the animal sustained
What is the benefit of having a high surface area to volume ratio?
High surface area to volume ratios operate as significant "driving forces" to accelerate thermodynamic processes that minimize free energy.
The surface area of a solid item is a measurement of the overall space that the thing's surface occupies.
The mathematical definition of surface area in the presence of curved surfaces is significantly more complex than the definition of arc length for one-dimensional curves or the definition of surface area for polyhedra (i.e., objects with flat polygonal faces), where the surface area is equal to the sum of the areas of its faces.
The surface area of smooth surfaces, such as spheres, is calculated using their parametric surface representation. This surface area definition, which is based on infinitesimal numbers, employs partial derivatives and double integration.
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3. Gwen has blue eyes. She got one allele from her blue-eyed mother and another allele from her brown-eyed father. What is Gwen's phenotype?
brown eyes
blue eyes
green eyes
blue and brown eyes
Answer: Her phenotype is Option 2: Blue Eyes.
Dictionary Definition of Phenotype: The set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
Explanation: The genes that make her eyes blue came from dominant alleles.
Answer:
brown eyes
Explanation:
The brown eye form of the eye color gene (or allele) is dominant, whereas the blue eye allele is recessive.
Part J: Relate Human Activity and Biodiversity
Do you think building eco-friendly homes that reduce greenhouse gas emissions could have positive effects on biodiversity? Explain your reasoning.
Yes, eco-friendly homes can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and have positive effects on biodiversity.
How do eco-friendly homes affect biodiversity?Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms, that are found in any ecosystem. During the development of the human lifestyle, there is a major loss of biodiversity is observed.
Nowadays, biodiversity is lost rapidly as a result of civilization, and different species of living organisms are becoming extinct because of pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, overuse, etc.
Therefore, eco-friendly homes that reduce greenhouse gas, by using natural things could have positive effects on biodiversity.
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What are 3 controllable and 3 uncontrollable risk factors?
Controllable risk factors are those that can be modified or changed through lifestyle choices or medical interventions. Uncontrollable risk factors are those that cannot be modified or changed.
Smoking is a major risk factor for many diseases, including lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke. Quitting smoking Controllable can significantly reduce the risk of these diseases. A diet high in saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, sodium, and added sugars Controllable can increase the risk of heart disease, risk factor stroke, and other chronic diseases. Eating a healthy diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats risk factor can lower the risk of these diseases. A Uncontrollable person's risk of certain diseases, such as heart disease and cancer, Uncontrollable risk factor can be influenced by their family history. Men have a higher risk of heart disease than women, while Uncontrollable risk factor women have a higher risk of osteoporosis and breast cancer.
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Explain how the result show that both light and chlorophyll must be present for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll absorbs energy from blue and red light waves during photosynthesis while reflecting green light waves, giving the appearance of a green plant.
Chlorophyll, a light-absorbing pigment found in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast, is what gives plants their green hue. Chloroplasts, which are tiny organelles found inside plant cells, are there to store solar energy. Despite the fact that there are numerous steps involved in photosynthesis, there are primarily two stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions. The light-dependent reaction, as its name implies, occurs inside the thylakoid membrane and necessitates a constant supply of sunshine. The light waves' energy is captured by the chlorophyll and transformed into chemical energy in the form of the molecules ATP and NADPH.
The Calvin Cycle's light-independent stage, which takes place in the stroma, or region between the chloroplast and thylakoid membranes, does not require light, hence the name light-independent reaction. In this phase, carbon dioxide is converted into carbohydrates like glucose using energy from the ATP and NADPH molecules. However, not all types of photosynthesis are made equal. C3 photosynthesis and C4 photosynthesis are two of the various forms of photosynthesis. The majority of plants engage in C3 photosynthesis. It entails the Calvin Cycle producing 3-phosphoglyceric acid, a three-carbon molecule that later transforms into glucose.
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In Drosophila, the gene for eye color (A), wing shape (B), and body color (C) are all found on the same chromosome. The following crossover frequencies for these genes were determined by & trihybrid test-cross experiments. Determine the sequence of genes A, B, and C on a chromosome. There are two correct answers: Crossover Frequency 12% Genes A&B A&C B&C 18%
The correct sequence of the genes A, B and C found on the same chromosome can be : B A C or C A B.
Genes are the part of DNA sequences that code for a certain protein responsible for a particular trait. These genes are present upon the chromosomes. Each chromatid can contain multiple genes on it.
According to the question, the crossover frequency between genes B and C is 18 % hence they are the farthest (18% = 18 centi-Morgan). And the frequency between genes A & B and A & C is 12% and 6% respectively. Therefore the distance of B and C is the sum of the remaining two. This determines the sequence could be B A C or C A B.
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The skin helps regulate body temperature by perspiration, which allows excess heat to leave the body. If you lost the ability to sweat, what could happen to you if you were running a marathon.
If you lost the ability to sweat, Dehydration occurs when the fluid lost through sweating is not sufficiently replaced.
Sweating too little can pose potentially serious health risks. Strenuous exercise, hard physical labor, or hot weather can lead to heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and even heat stroke if decreased sweating affects large parts of the body and prevents adequate cooling.
The number one reason for not sweating is dehydration. If you don't drink enough water before and after exercise, your body is at risk of becoming severely dehydrated. Sweat is mostly water, so not having enough in your body means you can't produce enough sweat. Very healthy people sweat more than unhealthy people.
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What is the genotypic ratio for 50 50?
A test-cross should result in 50% of all children having the bb genotype and a white phenotype if the male is Bb as previously described. After a testcross to a heterozygous person, there should always be an about 1:1 ratio between the dominant and recessive characteristics. Therefore, the genotypic to phenotypic ratio in this instance is 50:50.
The parts of an organism's genome that make up its genotype. The set of alleles or genetic variations that a person possesses inside a certain gene or genetic area is also referred to as their genotype. The number of copies of each chromosome found in that species, or ploidy, determines how many alleles a person can have for a given gene. Each person has two alleles for each gene since humans are diploid (have two full sets of chromosomes). Homozygous is the term used to describe a genotype where both alleles are the same. The genotype is referred to as heterozygous when there are two distinct alleles.
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How are genes passed from parent to children?
The male and female gametes contain half sets of genes which combine to form a zygote which develops into a fetus. Thus the genes in children are passed through gametes from the parents.
An egg from the mother and sperm from the father combine to form a fetus. As a result, half of the baby's DNA comes from the mother and half from the father.
The genetic information required for the proteins is encoded in the DNA. There are various genes that code for different proteins. But all the genes do not code for their respective proteins at the same time, they are regulated by a mechanism that can switch the gene on and off as required. This is called gene regulation. This regulation results in the production of products by a pacific gene and is called gene expression.
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Example of Gateaway drugs
Depressants
Stimulants
Narcotics
Hallucinogens
Inhalants
Answer:
hallucinogens
Explanation:
they make one to hallucinate.
Of the following routes of administration, which will produce the fastest onset of effects? O Intramuscular injection. O Inhalation. O Using a rectal suppository. O Rubbing it on the head.
Intravenous injection is the most effective approach for quickly and accurately distributing a certain amount throughout the body. It is also used for irritating solutions that would cause pain and tissue damage if supplied by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection.
Intravenous therapy (IV therapy) is a medical practice that involves injecting fluids, medicines, and nutrients directly into a patient's vein. Intravenous administration is extensively used for rehydration or to provide nutrients to people who are unable or unwilling to swallow food or drink by mouth due to reduced mental states or other causes.
It can also be used to administer medications or other types of medical therapy, such as blood products or electrolytes, to balance electrolytes. Attempts to administer intravenous therapy date back to the 1400s, but the practice did not become widespread until the 1900s, after protocols for safe and successful use were developed.
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How can vegetarians make sure they get enough protein?
Vegetarians make sure they get enough protein by adding Beans and lentils ,Soy products ,Whole grains, Nuts and seeds in their daily meals .
Protein is one of the most essential nutrients for daily life , as they are required to help your body repair cells and make new ones. Protein also plays crucial role in growth and development in children and expecting mothers .
In general , proteins are required for the repairing and building your body's tissues, They also allows metabolic reactions to occurs at place for easy body function . so we can say that protein is crucial for maintaining structural framework of body and also helps in maintaining fluid balance .
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A country has the following population statistics: crude birth rate = 12% crude death rate = 8% immigration = 2.8% emigration = 0.5% What is the growth rate of the population in this country?
A. 6.3
B. -0.7
C. 1.5
D. 1.6
Answer:A. 6.3 ong
Explanation:
ong
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the methodological advantage of twin studies: . Twin studies use both self-report and peer report.
B. Because twins share DNA it is possible to estimate the contribution of genetics to their personality and behavior.
C. Because twins share genetics and live in the same environment they provide information about both nature and nurture.
D. Because there are two participants the findings always replicate.
Twin studies involve identical or fraternal twins. They aim to demonstrate environmental and genetic influences on traits, phenotypes, and disorders therefore, option b is the right choice.
Behavioral genetics, biology, and psychology use twin research. Behavior genetics uses siblings, adoption, pedigree, and twin studies to study genetics. These studies have tracked everything from personality to schizophrenia symptoms.
"Identical" or monozygotic twins share essentially 100% of their genes, so most differences between them (such as height, susceptibility to boredom, intelligence, depression, etc.) are due to experiences one twin has but not the other.
Like siblings, "fraternal" or dizygotic twins share 50% of their genes. Twins share their uterine environment, parenting style, education, wealth, culture, and community because they are born into the same family. Discordance—the presence of a genetic or phenotypic trait in only one twin—provides a powerful window into environmental effects on such traits.
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Choose all that apply - what are some problems associated with the
release of extra carbon dioxide?
killing corals
dying forests
global warming
famine for people
droughts
Determine which of the following sequences and structures represent part of mature eukaryotic mRNA.
- termination sequence
- 5'-UTR
- poly-A tail
- 3'-UTR
- start codon
- intron
- 5'-cap
- AAUAAA
- stop codon
- promoter
A portion of mature eukaryotic mRNA is represented by the sequences and structures of the stop codon poly-A tails 3'-UTR start codon 5'-UTR and AAUAAA.
What characterizes a eukaryotic?Eukaryote refers to any species or organism that possesses a unique nucleus. A nuclear membrane encircles the nuclear of a multicellular organism, which is home to the distinct chromosomal structures that store the genetic material.
Do eukaryotes possess DNA?In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA is tightly wound around protein aggregates called histones. Genetic material is often far less abundant in prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic ones. Each human cell contains about 2m, or 3 million base pairs, of DNA, which must be compressed to fit on the inside of the nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include three distinct nuclear RNA polymerases, each of which transcribes a distinct class of genes.
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Please help me with biology works
I need this ASAP
Answer:
H
Explanation:
I can’t even see the questions
The point at which the nerves from the left side of the body cross over into the right side of the brain, and vice versa, is the __________. Group of answer choices
The point where the nerve passes from the left side of the body to the right side of the brain and vice versa is the medulla oblongata.
The medulla oblongata, also called the medulla oblongata, the lowest part of the brain, the lowest part of the brainstem. The medulla oblongata is connected to the midbrain via the pons, enters posteriorly into the spinal cord, and joins at an opening in the base of the skull (foramen magnum).
The left hemisphere controls the right half of the body, and vice versa because of a crossing of the nerve fibres in the medulla or, less commonly, in the spinal cord. Although the right and left hemispheres are mirror images of each other in many ways, there are important functional differences.
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giving a large number of points to whoever answers this
31. The cell membrane is primarily made up of these - E. phospholipids
32. The hydrophilic part of a phospholipid - A. phospholipid head
33. The hydrophobic part of a phospholipid - H. phospholipid tail
34. Protein that facilitates passive transport - D. channel protein
35. Protein that facilitates active transport - J. carrier protein
36. Molecule that stabilizes the membrane - G. cholesterol
37. Molecule that aids in cell recognition and signaling - I. carbohydrate molecule
38. A substance that can undergo facilitated diffusion - C. negatively charged ions
39. A substance that undergoes active transport - F. positively charged ions
40. Cellular energy needed for active transport - B. ATP
What are phospholipids?Phospholipids are the main lipid that is found in the cell membrane.
The structure of phospholipids is that they have a hydrophilic head group and a hydrophobic tail.
They are arranged in the form of bilayers in cell membranes.
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What conclusions can be drawn cross I and cross II? explain how the data support your conclusions for each other
Cross I and Cross II obey the law of dominance and the law of segregation, respectively, according to the mendelian pattern of inheritance.
The F1 has only shown a single dominant trait when mating with two pure breeding Geno types. By selfing two F1 parents, it was also discovered that the mono hybrid F2 ratio of 3:1 is followed by the progeny population.
The phenotype ratio of the dihybrid test cross is 1:1:1:1 or
The dihybrid test cross ratio's observed and predicted results do not significantly differ from one another.
Number of phenotypes Equals degrees of freedom -1= 4-1= 3
Critical Chi square value with 3 degrees of freedom and 5% level of the table significance is 7.82.
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Note: The missing table in the diagram is given bellow,
Both the volume and the surface area for three different cells were measured. These values are listed in the following table. Using data from the table above, select the best explanation for why that cell will be able to eliminate waste most efficiently? Cell 2, since it has the highest ratio of surface area to volume, which facilitates the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment Cell 1, since it has the smallest volume and wilt not produce as much waste as the other cells. Cell 3, since it has the largest surface area, which will enable it to eliminate all of its wastes efficiently. Cell 3, because it is big enough to allow wastes to easily diffuse through the plasma membrane.
The cell 3 will have the ability to remove the waste highly efficiently and easily.
The best explanation for why a cell will be able to eliminate waste most efficiently is Cell 3, as it has the largest surface area, which will enable it to eliminate all of its wastes efficiently. Larger cells have a smaller surface-area-to-volume ratio than smaller cells, meaning that they have to rely on their larger surface area to facilitate the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment. As such, having a larger surface area will enable a cell to eliminate all of its wastes efficiently.
Cell 1 and cell 2 owing to there small surface area will not be that efficient at removing waste. So, for exchange of waste more surface is required in addition to having a good concentration difference between inside and outside of the cell.
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Help? I don't understand
Answer:
Secondary succession is more common and usually occurs faster than primary succession because the substrate is already present.
Explanation:
Hope it helped:)
What are some examples of social issues
Answer:
In the USA especially the major social issues are
Wage inequality.
Healthcare.
Housing
Voting rights
Reproductive rights
Book banning in schools
LGBTQ+ rights.
Explanation: there are a lot more those are just what I believe are the most popular social issues currently
HELP ASAP!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST + 100 PTS!!! NEED HELP NOW.
Answer: look that junk up
Explanation:
Can chronic diseases be treated?
Surgery, physiotherapy, psychotherapy, and radiation therapy are just some of the options available for treating chronic diseases.
In most cases, chronic diseases can be managed, but not cured, over the long term. In addition to dealing with acute health problems and complications that can shorten life expectancy, people with chronic illnesses frequently deal with daily symptom management that negatively impacts their quality of life.
Medication, however, is a common treatment option. Medication costs are a major part of health care spending in Australia and other developed countries, accounting for 13% of the total in 200607.4 In 2008, 4 billion prescriptions were filled, and many of these were for long-term conditions. Prevention and management of chronic diseases, especially when multiple medications are required, can be taxing.
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During which stage of the cell cycle does the cell condense chromosomes and break down the nuclear envelope? anaphase prophase metaphase telophase
During prophase of the cell cycle, the cell condenses its chromosomes and breaks down the nuclear envelope.
A cell cycle, also known as a cell-division cycle is defined as a series of events which take place in a cell as it is growing and dividing in order to form two daughter cells. A cell cycle has a few different stages namely prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
Prophase is the first stage of both mitosis as well as meiosis. In the prophase, the chromatin which is present in the cell is condensed in order to form chromosomes. The nuclear envelope, which is the membrane which surrounds the nucleus of the cells also starts breaking done.
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