The purpose of the blood–brain barrier is to protect against circulating toxins or pathogens that could cause brain infections.
What is the formula of capillary tube?
The formula for calculating the height of the liquid raised or decreased in a capillary tube is h=2Scosθρgr where height of the liquid is denoted as h, surface tension of the liquid is s and r is the radius of the tube and ρ is the density of liquid.
Capillary tubes are narrow cylindrical tubes with very small diameters. If these tubes are dipped in a liquid then the height of the liquid will either rise or decrease. Such a phenomenon is known as capillarity. The formula to compute the height of the liquid raised or decreased is known as a capillarity formula. The formula has been calculated by analysing all the forces applied on the liquid. Considering the force of attraction between the surface of the capillary tube and the molecules of the liquid, it develops a shape. The angle created by the edge of the liquid with the vertical tube plane is known as contact angle which is denoted by θ.
It can be formulated as h=2Scosθρgr.
In the above formula, height of the liquid is denoted as h, surface tension of the liquid is s and r is the radius of the tube and ρ is the density of liquid.
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What was Claire's diagnosis?
According to Claire's diagnostic, her small intestine either lacks or just contains a very little amount of proteolytic enzymes.
According to Claire's diagnosis, the lack of or decline in proteolytic enzymes in the small intestine may be the cause of the sluggish protein digestion. For the protein digestion process to be quick, as a digestion process by enzymes must be, these enzymes must be present in the small intestine in amounts that are acceptable. This is because a shortage of enzymes causes the metabolic processes to slow down because enzymes are in charge of accelerating them.
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extracellular endolymph surrounding the organ of corti contains fluid: a) high in potassium and low in sodium b) high in potassium and sodium c) low in potassium and high in sodium d) low in potassium and sodium
The high in potassium and low in sodium is theextracellular endolymph surrounding the organ of corti contains fluid.
Endolymph, additionally called Scarpa fluid, is a clean fluid which could discovered withinside the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear. It is particular in composition as compared to different extracellular fluids withinside the frame because of its excessive potassium ion concentration (one hundred forty mEq/L) and coffee sodium ion concentration (15 mEq/L).
Note that simplest the floor of the organ of Corti is bathed in endolymph (significantly the stereocilia of the hair cells), at the same time as the primary frame of hair cells and guide cells are bathed in perilymph. There are varieties of perilymph: the perilymph of the scala vestibuli, and that of the scala tympani.
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What is the distinguishing characteristic of snails?
The snail is equipped with a spiral-shaped shell that works as armor in any dangerous condition. The entire soft body of the snail moves inside the shell.
The snails come under the gastropods family of Mollusca. They lack a backbone ( invertebrates). The major portion of snails is the head, neck, visceral hump, tail, and foot. The radula serves as the molluscan tongue. The entire organ system is enveloped in an external shell. Snail move on the ground with the help of the muscular feet. The snails have both male and female gender. The external shell is made from the secretion of the mantle of the snail.
Hence, external shell is amusing feature of snail among other organism.
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What is the name of the process where adaptations that are beneficial for survival in a particular environment get passed on to offspring?
The name of the process where adaptations that are beneficial for survival in a particular environment get passed on to offspring is called Natural selection.
Natural selection is the mechanism through which living creature populations adapt and change People in a population are naturally diverse, which means they vary in certain ways.
This variation shows that some persons are more environment-adapted than others in terms of their personal traits. Individuals that possess adaptive features (traits that provide them an advantage) are more likely to live and reproduce.
Individuals then pass on their adaptive characteristics to their children. These beneficial features grow increasingly widespread in the population over time. Natural selection ensures that beneficial traits are handed down across generations.
Natural selection can result in speciation, which occurs when one species gives rise to a new and separate species. It is one of the mechanisms that drives evolution and contributes to our understanding of the variety of life on Earth.
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What are the functions of the mammalian kidney?
Answer: The kidneys remove from the blood the nitrogenous wastes such as urea, as well as salts and excess water, and excrete them in the form of urine.
Explanation:
The functions of the mammalian kidney are water retention, filtration of blood, excretion of nitrogenous waste, regulation of salt balance in the blood, and production of urea. The correct options are a, b, c, d, and e.
What are kidneys?In vertebrates, the kidneys are two reddish-brown, bean-shaped organs. The nitrogenous wastes, such as urea, salt, and extra water, are removed from the blood by the kidneys, which then excrete them as urine. Wastes and extra fluid are removed from your body by your kidneys.
Additionally, your kidneys eliminate acid that is created by your body's cells and keep the levels of water, salts, and minerals in your blood—such as sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium—in a healthy range.
Therefore, the correct options are
water retention filtration of blood excretion of nitrogenous waste regulation of salt balance in the blood production of ureaTo learn more about kidneys, refer to the below link:
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
water retention
filtration of blood
excretion of nitrogenous waste
regulation of salt balance in the blood
production of urea
How do you calculate the number of seedlings?
Answer: for 4 tomato plants their are 120 pea seedlings and it is calculated by multiplying the seedlings between plants spacing and within the spacing between the rows and detailed explanation is given below.
Explanation:
Add up the total number of row feet you have available for the crop , if you have two,5 foot rows available for peas ,their are total 10 row feet to fill .if at this point it is usually easiest to convert the number of feet to inches ,since most seed and plant recommendations are in inch spacing . then take the total number of inches available for the crop and divided by the row crop spacing for instance ,120 in divided by 1 ,per pea seed equals 120 pea seeds.96 divided by 24m per tomato plant equals 4tomato plants.
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1. Experimental results are compared against
the results of controls. How can controls
improve an experiment? sc.6.N.1.3
Aby ensuring that the experiment tests
only one variable
B by allowing for the experiment to test as
many variables as possible
D
by making sure everything in the
experiment remains constant
by guaranteeing that the experimental
outcome verifies the hypothesis
How do controls improve an experiment?
Not only do controls establish a baseline that the results of an experiment can be compared to, they also allow researchers to correct for possible errors. If something goes wrong in the experiment, a scientist can check on the controls of the experiment to see if the error had to do with the controls.
In your case your anwser: B. by allowing for the experiment to test as many variables as possible
I hope this helped and Merry Christmas!
Egg and sperm cells are (blank)
and contain a (blank)
number of chromosomes.
possible answers :
-sex cells, diploid
-gametes, haploid
-body cells, diploid
Answer:
sex cells, diploid
How many mm are capillaries?
Capillaries are about 5-10 micrometers in diameter.
1 micrometer = 10-6m = 10-3mm
A capillary is a small blood vessel. They are the smallest blood vessels in the body which convey blood between arterioles and venules.
There are 10 billion capillaries in the human body. The average length of capillary is based on certain measurements is about 0.23mm. Capillaries are delicate blood vessels, and they transport nutrients, blood and oxygen to cells in your organs and body system. The smallest blood vessels in human vascular system are capillaries. Capillaries are often referred to as micro circulation and they deliver oxygen and nutrients to all cells in the body and eliminate carbon dioxide. Generally, capillaries are of two types viz.
Continuous fenestratedContinuous non fenestrated.Continuous capillaries are the most common type of capillary in your body. These capillaries are made up of type of cells called endothelial cells. The networks of capillaries have meshes of varying size. In the lungs in the choroid – the middle coat of the eyeball – the spaces between capillaries are smaller than the vessels themselves while in the outer coat of arteries - the Lunica Advantica – the inter capillary spaces are about ten times greater than the diameter of the capillaries. In general, inter capillary spaces are smaller in growing parts, in the glands and in mucous membranes, larger in bones and ligaments and almost absent tendons.Learn more about: arterioles, venules.
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What are two adaptations for gas exchange?
The two adaptations of gas exchange are: 1. Both capillaries and alveoli have walls that are made of a single cell. 2. Because of the alveoli's abundant blood supply and improved gas exchange.
O2 and CO2 diffuse from the alveoli into the blood and from the blood into the alveoli, respectively, in a process known as simple diffusion. A gradient in concentration is needed for diffusion.
As a result, a higher concentration (or pressure) of oxygen in the alveoli is required than in the blood, whereas a lower concentration (or pressure) of carbon dioxide is required. Breathing naturally assists us in this by constantly bringing in new air that is high in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide.e.
Our respiratory system is what causes us to breathe. The lungs, which are its main organ, are where oxygen (the air we breathe in) and carbon dioxide (the air we breathe out) are exchanged. Without this system, our body wouldn't be able to get the oxygen it needs to survive.
The body's main purpose is to get oxygen for the cells to consume and to get rid of the carbon dioxide that the cells make. includes the lungs themselves as well as the respiratory airways leading into (and out of) the lungs.
Air travels through the following structures in this order: nasal cavities (or oral cavity) > pharynx > trachea > primary bronchi (right & left) > secondary bronchi > tertiary bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli (site of gas exchange).
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Information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA. Your teacher asked you to explain to the class how DNA code
produces genetic traits in organisms. What is the best explanation?
Answer:
DNA carries all of the information for your physical characteristics, which are essentially determined by proteins. So, DNA contains the instructions for making a protein. In DNA, each protein is encoded by a gene (a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides that specify how a single protein is to be made).
Explanation:
What separated during meiosis 2?
Answer:
sister chromatids
Explanation:
Theres no science option so I put it in this category.
Drag the item from the item bank to its corresponding match.
change of velocity per time is acceleration
measure of quantity of matter is mass
measured value is distance
time is the first one
resistance to effort force is velocity
sometime in the not-too-distant future, a catastrophic event ends the world as we know it, leaving only one population of 20,000 humans in north america. we sample a neutrally evolving locus with only two alleles, and find that the a1a1 genotype occurs in 7200 people. what is the expected number of people that are heterozygous at this allele, assuming hardy-weinberg equilibrium? group of answer choices 3,200 7,200 9,600 12,000 12,800
According to hardy-weinberg equilibrium, 12,000 persons should be heterozygous for this gene.
How are the anticipated heterozygotes determined?In relation to allele frequency, p, expected heterozygosity (Hexp = 2pq) for a 2-allele system is shown. The heterozygosity reaches its apex at a value of 0.5 when the allele frequencies are equal (p=q). At both ends, it is negligible because everyone is a homozygote of one type or the other.
How is heterozygous calculated by Hardy-Weinberg?The proportion of heterozygous people is equivalent to 2pq. In this instance, 2pq is 0.32, which indicates that 32% of people are heterozygous for this gene (2 (0.8)(0.2) = 0.32).
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Why is the endoplasmic reticulum important for survival?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that plays crucial roles in a number of cellular activities, including as protein secretion, lipid production, and intracellular calcium homeostasis which are necessary for cell survival and regular physiological operations. The cell cannot exist without the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic reticulum is the network of tubes and sac-like structures in a cell's cytoplasm, which resembles gel. The endoplasmic reticulum transports chemicals and proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum's outside surface can be either smooth or rough. The rough endoplasmic reticulum produces the necessary proteins for the cell and has several ribosomes on its surface. Other compounds that the cell requires, such as lipids (fats) and carbohydrates, are produced by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sugars). A cell organelle is the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Luis is studying agriscience in class and needs to list three challenges facing the agricultural industry today. Which of the
following would best complete his list? (5 points)
Challenges
• Water quality issues
• Climate change
O More farmers' markets opening
O Improvements in renewable energy
O Less available land to cultivate
O Decreasing world population
The world's expanding population, problems with water quality, and soil deterioration are some of the challenges that the agricultural industry is currently facing.
What is agriculture?Agriculture is defined as the study or practice of farming, which includes preparing the land for plant growth as well as raising animals for their meat, wool, and other goods.
Climate change and soil degradation difficulties, which reduce the appropriateness of the land for crop cultivation, are the most frequent issues that agricultural industries encounter.
Thus, the world's expanding population, problems with water quality, and soil deterioration are some of the challenges that the agricultural industry is currently facing.
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C. Less available land to cultivate.
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What is cancer and how does it relate to the cell cycle and mitosis?
Cancer is related to the cell cycle and mitosis because by drilling down to the atomic level of how specific proteins interact during mitosis, a a unique new target for attacking cancer is found.
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell( the mama ) divides to produce two new cells( the daughters) that are genetically identical to itself. In the environment of the cell cycle, mitosis is the part of the division process in which the DNA of the cell's nexus is resolve into two equal sets of chromosomes.
Cancer is a term for conditions in which abnormal cells divide without control and can incursion near apkins. Cancer cells can also spread to other corridor of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer.
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A couple has adopted three children from Korea and reared them in a loving home--two of the children are MZ twins and the third is unrelated to the first two. As adults, researchers find that a correlation of .6 on various personality characteristics between the MZ twins. Which of the following correlations would the researchers expect to find between the MZ twins and their adopted sister?
Select one:
a. .6
b. -.3
c. .3
d. .0
Answer:
d,becouse the researchers do not expect to find any thing.
Could there be a frameshift mutation that would not affect the structure and function of the resulting protein?.
It is possible the emergence of a frameshift mutation that does not affect the structure of a protein, but it will invariably modify its structure.
Happy Holidays!!
Answer:fqwfee
Explanation:fqqfewfqrqf
a condition when the coronary arteries are blocked thus preventing oxygenated blood from circulating within the heart is called:
A condition when the coronary arteries are blocked thus preventing oxygenated blood from circulating within the heart is called chronic total occlusion (CTO).
A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a blockage in your coronary corridors, the veins that supply blood to your heart. Plaque, a fatty substance that builds up and narrows your arteries, typically causes blockage. If you have coronary artery disease, your risk of developing a CTO is higher.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are more likely to experience chronic total occlusions. One in three people who suffer from CAD also has a CTO. A common heart condition is coronary artery disease. Coronary arteries, the major blood vessels that supply the heart, struggle to deliver sufficient blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the heart muscle.
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Is cystic fibrosis caused by deletion mutation?
Yes, cystic fibrosis caused by deletion mutation.
What are deletion mutations?A deletion mutation occurs when a wrinkle forms on the DNA template strand and subsequently causes a nucleotide to be omitted from the replicated strand.
It is a type of frameshift mutation characterized by the loss of one or more nucleotides from the segment of DNA. Example of deletion mutation is DiGeorge syndrome.
Deletions occur when there is homologous but unequal recombination between gene sequences. Similar sequences in the human genome can cross over during mitosis or meiosis, resulting in a shortened portion of the gene sequence.
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Increasing corticotropin-releasing factor levels will likely ___________________. Select all that apply.
decrease adrenocorticotropic hormone levels
increase thyroid hormone levels
increase cortisol levels
increase adrenocorticotropic hormone levels
inhibit anterior pituitary activity
Increasing corticotropin-releasing factor levels will likely increase adrenocorticotropic hormone levels.
The tiny gland located near the base of the brain known as the pituitary produces the hormone ACTH. One other hormone, cortisol, is produced under the influence of ACTH. The two tiny glands called the adrenal glands, which are situated above the kidneys, produce cortisol.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates the release of cortisol from your adrenal glands as its primary purpose. A vital hormone, cortisol has an impact on practically all of the organs and tissues in your body.
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When the 2 genes in a pair are identical it's called?
In genetics, homozygous means having inherited the same versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from both biological parents. As a result, a person who is homozygous for a genetic marker has two identical copies of that marker.
Each allele pair indicates the genotype of a single gene. Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles at a certain locus, while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles.
Synapsis. The pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis is known as synapsis. This occurs during the prophase of meiosis I.
When homologous chromosomes pair, the homologous chromosomes cross across and exchange genetic material at certain places. This is known as crossing over.
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Protozoa are known for their cell walls.True or False? Amoeba can be parasitic. True or false Bacteria have cell walls: true or falseA cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from which of the following? A)a bacterium B)a plant, but not an animal C)either a plant or an animal D)an animal but not a plant E) any kind of organismAmoeba are: a) anaerobic organisms b) aerobic organismsA cellular diameter of 40 micrometers is equivalent to: (a)0.4mm (b)0.04mm (c)40nm (d).4cmHow does the composition of bacterial cell walls differ from that of plant cell walls? a)Bacteria have an extensive network of crosslinked teichoic acids in their cell walls, while plant cell walls are composed primarily of cellulose b)Bacteria have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan, while plant cell walls are composed primarily of cellulose. c)Both plants and bacteria have cell walls composed of cellulose; the cellulose fibers are more extensively crosslinked in bacteria than in plant cells. d)Bacteria have cell walls composed of chitin, while plant cell walls are composed primarily of cellulose.Chloroplasts enables the Euglena to be photoautotrophic? true or falseA Trypanosome is a(n): a) Ciliate b) euglenozoan c) Brown algae d)loboseAmoebozoan aramecium are prey for: a)other protists. b)bacteria. c)other species of Paramcium d)land animals.Which of the following protozoa are parasites?a)Euglena b)Paramecium caudatum c)Trypanosoma cruzi d) Amoeba proteus e)Giardia intestinalis f) Plasmodium falciparum
The following are the answer to the given microorganisms related questions:
Cell walls of protozoa are well-known for this. (False)
Parasitic amoeba are possible. (True)
Cell walls exist in bacteria. (True)
Enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria are just a few of the chemicals and structures found in a cell. It might be: (C) either an animal or a plant.
An amoeba is: aerobic organisms (b)
40 micrometre cellular diameter is equivalent to: (b) 0.04mm
The Euglena is able to be photoautotrophic thanks to chloroplasts. (True)
A (n) trypanosome is: b) Prey species for euglenozoan Amoebozoan aramecium include: b) Parasites are bacteria and protozoa: Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium falciparum are parasites.
Bacterial cell walls different from plant cell walls in composition
Ans- (b) Cell walls of bacteria are made of peptidoglycan, whereas cellulose predominates in plant cell walls.
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What are the three main patterns of settlement in Western Europe?
The Climatic, Economic, Physical, and Traditional Factors other are the settlement in Western Europe.
In order to higher categorize which elements in the long run have an effect on agreement, geographers have usually typical 4 umbrella phrases to explain those elements: climatic, economic, physical, and traditionalThe 4 foremost sorts of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed.
Urban settlements are densely populated and are generally non-agricultural. They are referred to as towns or metropolises and are the maximum populated form of agreement. These settlements absorb the maximum land, resources, and services.The 3 foremost styles of agreement are linear, scattered, and clustered.
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PEA PLANT PUNNETT SQUARE WORKSHEET 1) Yellow seeds are dominant over green seeds in pea plants. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing homozygous recessive and homozygous dominant parents. Y Y y Yy Yy y Yy Yy Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________ 2) Green pod color is dominant over yellow pod color in pea plants. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing homozygous dominant and heterozygous parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: __________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: ________ 3) Round seeds are dominant over wrinkled seeds in pea plants. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing homozygous recessive and heterozygous parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________ 4) Smooth pod shape is dominant over constricted pod shape in pea plants. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing homozygous recessive and homozygous dominant parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________ 5) Tall pea plants are dominant over short pea plants. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing heterozygous and heterozygous dominant parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________ 6) The axial flower position is dominant over the terminal flower position. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing heterozygous and homozygous dominant parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________ 7) Gray seed coat color is dominant over white seed coat color. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing homozygous dominant and homozygous dominant parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________ 8) Tall pea plants are dominant over short pea plants. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from crossing homozygous recessive and homozygous recessive parents. Genotypes: __________________________ Genotypic Ratio: _________ Phenotypes: _________________________ Phenotypic Ratio: _________
Phenotypic ratios 1)1:0 yellow : green 2) 1:0 green : yellow 3) 1:1 4) 1:0 smooth constricted 5) 3:1 tall : short 6) 1:0 Axial : terminal 7) 1:0 grey : white 8)0:1 tall : short
Phenotypic ratios are quantitative relationships between phenotypes that illustrate how frequently one phenotype is correlated with another. Researchers utilise the phenotypic ratio derived from a test cross to determine the gene expression for generations of an organism. The ratio of various phenotypes that are present in the progeny of a cross is known as the phenotypic ratio. Ratios are comparisons in numbers. The ratio of apples to oranges, for instance, would be 3:2 if someone possessed three apples and two oranges. It is projected that a cross between two heterozygous F1 hybrids will result in offspring with a 1:2:1 ratio of genotypes to phenotypes for that trait.
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What are 3 examples of prokaryotic cells?
Blue-green algae, bacteria, and mycoplasma are prokaryotes. Bacteria are the most prevalent and fastest-growing prokaryotes.
What kinds of cells are prokaryotic examples?Unlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells contain interior cellular bodies. Prokaryotes include different forms of bacteria and archaea. Eukaryotes include protists, fungi, plants, and mammals (everything except prokaryotes).
Prokaryotic cells, where are they?These single-celled organisms are present across the entire planet, from the dirt to human tissue. They differ in their architecture and shapes. The element of the cell wall that gives it structure is called peptiddoglycan. A few of the distinguishing features of bacteria are pili, flagella, and capsules.
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What is the specific purpose of meiosis 1?
The specific purpose of meiosis 1 is to reduce the chromosome number by half in order to produce haploid reproductive cells from a diploid cell.
What is a Diploid cell?
A diploid cell is a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent. Diploid cells are the basic structural unit of life for all living organisms. These cells are responsible for growth, repair, and reproduction.
What is meiosis 1?
Meiosis 1 is the first part of meiosis, a type of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells) for sexual reproduction. Meiosis 1 consists of two successive divisions of the cell's nucleus, resulting in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. During meiosis 1, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material, a process known as crossing over. The resulting cells are haploid, meaning they contain only one copy of each chromosome.
This process involves the separation of homologous chromosomes, which are pairs of chromosomes that contain the same genes.
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Why adenine and thymine have 2 hydrogen bonds while guanine and cytosine have 3 hydrogen bonds?
These pairings take place because of the geometry of the bases, which only permits hydrogen bonds to form between certain pairs. While cytosine and guanine will make three hydrogen bonds, adenine and thymine will only form two.
As a result of the alignment of adenine and thymine, a hydrogen bond can develop between the exocyclic amino group at C6 on adenine and the carbonyl at C4 in thymine, as well as between N1 of adenine and N3 of thymine. Hence a total of two hydrogen bonds are possible .Because the exocyclic NH2 at C2 on guanine stands opposite to and can form a hydrogen bond with a carbonyl at C2 on cytosine, the base pair of guanine and cytosine possesses three hydrogen bonds.
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