Answer:
increases; decreases
Explanation:
In accounting, cost of capital can be regarded as cost of a company's funds which are "debt and equity" . It could also be from an investor's point of view "the required rate of return required on existing securities" of company's portfolio . cost of capital is utilized in
evaluation of new projects of a company. Debt financing which is regarded as one that take place when there is a raise of money by a company through the selling of debt instruments to investors. Debt financing takes place when fixed income products like bonds is sold by a firm. It should be noted that For most firms, the cost of capital decreases to a low point as the firm increases debt financing. At some point beyond this optimal level, the cost of capital increases as the amount of debt decreases
XYZ Corp. has filled 100,000 purchase orders during its existence. 1,100 of the purchase orders have had errors. Using an empirical probability, the probability of the next purchase order having an error is
Answer:
1.1%
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what the probability of the next purchase order having an error is using
an empirical probability
Using this formula
Probability=Purchase orders errors/Purchase orders filled
Let plug in the formula
Probability=1100/100000
Probability=0.011*100
Probability=1.1%
Therefore using an empirical probability the probability of the next purchase order having an error is 1.1%
During the year, cost of goods sold was $320,000; income from operations was $304,000; income tax expense was $64,000; interest expense was $48,000; and selling, general, and administrative expenses were $176,000. Required: Calculate net sales, gross profit, income before taxes, and net income.
Answer:
total=1920,000
I Love The question
ow do each of the following events change the demand for or supply of jeans? A. The price of a denim skirt halves . B. People’s incomes increase . C. Upper A new technology becomes available that reduces the time it takes to manufacture a pair of jeans . D. The price of the cloth (denim )used to make jeans rises . E. Jeans go out of fashion . F. The price of a pair of jeans rises . G. The wage rate paid to garment workers falls . H. More specialty shops start to sell jeans .
Answer:
1. the quantity demanded of jeans increases
the quantity supplied of jeans decreases
2. the demand for jeans increases
3. the supply of jeans increases
4. the supply of jeans reduces
5. the demand for jeans falls
6. the quantity demanded of jeans decreases
the quantity supplied of jeans increases
7. the supply of jeans increases
8, the supply of jeans increases
Explanation:
Only a change in the price of a good leads to a movement along the supply curve (demand curve) for that good. If price increases, there is a movement up along the supply curve and if prices decreases, there is a movement down along the supply curve. This is in line with the law of supply.
according to the law of supply, the higher the price, the higher the quantity supplied and the lower the price, the lower the quantity supplied.
Other factors other than changes in the price of the good leads to a shift of the supply curve. Such factors include :
A change in the number of suppliers
a change in the price of substitute goods
A change in the price of factors used in the production process
government regulation
If price increases, there is a movement down along the demand curve and if prices decreases, there is a movement up along the demand curve. This is in line with the law of demand.
According to the law of demand, the higher the price, the lower the quantity demanded and the lower the price, the higher the quantity demanded.
Other factors lead to a shift of the demand curve. they include :
change in taste of the consumerchange in consumer's income season change in the price of substitutesA. the price of denim halves. there would be a change in the quantity demanded and supplied. quantity demanded increases while quantity supplied decreases
b. An increase in income would lead to a rightward shift of the demand curve. demand would increase
c. As a result of new technology, supply would increase. supply curve would shift outward
d. As a result of the rise in price of denim, it because more expensive to make jeans. supply would fall.
e. If jeans goes out of fashion, consumers would no longer buy jeans. the demand would fall
g. if wages fall, it becomes cheaper to make jeans, thus the supply increases
Karla bought her dress for the recital not because she liked the color and style, but because it made her feel good about herself, and she needed that confidence before performing. This represents the importance of the ________________ aspect of a product.
Answer:
Symbolic performance
Explanation:
The three types of performance of a product are:
1. Instrumental performance
2. Symbolic performance
3. Affective performance of a product
Instrumental performance
This simply talks about the physical functioning of the product.
Symbolic performance
This also is refered to as the aesthetic or image-enhancement performance of a product. it aim to enhance the consumers self-concept in the desired way. An example: earpods were symbolic of innovation but now even grandparents have them, therefore they don't enhance self-concept.
Affective performance
This is the emotional response that an individual derives or get when they own or are using a particular product or outlet.
1. A company purchased the following units of an inventory during the year:
Beginning inventory 10 units at $55
First purchase 25 units at $60
Second purchase 30 units at $65
Third purchase 15 units at $70
They use the periodic inventory system. During the year, 50 units of the item were sold. Using FIFO, the value of ending inventory is which of the following?
a. $1,350.
b. $1,150.
c. $1,375.
d. $1,250.
Answer:
$2,025
Explanation:
The computation of the value of the ending inventory is shown below:
But before that first we have to calculate the ending inventory units which is
= Beginning inventory + first purchase units + second purchase units + third purchase units - sold units
= 10 units + 25 units + 30 units + 15 units - 50 units
= 30 units
Now the ending inventory is
= 15 units × $70 + 15 units × $65
= $1,050 + $975
= $2,025
Express the following comparative income statements in common-size percents.
Using the common-size percentages, which item is most responsible for the decline in net income?
Income Statement Reason for
Decline in Net Income
GOMEZ CORPORATION
Comparative Income Statements
For Years Ended December 31
Current Year Prior Year %
Sales 770,000 $635,000
Cost of goods sold 568,100 284,400
Gross profit 201,900 350,600
Operating expenses 129,200 262,400
Net income 72,700 88,200
Using the common-size percentages, which item is most responsible for the decline in net income?
Answer:
Gomez Corporation
Using the common-size percentages, the item that is most responsible for the decline in net income in the current year when compared with the prior year is:
Cost of goods sold. It increased to 74% from 45% in prior year, an increase of about 100%.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
GOMEZ CORPORATION
Comparative Income Statements
For Years Ended December 31
Current Year % Prior Year %
Sales 770,000 100% $635,000 100%
Cost of goods sold 568,100 74% 284,400 45%
Gross profit 201,900 26% 350,600 55%
Operating expenses 129,200 17% 262,400 41%
Net income 72,700 9% 88,200 14%
You have a $40,000 portfolio consisting of Intel, GE, and Con Edison. You put $23,200 in Intel, $8,000 in GE, and the rest in Con Edison. Intel, GE, and Con Edison have betas of 1.3, 1, and .8, respectively. What is your portfolio beta
Answer:
1.13
Explanation:
Calculation to determine What is your portfolio beta
Portfolio beta=(23200/40000)(1.3)+(8000/40000)(1)+[(40,000-23200+8000)/40000)*(0.8)]
Portfolio beta=(23200/40000)(1.3)+(8000/40000)(1)+(8800/40000)*(0.8)
Portfolio beta=0.754+0.2+0.176
Portfolio beta= 1.13
Therefore your portfolio beta is 1.13
One of the advantages of work group cohesiveness is: the absence of conflict with other work groups formalized group norms reduced employee turnover the absence of resistance to change groupthink
Answer:
reduced employee turnover
Explanation:
Group cohesiveness occurs at the time when the bonds between the social group members to one another or the overall group are linked with each other. It can be in social relations, emotions, task relations, etc forms
Its advantage is that it decreased the turnover of the employees .Here the objective to accomplish the goal as a group rather than an individual
Therefore the above represent the answer
Phoster Corporation established Skine Company as a wholly owned subsidiary. Phoster reported the following balance sheet amounts immediately before and after it transferred assets and accounts payable to Skine Company in exchange for 4,200 shares of $11 par value common stock:
Amount Reported
Before Transfer After Transfer
Assets
Cash 50000 23000
Accounts Receivable 76,000 40,000
Inventory 42,000 20,000
22,000
Investment in Skine Company 98,000
Land 25000 22000
Depreciable Assets 180000 110000
Accumulated Depreciation 75000 105000 44000 66000
Total Assets 298000 269000
Liabilities and Equities
Accounts Pavable 40000 11000
Bonds Payable 72000 72000
Common Stock 59000 59000
Retained Earnings 127000 127000
Total Liabilities and Equities 298000 269000
Required a. & b. Prepare the journal entry that Phoster recorded when it transferred the assets to Skine, and the entry that Skine recorded for the receipt of assets and issuance of common stock to Phoster.
Answer:
A. Dr Investment in Skine Company common stock $98,000
Dr Accumulated depreciation $31,000
Dr Accounts payable $29,000
Cr Cash $27,000
Cr Accounts receivable $36,000
Cr Inventory $22,000
Cr Land $3,000
Cr Depreciable assets $70,000
B. Dr Cash $27,000
Dr Accounts receivable $36,000
Dr Inventory $22,000
Dr Land $3,000
Dr Depreciable assets $70,000
Cr Accumulated depreciation $31,000
Cr Accounts payable $29,000
Cr Common stock $46,200
Cr Additional paid-in capital $51,800
Explanation:
A.Preparation of the journal entry that Phoster recorded when it transferred the assets to Skine,
Dr Investment in Skine Company common stock $98,000
Dr Accumulated depreciation $31,000
($75,000-$44,000)
Dr Accounts payable $29,000
($40,000-$11,000)
Cr Cash $27,000
($50,000-$23,000)
Cr Accounts receivable $36,000
($76,000-$40,000)
Cr Inventory $22,000
($42,000-$20,000)
Cr Land $3,000
($25,000-$22,000)
Cr Depreciable assets $70,000
($180,000 $110,000)
(To record transfer of assets to Skine)
B. Preparation of the journal entry that Skine recorded for the receipt of assets and issuance of common stock to Phoster.
Dr Cash $27,000
($50,000-$23,000)
Dr Accounts receivable $36,000
($76,000-$40,000)
Dr Inventory $22,000
($42,000-$20,000)
Dr Land $3,000
($25,000-$22,000)
Dr Depreciable assets $70,000
($180,000 $110,000)
Cr Accumulated depreciation $31,000
($75,000-$44,000)
Cr Accounts payable $29,000
($40,000-$11,000)
Cr Common stock $46,200
(4,200 shares*$11 par value)
Cr Additional paid-in capital $51,800
($27,000+$36,000+$22,000+$3,000+$70,000-$31,000-$29,000-$46,200)
(To record the receipt of assets and issuance of common stock to Phoster)
Journal entries to record transfer of asset and account receivables by Phoster Corporation to Skine Company
Account titles Debit Credit
Investment in Skine company common stock $98000
Accumulated depreciation $31000
Accounts payable $29000
Cash $27000
Accounts receivable $36000
Inventory $22000
Land $3000
Depreciable assets $70000
Journal entries to record receipt of asset and account receivables by Skine Company to Phoster Corporation.
Account titles Debit Credit
Cash $27000
Accounts receivable $36000
inventory $22000
Land $3000
Depreciable assets $70000
Accumulated depreciation $31000
Accounts payable $29000
Common stock (4200*11) $46200
Additional paid in capital (98000-46200) $51800
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The $1,000 face value ABC bond has a coupon rate of 10%, with interest paid annually, and matures in 3 years. If the bond is priced to yield 12%, what is the bond's value today
Answer:
Bond Price = $951.9633746 rounded off to $951.96
Explanation:
To calculate the quote/price of the bond today, which is the present value of the bond, we will use the formula for the price of the bond. As the bond is an annual bond, we will use the annual coupon payment, annual number of periods and annual YTM. The formula to calculate the price of the bonds today is attached.
Coupon Payment (C) = 1000 * 10% = $100
Total periods remaining (n) = 3
r or YTM = 12%
Bond Price = 100 * [( 1 - (1+0.12)^-3) / 0.12] + 1000 / (1+0.12)^3
Bond Price = $951.9633746 rounded off to $951.96
John invested $10,000 into a money market account and took out $2,000 at the end of year 1. He found out at the end of 7 years that the rest of the money in the account grew to a sum of $29,860. What is the annual interest rate John earned in this investment
Answer: 20%
Explanation:
The annual interest rate that John earned in this investment will be calculated thus:
At the annual interest rate, the money that's invested will be equal to the money that's earned. Therefore,
10000 = 2000/[1+20%]¹ + 29860/[1+20%]^7
10000 = 2000/(1+0.2)¹ + 29860/(1+0.2)^7
10000 = 1666.67 + 8333.33
10000 = 10000
Therefore, the annual interest rate John earned in this investment is 20%.
Chester's balance sheet has $77,842,000 in equity. Further, the company is expecting net income of 3,000,000 next year, and also expecting to issue $4,000,000 in new stock. If there are no dividends paid what will beChester's book value
Answer:
$84,842,000
Explanation:
The book value is total assets less total liabilities
Book value = initial equity + equity issued + net income
$77,842,000 + $4,000,000 + $3,000,000 = $84,842,000
The Matching Principle Three methods of matching costs with revenue were described in the chapter: (a) directly match a specific form of revenue with a cost incurred in generating that revenue, (b) indirectly match a cost with the periods during which it will provide benefits or revenue, and (c) immediately recognize a cost incurred as an expense because no future benefits are expected. For each of the following costs, indicate how it is normally recognized as expense by indicating either (a), (b), or (c). If you think that more than one answer is possible for any of the situations, explain why. 1. New office copier2. Monthly bill from the utility company for electricity3. Office supplies4. Biweekly payroll for office employees5. Commissions earned by salespeople6. Interest incurred on a six-month loan from the bank7. Cost of inventory sold during the current period8. Taxes owed on income earned during current period9. Cost of three-year insurance policy
Answer:
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. B
Explanation:
1. B
2. B/C This is Expense for the inflows of the current month but this will be treated as an expense and charged in the current month.
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. B/C This is also expense for the current month causing inflows in the month, but will be treated as an expense in the current month.
9. B
One-period pricing. Recall that since stocks have really long lives, in the video we first imagined owning a stock for only one period. In this simple, yet powerful scenario, today's stock price is the PV of next year's dividend and next year's stock price). The stock of Alydar Oil, an all-equity firm, is currently trading at $30 per share, after just having paid a $2.40 per share dividend. The market expects a dividend of $3.10 per share to be paid one year from today. If the equity cost of capital (same as discount rate for equity) is 12% for this firm, the expected ex-dividend price (the stock price after the dividend is paid next year) in one year (t = 1) should be closest to:_____.
a. $31.20.
b. $31.05.
c. $30.50.
d. $33.60.
Answer:
c. $30.50
Explanation:
As rightly said, the current stock price is the present value of a dividend in one year and the expected price at the end of the year discounted at the equity cost of capital which is 12% in this case
current share price=D1+P1/(1+cost of equity)^n
current share price=$30
D1=$3.10(dividend expected in one year)
P1=unknown(price in one year)
cost of equity=12%
n=investmet time horizon=1 year
$30=$3.10+P1/(1+12%)^1
$30*(1+12%)=$3.10+P1
$33.60=$3.10+P1
P1=$33.60-$3.10
P1=$30.50
each cushion requires 2 pound of the foam used as stuffing. The company has a policy has a policy that the ending invetory of foam each month must be equal to 15% of the following month's expected production needs. How many pounds of foam does the porch cushioon company need to purchase in auguyst
Answer:
34,200
Explanation:
Calculation to determine How many pounds of foam does The Porch Cushion Company need to purchase in August
Does
First step is to calculate the Opening Inventory
Opening Inventory = (100%-15%)*(18,000*2)
Opening Inventory=85%*36,000
Opening Inventory=30600 pounds
Second step is to calculate the
Closing Inventory = 15%* (12,000*2)
Closing Inventory=15%*24,000
Closing Inventory=3600 pounds
Now let calculate the No of pounds required to purchase using this formula
No of pounds required to purchase = Opening inventory+Closing inventory
Let plug in the formula
No of pounds required to purchase=30,600+3,600
No of pounds required to purchase=34,200
Therefore the amount of pounds of foam that The Porch Cushion Company need to purchase in August is 34,200
If an American firm opens a production facility in India, the total value of the production will be included in the national income of the United States. consumption of fixed capital for India. gross domestic product of India. gross domestic product of the United States.
Answer:
gross domestic product of India
Explanation:
Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year
GDP records the final good and services produced within a country's borders
GDP calculated using the expenditure approach = Consumption spending by households + Investment spending by businesses + Government spending + Net export
Operations Management:is a network of manufacturing and service options.is an essential function for primarily for-profit organizations.is narrowly dedicated to a single corporate function.focuses on decisions about the production and delivery of a firm s products and services.prioritizes sustainability over profits.
Answer:
focuses on decisions about the production and delivery of a firm's products and services.
Explanation:
Operations management can be regarded as a field of business which involves administration of business practices that carried out maximization of efficiency in a firm or an organization. It entails process such as planning, organizing, as well as taking responsibility for processes in organization in order to balance revenues as well as costs. It should be noted that Operations Management focuses on decisions about the production and delivery of a firm's products and services.
Two countries, Alpha and Beta, have identical production possibilities frontiers. What is the outcome if Alpha produces at point A and Beta produces at point B?
Answer:
C.) Alpha consumes more than Beta today, but it will grow slower than Beta.
Explanation:
In the case when the two countries i.e. Alpha and beta have the same kind of production probabilities so the outcome when the alpha produced at point A while beta produced at point b is that the alpha consumers more than beta but the growth is slow as compared to beta because the beta is the point where there is a large capital but the less consumption. And, when there is a more capital goods so the growth if we compared with the alpha growth
A partnership is a form of corporation.
True or False?
A city starts a solid waste landfill that it expects to fill to capacity gradually over a 20-year period. At the end of the first year, it is 11 percent filled. At the end of the second year, it is 25 percent filled. Currently, the cost of closure and postclosure is estimated at $1 million. None of this amount will be paid until the landfill has reached its capacity.
Which of the following is true for the Year 2 government-wide financial statements?
A. Expense will be $130,000 and liability will be $260,000.
B. Expense will be $140,000 and liability will be $250,000.
If this landfill is judged to be a proprietary fund, what liability will be reported at the end of the second year on fund financial statements?
a. $140,000
b. $0
c. $ 260,000
d. $ 250,000
If this landfill is judged to be a governmental fund, what liability will be reported at the end of the second year on fund financial statements?
a. $0
b. $140,000
c. $260,000
d. $250,000
Answer:
1- B. Expense will be $140,000 and liability will be $250,000
2- d. $250,000
3- d. $250,000
Explanation:
The expense will be $140,000 which is calculated by year 1 and year 2 percent filled. The calculation is as follows:
Year 2 liability : $1,000,000 * 25% = $250,000
Year 1 liability : $1,000,000 * 11% = $110,000
Year 2 expense = $140,000.
Cash $13,000; Short-term Debt $21,000; Buildings and Equipment $420,000; Inventory, $44,000; Notes Payable $60,000; Accumulated Depreciation $110,000; Common Stock $80,000; Accounts Receivable $38,000; Retained Earnings $237,000; Accounts Payable $17,000.
Total assets on the balance sheet are: _________
Answer:
$405,000
Explanation:
Computation of total assets on balance sheet.
Fixed assets:
Building and equipment
$420,000
Less:
Accumulated depreciation
($110,000)
Net book value
$310,000
Total fixed assets $310,000
Current assets:
Cash
$13,000
Inventory
$44,000
Accounts receivable
$38,000
Total current assets $95,000
Therefore,
Total assets
= Total fixed assets + Total current assets
= $310,000 + $95,000
= $405,000
Overhead costs include: Multiple Choice Direct and indirect costs. Indirect costs only. Direct costs only. Neither direct nor indirect costs.
Answer:
Indirect costs only
Explanation:
Overhead is defined as cost incurred by a business in running it's operations, it cannot be directly linked to a product in the manufacturing process.
These costs are incurred regardless of how successful a business is.
For example rent, tax, utilities, insurance, and maintenance of machinery are all overhead costs.
Since they do not contribute directly to the product they are referred to as indirect costs.
When rival firms compete aggressively by trying to attract competitors' customers, this might be an indication of: a. increasing economies of scale. b. slow industry growth. c. an industry with low exit barriers. d. high switching costs.
Answer:
b. slow industry growth.
Explanation:
Competitive advantage can be defined as conditions, factors or circumstances that allow a business firm (organization) to manufacture finished goods or services better and perhaps cheaper than other (rival) firms in the same industry. Thus, it's responsible for putting a business firm in a superior or more favorable position than rival firms.
This ultimately implies that, a competitive advantage has a significant impact on a business because it increases its level of sales, revenue generation and profit margin when compared to rival firms in the same industry.
Generally, when rival business firms compete aggressively by trying to attract competitors' customers, this might be an indication of slow industry growth.
In conclusion, the various companies or business firms are experiencing a low level of sales of their goods and services. As a result, they engage in activities that would attract potential customers and by extension their competitors' customers.
Keating Co. is considering disposing of equipment with a cost of $63,000 and accumulated depreciation of $44,100. Keating Co. can sell the equipment through a broker for $26,000 less 8% commission. Alternatively, Gunner Co. has offered to lease the equipment for five years for a total of $47,000. Keating will incur repair, insurance, and property tax expenses estimated at $10,000 over the five-year period. At lease-end, the equipment is expected to have no residual value. The net differential income from the lease alternative is
Answer:
$11,080
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what The net differential income from the lease alternative is
Using this formula
Equipment leased net differential income = Lease amount - Estimated expenses - Net sale of equipment
Let plug in the formula
Equipment leased net differential income= $47,000-$10,000-[$26,000-($26,000*8%)]
Equipment leased net differential income=$47,000-$10,000-($26,000-$2,080)
Equipment leased net differential income=$47,000-$12,000-$23,920
Equipment leased net differential income=$47,000-$35,920
Equipment leased net differential income=$11,080
Therefore The net differential income from the lease alternative is $11,080
Identify which statement is a characteristic of long-run for a firm.
A. Time period with at least one fixed element
B. Time period with the least control over constraints
C. Time period of determining quantity and cost that yields the greatest profit
D. Time period when constraints are most likely to be variable
Answer:
D. Time period when constraints are most likely to be variable
Explanation:
The long run period of a firm is when the factors of production such as land, labor , capital etc varies. In this period, a firm is flexible in its production decision due to the variability in the factors of production.
In the long run, a firm has time to build a bigger factory hence respond to changes in demand. Also, the price level(general), expectation, and contractual wages , all adjust to the prevailing economic condition in the long run period.
Answer:
D. Time period when constraints are most likely to be variable
Explanation:
The long run is a period of time in which all factors of production and costs are variable. In the long run, firms are able to adjust all costs, whereas in the short run firms are only able to influence prices through adjustments made to production levels.
Listed here are a number of financial statement captions. Indicate in the spaces to the right of each caption the category of each item and the financial statement(s) on which the item can usually be found. Use the following abbreviations:
Category Financial Statement
Asset A Balance sheet BS
Liability L Income statement IS
Stockholders' equity SE
Revenue R
Expense E
Gain G
Loss LS
Contra asset CA
Caption Category Financial Statement(s)
Accumulated depreciation
Long-term debt
Equipment
Loss on sale of short-term investments
Net income
Merchandise inventory
Other accrued liabilities
Dividends paid
Cost of goods sold
Additional paid-in capital
Interest income
Selling expenses
Financial statements:
There are four financial statements companies produce:
Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Shareholder's Equity
Statement of Cash Flows
Answer:
Caption Category Financial Statement
Accumulated depreciation Asset Balance sheet
Long-term debt Liability Balance sheet
Equipment Asset Balance sheet
Loss on sale Loss Income Statement
of short-term investments
Net income Revenue Income Statement
Merchandise inventory Asset Balance sheet
Other accrued liabilities Liability Balance sheet
Dividends paid Equity Balance sheet
Cost of goods sold Expense Income statement
Additional paid-in capital Equity Balance sheet
Interest income Revenue Income statement
Selling expenses Expense Income statement
g has 25,000 shares of $10 par common stock outstanding and 12,500 shares of $100 par, 6.00% cumulative, nonparticipating preferred stock outstanding. Dividends have not been paid for the past two years. This year, a $350,000 dividend will be paid. What are the dividends per share payable to preferred and common, respectively
Answer:
Preferred stock dividend in arrears = (12500 shares * $100 par * 6%) * 2 years
Preferred stock dividend in arrears = $150,000
Dividend paid this year = $350,000.
Dividend paid to Preferred stockholders = $150,000 in arrears + $75,000 current period = $225,000.
Dividend paid to Common Stockholders = $350,000 - $225,000 = $125,000.
Dividend per share of preferred stock = $225,000 / 12500 shares
Dividend per share of preferred stock = $18
Dividend per share of common stock = $125,000 / 25000 shares
Dividend per share of common stock = $5
If the wage of the fifth worker is $20 and his or her value of the marginal product of labor is $25, the firm a. benefits by stopping at this level of labor. b. is likely to fire the fifth worker. c. asks this fifth worker to work overtime. d. is likely to benefit by hiring more workers. e. is likely to lose profit by hiring more workers.
A. benefits by stopping at this level of labor. Option A is correct.
What are the benefits of division of labor?The specialisation of duties and responsibilities within a production process is known as the division of labour. It has many advantages, including improved productivity and efficiency. Workers can become more skilled and proficient in their particular role by breaking down a complex task into smaller, more focused tasks, which leads to higher-quality output and quicker production times. Because mass production can reduce costs per unit, the division of labour also makes it easier to achieve economies of scale. Additionally, it enables more latitude in task distribution and workload modification. As workers concentrate on gaining expertise in their area of specialisation, it can also result in more innovation and specialisation. In general, the division of labour has led to significant advancements in modern industrial production.
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On July 1, 2020, Swifty Company purchased for $6,120,000 snow-making equipment having an estimated useful life of 5 years with an estimated salvage value of $255,000. Depreciation is taken for the portion of the year the asset is used. Complete the form below by determining the depreciation expense and year-end book values for 2020 and 2021 using the
1. sum-of-the-years'-digits method.
2. double-declining balance method.
2020 2021
Sum-of-the-Years'-Digits Method
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation
Year-End Book Value
Depreciation Expense for the Year
Double-Declining Balance Method
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation
Year-End Book Value
Depreciation Expense for the Year
Assume the company had used stright line depreciation during 2020 and 2021. During 2022, the company determined that the equiptment would be useful to the company for only one more year beyond 2022. Salvage value is estimated at 20000. Compute the amount of depreciation expense for the 2022 income statement.
Assume the company had used straight-line depreciation during 2020 and 2021. During 2022, the company determined that the equipment would be useful to the company for only one more year beyond 2022. Salvage value is estimated at $340,000. What is the depreciation base of this asset?
Answer:
Swifty Company
1. Sum-of-the-years'-digits method:
2020 2021
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 977,500 2,541,500
Year-End Book Value $5,143,500 $3,578,500
Depreciation Expense for the Year 977,500 $1,564,000
2. Double-declining balance method:
2020 2021
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 1,224,000 3,182,400
Year-End Book Value $4,896,000 $2,937,600
Depreciation Expense for the Year 1,224,000 $1,958,400
Straight-line Method:
3. The amount of depreciation expense for the 2022 income statement is:
= $2,170,250.
4. In 2022, the depreciation base of this asset is:
= $4,020,500
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
July 1, 2020: Cost of snowmaking equipment = $6,120,000
Estimated salvage value of the equipment = 255,000
Depreciable amount of the equipment = $5,865,000
Estimated useful life of the equipment = 5 years
Annual depreciation expense = $1,173,000 ($5,865,000/5)
Sum-of-the-Years'-Digits Method =15 (5+4+3+2+1)
Calculation of depreciation expense:
2020 = $977,500 (5/15 * $5,865,000)/2
2021 = $1,564,000 (4/15 * $5,865,000)
2020 2021
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 977,500 2,541,500
Year-End Book Value $5,143,500 $3,578,500
Depreciation Expense for the Year 977,500 $1,564,000
Double-Declining Balance Method (100/5 * 2) = 40%
Calculation of depreciation expense:
2020 = $1,224,000 (40% * $6,120,000)/2
2021 = $1,958,400 (40% * $4,896,000)
2020 2021
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 1,224,000 3,182,400
Year-End Book Value $4,896,000 $2,937,600
Depreciation Expense for the Year 1,224,000 $1,958,400
Straight-line method:
Annual depreciation expense = $1,173,000
2020: Depreciation expense = $586,500
2021: Depreciation expense = $1,173,000
2022: Depreciable amount = $4,340,500 ($4,360,500 - $20,000)
Depreciation expense = $2,170,250 ($4,340,500/2)
2020 2021 2022
Equipment $6,120,000 $6,120,000 $6,120,000
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 586,500 1,759,500 3,929,750
Year-End Book Value $5,533,500 $4,360,500 $2,190,250
Depreciation Expense for the Year 586,500 1,173,000 2,170,250
Straight-line method:
Annual depreciation expense = $1,173,000
2020: Depreciation expense = $586,500
2021:
Depreciation expense = $1,173,000
Accumulated depreciation = $1,759,500 ($586,500 + $1,173,000)
Year-End Book Value $4,360,500 ($6,120,000 - $1,759,500)
2022 Estimated Salvage Value = $340,000
2022: Depreciation basis = $4,020,500 ($4,360,500 - $340,000)
Depreciation expense = $2,010,250 ($4,020,500/2)
Crane Company is contemplating the replacement of an old machine with a new one. The following information has been gathered: Old Machine New Machine Price $200000 $400000 Accumulated Depreciation 60000 -0- Remaining useful life 10 years -0- Useful life -0- 10 years Annual operating costs $160000 $120000 If the old machine is replaced, it can be sold for $14000. The company uses straight-line depreciation with a zero salvage value for all of its assets. The net advantage (disadvantage) of replacing the old machine is
Answer:
Crane Company
The net advantage of replacing the old machine is:
= $154,000
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Old Machine New Machine
Price $200,000 $400,000
Accumulated Depreciation 60,000 -0-
Remaining useful life 10 years -0-
Useful life -0- 10 years
Annual operating costs $160,000 $120,000
Relevant costs:
Old Machine New Machine
Annual operating costs $160,000 $120,000
Total annual operating costs 1,600,000 1,200,000 ($120,000 * 10)
Relevant cost Price 140,000 400,000
Sales value of old machine (14,000)
Total costs $1,740,000 $1,586,000
The net advantage of replacing the old machine is $154,000 ($1,740,000 - $1,586,000)