Explain how competitive advantage, strategy, and the strategic management process are interrelated.
Explain extensively how strategy and structure are interrelated. Illustrate your point/s (provide concrete example/s)

Policymaking in Australia is not entirely captured by corporate interests, there is evidence of a level of influence from the corporate interests, but the policymaking process is generally independent and driven by a range of stakeholders.

There are many levels of consultation, and a range of stakeholders, including interest groups, social groups, political parties, and individuals, who provide input into the policy-making process. This ensures that policymaking is responsive to the needs of all Australians, rather than simply being driven by the interests of a small group of powerful corporations.A key factor in the policymaking process is transparency, which ensures that all stakeholders can have input and that the process is open and accountable.

This transparency also allows for independent oversight, which ensures that policymaking is fair and unbiased.Therefore, while there is some level of influence from corporate interests in the policymaking process, the process is generally independent and driven by a range of stakeholders, ensuring that the interests of all Australians are taken into account.

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Maturity risk premium reflects the active trading life of the security in question. Option B is the correct answer.

In order to offset the increased risk of future interest rate changes, a long-term bond often provides a maturity risk premium in the form of a higher built-in rate of return. Higher interest rate risk is associated with longer-term securities due to their longer tenure.

The projected rates of return on longer-term assets are usually higher than rates on shorter-term securities to make up for the additional risk that investors are assuming. The maturity risk premium refers to this. The maturity term establishes the time frame for which investors may recover their initial investments for the majority of securities. Investors must wait longer and longer throughout this period.

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The complete question is, "Which of the following items reflects the active trading life of the security in question?

A. real risk free rate

B. maturity risk premium

C. inflation premium

D. default risk premium"

When Coca-Cola produces a campaign to advocate water stewardship, they are actively engaging in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to a corporation's practice of voluntarily assuming responsibility for its actions and their effect on the environment, its customers, employees, and other stakeholders.

CSR necessitates that businesses focus on more than just profits. It implies that they must consider the social and environmental impacts of their operations.

Water stewardship is the careful management of water resources. It includes taking into account the environmental, social, and economic aspects of water use. It involves understanding how much water is needed for specific uses, the source of the water, and how much is available.

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The type of competitive situation that would be characterized by the limited number of car manufacturers in the United States due to the capital requirements involved in producing automobiles is Oligopoly.

What is Oligopoly?

Oligopoly is a market structure in which there are only a few companies that sell similar or identical items, such as automobiles, steel, or aluminum. Oligopoly exists when several firms control the majority of the market. In the United States, there are only a limited number of automobile producers. Oligopoly is the type of competitive situation that is characterized by this fact.

The automobile industry in the United States is also characterized by heavy advertising, product differentiation, and, in certain instances, collusion between businesses. A market in which only a limited number of suppliers exist is referred to as an oligopoly. These businesses are sufficiently big and effective that their activities have an impact on the market as a whole. An oligopoly is a form of market structure in which a small number of businesses dominate the market. This market structure is characterized by a lack of rivalry among producers.

Oligopolies are known for their economies of scale, as well as high barriers to entry. The limited number of car manufacturers in the United States due to the capital requirements involved in producing automobiles characterizes oligopoly. Oligopolies are characterized by mutual dependence among firms. This means that companies must be aware of the actions of their competitors when making decisions.

The strategic interdependence of companies is another distinguishing feature of oligopoly. The marketing campaigns and branding of businesses in an oligopoly are significant. Firms in an oligopoly have some control over pricing, but their influence is limited. When businesses in an oligopoly have a lot of influence over pricing, they are referred to as a cartel.

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A performance review meeting was arranged by Helena at New Delhi office to discuss the biannual performance review with Sofia:

1. Identification of the main issues. Human Resources management Problem: The main issues identified in the biannual performance review meeting are: Performance management or employee evaluation or performance appraisal issue. Incentive structuring or salary hike or promotion issue. Employee retention issue. Lack of adequate knowledge of market standards and competition analysis issue. Lack of proper HR management strategies and techniques.2. Analysis and evaluation of the issues Performance management or employee evaluation or performance appraisal issue: In this meeting, the manager, Helena was discussing with Sofia her biannual performance review and providing feedback on her performance during the last quarterly performance review. Sofia tried her level best to achieve the targets set for her, but unfortunately, she could not meet them. However, she felt that her contributions to the organization should be considered even if she did not achieve her targets. This issue can be evaluated and addressed through proper employee evaluation methods and performance appraisal techniques that can recognize and appreciate employees' efforts and contributions. Incentive structuring or salary hike or promotion issue: Sofia expressed her dissatisfaction with the existing incentive structure of the organization, stating that it did not match the market standards and competition analysis in the analytics industry. She felt that her contributions to the organization should be recognized through incentives, salary hikes, or promotions. This issue can be evaluated and addressed through proper HR management strategies that recognize employee contributions and adjust the incentive structure to match the market standards and competition analysis. Employee retention issue: The company has a high employee dropout ratio, which affects its overall performance and productivity. This issue can be evaluated and addressed through proper HR management strategies and techniques that can identify the reasons for high employee turnover rates and develop measures to retain employees, such as better incentive structures and employee engagement programs. Lack of adequate knowledge of market standards and competition analysis issue: Sofia highlighted the fact that the existing incentive structure of the organization did not match the market standards and competition analysis in the analytics industry. This issue can be evaluated and addressed through proper market research and analysis of competition standards that can inform the organization's incentive structure and HR management strategies Lack of proper HR management strategies and techniques: The issues identified in the biannual performance review meeting can be traced back to the lack of proper HR management strategies and techniques that can recognize and appreciate employee contributions, adjust incentive structures, develop measures to retain employees, and conduct market research and analysis. This issue can be evaluated and addressed through proper HR management training and development programs that can equip HR managers with the necessary skills and knowledge to develop and implement effective HR management strategies and techniques.

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To eliminate all risk (including credit risk) an American company with a contract to sell goods to a foreign country can hedge by purchasing a forward rate contract. The given statement is true.

A Forward contract is a popular foreign currency exchange hedging method. In this method, a contract is made between the two parties to purchase or sell a currency at a predetermined price and date. It is a non-standardized agreement between two parties for a currency transaction that will take place in the future.

To eliminate all risk (including credit risk) an American company with a contract to sell goods to a foreign country can hedge by purchasing a forward rate contract.

A forward rate contract (FRC) is a non-standardized contract made between two parties to sell or purchase an asset at a specified future date for a pre-agreed price. A forward rate contract is also used to hedge against potential price changes in the underlying asset. A forward rate agreement (FRA) is a type of forward rate contract.

To eliminate risk, particularly credit risk, American companies with a foreign country sales contract can buy forward rate contracts. Purchasing the Forward Rate Contract assures them a set price for the contractually agreed sales volume in their currency when the transaction is completed.

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By increasing equity, the company's net income will increase, leading to higher ROE. Return on equity (ROE) is an essential tool that businesses use to track their profitability. It is calculated as a percentage and is calculated by dividing the net income available to shareholders by the average shareholder equity over a specified period.

Return on equity (ROE) is an essential tool that businesses use to track their profitability. It is calculated as a percentage and is calculated by dividing the net income available to shareholders by the average shareholder equity over a specified period. The net income available to shareholders is determined by subtracting expenses, taxes, and preferred stock dividends from a company's gross income. Suppose a firm's financial information:

Sales = $1000, Expenses (including interest expense on debt) = $700, Total Assets = $5000, and Total Debt = $2500. To determine the ROE, we need to calculate the firm's net income and average shareholder equity for a specific period. It is worth noting that, for the sake of simplicity, the problem assumes that taxes are zero and that the ROA exceeds the interest rate on new debt. All else being equal, an increase in debt relative to equity, holding assets constant (Option A), would reduce the firm's ROE.

The reason for this is that increasing debt will result in more interest expenses, reducing net income. When net income decreases, so does the ROE. Increasing sales relative to assets, holding profit margin and equity constant (Option B), will increase ROE. The company will be able to generate more revenue for the same level of assets. Increasing sales relative to expenses, holding assets constant (Option C), will also increase ROE. The company will generate more revenue while keeping expenses constant. Finally, increasing equity relative to assets, holding sales constant (Option D), will also increase ROE. By increasing equity, the company's net income will increase, leading to higher ROE.

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B. Pay your bills early.

Answer:

trust the wise one above ;)

Explanation:

Zeynep's coffee and movie budget is $20 a week. The statement that is true is: Zeynep can afford to buy two cups of coffee and five movie tickets per week. The correct answer is option(c).

The coffee and movie budget of Zeynep is $20 per week. A cup of coffee costs $5 and a movie ticket costs $2. In order to find how many cups of coffee and movie tickets she can afford, we need to solve the following equation

z + 2M = 20

where C represents the number of cups of coffee and M represents the number of movie tickets she can buy.

Let's find out the values of C and M for the equation to be satisfied. For that, let's plug in the values one by one and check: If

C = 4, then

5(4) + 2M = 20 => 20 + 2M = 20 => 2M = 0 => M = 0.

This means that if she buys 4 cups of coffee, she has no money left to buy a movie ticket. If

C = 3, then 5(3) + 2M = 20 => 15 + 2M = 20 => 2M = 5 => M = 2.5.

This means that she cannot buy half a movie ticket. Therefore, this value is not possible either.If C = 2, then 5(2) + 2M = 20 => 10 + 2M = 20 => 2M = 10 => M = 5.

This means that she can afford to buy two cups of coffee and five movie tickets per week. Therefore, the statement that is true is: Zeynep can afford to buy two cups of coffee and five movie tickets per week. Hence, the correct option is (c).

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Assume that the demand curve for product C is downward-sloping. If the price of C falls from $2 to $1.75, then  a larger quantity of C is demanded, B is the correct answer.

When the price of a product falls, people are more likely to buy it. This concept is known as the income effect. As a result, the demand for that product increases. Similarly, when the price of a product rises, people are less likely to buy it.

When the price of a product falls, it becomes less expensive than comparable items. This is known as the substitution effect, which encourages customers to purchase the less expensive item, causing demand to rise and supply to decrease. Since there is a higher demand for product C when the price falls, a larger quantity of C is demanded.The quantity of the product demanded increases when the price of a product falls.

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The bonds will be presented on the balance sheet as a long-term liability. Specifically, the bonds will be reported under the following line items:

Long-term Liabilities: This section will include the face value of the bonds, which is $103,000. The face value represents the total amount of money that the bondholders will receive when the bonds mature.

Discount on Bonds Payable: The discount balance of $1,500 will be reported as a contra account under the long-term liabilities section. The discount represents the difference between the face value of the bonds and the amount received when the bonds were issued. It is amortized over the life of the bonds and reduces the carrying value of the bonds.

To summarize, on the balance sheet, the bonds will be presented as follows:

Long-term Liabilities:

Bonds Payable (Face Value) $103,000

Less: Discount on Bonds Payable ($1,500)

--------

Net Bonds Payable $101,500

Please note that additional line items may be included on the balance sheet based on the specific reporting requirements and presentation format of the company.

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The monthly output of Omnibus Products Company is limited by the number of machine hours available. To obtain maximum profits, one should make those products with the largest contribution margin per machine hour. Option C is the correct answer.

By employing the most effective techniques and balancing marginal cost and revenues, profit maximization describes a propensity of commercial enterprises to maximize profits in the short or long run. Its major goal is to raise a company's output level so that it can sell more goods and services and make more money. Option C is the correct answer.

A corporation strives to equalize the marginal cost with the marginal income obtained from manufacturing goods and services in order to maximize profits while spending less. This is known as profit maximization. By raising the price or lowering the cost of producing the items, businesses may maximize their earnings.

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One of the main benefits of EFT (electronic funds transfer) is: assist in e-commerce.

The given options are:a) assist in e-commerce.b) lower taxes.c) no need to maintain minimum balance.d) lack of fraud.

Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) is a computer-based financial transaction system. It makes it easy for people to exchange funds electronically rather than using the traditional forms of payment, such as cheques. The process is easy to use, rapid, secure, and less costly for businesses and individuals.

Therefore, the right answer is option a) assist in e-commerce.

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The nominal GDP is $500 and the price level will be 1, and the before-tax real return is 5% and the after-tax real return is 3.75%.

To find the nominal GDP and price level, we can use the equation of quantity theory of money;

Nominal GDP = Money Supply × Velocity

Using the given values;

Money Supply = $200

Velocity = 2.5

Nominal GDP = $200 × 2.5

Nominal GDP = $500

To find the price level, we can rearrange the equation as;

Price Level = Nominal GDP / Real GDP

Given values;

Nominal GDP = $500

Real GDP = 500

Price Level = $500 / 500

Price Level = 1

Therefore, the nominal GDP is $500 and the price level is 1.

To find the before-tax and after-tax real return, we can use the following formulas;

Before-tax real return = Nominal Return - Inflation Rate

After-tax real return = (1 - Tax Rate) × Before-tax real return

Given values;

Nominal Return = 8%

Inflation Rate = 3%

Tax Rate = 25%

Before-tax real return = 8% - 3%

Before-tax real return = 5%

After-tax real return = (1 - 0.25) × 5%

After-tax real return = 0.75 × 5%

After-tax real return = 3.75%

Therefore, the before-tax real return is 5% and the after-tax real return is 3.75%.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Given the following: Money Supply = $200Velocity = 2.5Real GDP = 500Find nominal GDP and Price Level Given the following: Tax Rate = 25%Nominal Return = 8%Inflation Rate = 3%Find the before tax and after-tax real return."--

Most economists consider the unemployment rate of 5 percent to be acceptable in the United States. Unemployment occurs when people who are willing and able to work do not have jobs and actively search for work.

The unemployment rate is a percentage of the labor force that is unemployed. This rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by the total number of individuals in the labor force.The natural rate of unemployment is the rate at which the economy operates at full employment, meaning everyone who is willing and able to work has a job. When the actual unemployment rate is higher than the natural rate, it is called cyclical unemployment, which occurs when the economy goes into recession and businesses begin to lay off workers. Structural unemployment, on the other hand, occurs when workers do not have the necessary skills for the available jobs or when technological changes result in job losses. Most economists believe that an unemployment rate of about 5 percent is acceptable. A rate below 5 percent indicates that the labor market is healthy and that employers are having difficulty finding workers to fill jobs. An unemployment rate above 5 percent suggests that the labor market is weak and that there are more job seekers than available jobs.

Therefore, most economists consider the unemployment rate of 5 percent to be acceptable in the United States.

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The total cost of the assembly department's work in process inventory at April 30 using the weighted average process costing method is $743,040.

To calculate the total cost of the assembly department's work in process inventory at April 30, we need to consider the costs incurred during April and the units completed and remaining in the department.

Calculate the equivalent units of production for the handling department:

Equivalent units of production = Units started during April + Work in process, April 1 units - Work in process, April 30 units

Equivalent units of production = 51,000 + 27,000 - 32,000

Equivalent units of production = 46,000 units

Calculate the cost per equivalent unit:

Total costs = DM + Conversion

Total costs = $344,400 + $398,640

Total costs = $743,040

Cost per equivalent unit = Total costs / Equivalent units of production

Cost per equivalent unit = $743,040 / 46,000

Cost per equivalent unit ≈ $16.15

Calculate the total cost of the assembly department's work in process inventory at April 30:

Total cost = Cost per equivalent unit × Equivalent units of production

Total cost = $16.15 × 46,000

Total cost = $743,040

Therefore, the total cost of the assembly department's work in process inventory at April 30 using the weighted average process costing method is $743,040.

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Equity multiplier is a financial leverage ratio that determines the debt to equity ratio of a company. It is calculated by dividing the total assets of a company by its total equity.

Equity multiplier is an essential tool for evaluating the leverage of a company. Higher equity multiplier signifies that a company has more leverage. This leverage increases the financial risk and may lead to a lower return on assets (ROA).Increasing the bank capital would have a negative impact on the ROA for equity holders because it would lead to a higher equity multiplier. Higher equity multiplier means the bank is using more debt to finance its assets, thus it has more leverage. This increased leverage makes it riskier for equity holders, and they demand higher returns to compensate for the added risk. This, in turn, leads to lower returns on assets for equity holders.Basically, if the bank increases its capital, it would have to borrow less to finance its assets. As a result, its equity multiplier would decrease, making it less risky. This would also lead to higher returns on assets for equity holders. Hence, an increase in bank capital would have a positive impact on the returns for equity holders if it is not funded by debt.

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The net insurance premium for this 30-year life insurance policy, with an annual premium of 10 million won, would be approximately 9,999,999.90 won.30-year life insurance policy with an insurance premium of 10 million won. The insurance premium is to be paid over the initial 30 years of the policy.

In this case, the net insurance premium refers to the total amount of premium paid over the 30-year period, after accounting for any deductions or expenses.

To calculate the net insurance premium, you would need to determine the annual premium payment for each year and sum them up over the 30-year period.

Let's assume that the annual premium is evenly spread over the 30 years. In that case, the annual premium payment would be 10 million won divided by 30, which is approximately 333,333.33 won.

To calculate the net insurance premium, you would multiply the annual premium payment by the number of years, which is 30 in this case:

Net Insurance Premium = Annual Premium Payment x Number of Years

Net Insurance Premium = 333,333.33 won x 30

Net Insurance Premium = 9,999,999.90 won

Therefore, the net insurance premium for this 30-year life insurance policy, with an annual premium of 10 million won, would be approximately 9,999,999.90 won.

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Regional economic integration refers to a group of countries comes together to form an economic union. Access to a larger market, Reduced distribution costs Simpler product standards are benefits of economic integration, Only Common language is not a benefit. Option B is correct answer

The main aim of economic integration is to promote economic development through the removal of trade barriers and the facilitation of the free flow of goods, services, capital, and labor within the member states.There are several benefits associated with regional economic integration.

However, one of the benefits not associated with regional economic integration is having a common language. This is not a benefit because different countries have different languages and it would be difficult to enforce a common language among member countries.

Other benefits associated with regional economic integration include:Access to a larger market: This is one of the major benefits of regional economic integration. Through the integration process, member countries can access a larger market. This means that firms can expand their operations and sell their products and services to a wider audience. This increased market size often leads to increased sales, profits, and job opportunities for the citizens of the member states.

Simpler product standards: Economic integration also simplifies product standards. In some cases, countries have different standards for products. This can make it difficult for firms to export goods and services to other countries. However, through economic integration, member countries agree on common product standards, making it easier for firms to trade with each other.Reduced distribution costs: Economic integration also leads to reduced distribution costs.

This is because firms can now transport their goods and services more easily and at a lower cost. Through economic integration, member countries can also invest in infrastructure, such as roads and ports, which further reduce distribution costs.

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A firm with alliance management capability is able to effectively manage the following tasks:post-formation alliance management partner selection and alliance formation alliance design and governanceThese are the tasks a firm with alliance management capability can effectively manage.

An explanation of each of them is as follows:Post-formation alliance management: After an alliance is established, the partnership management team collaborates to ensure that the alliance meets its objectives. Post-formation partnership management entails monitoring the alliance's growth, progress, and success as well as reviewing and evaluating the results.

Partner selection and alliance formation: This includes identifying and selecting potential partners, establishing relationships, negotiating and executing contracts and agreements, creating an initial alliance framework, and starting the alliance.Alliance design and governance: Alliance management involves creating governance structures that can manage the alliance and the alliance partners effectively.

Alliance governance refers to the process of creating and managing a structure for making critical partnership decisions and ensuring that all partners are aware of their obligations, responsibilities, and rewards.

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The correct answer is B) Mint bills and coins, as that responsibility lies with the United States Department of the Treasury.

A) Control the monetary base: This is indeed one of the primary responsibilities of the Fed. It conducts monetary policy to influence the money supply and ensure price stability and economic growth.

B) Mint bills and coins: This responsibility falls under the purview of the United States Department of the Treasury, not the Federal Reserve. The Treasury is responsible for coinage and currency production.

C) Oversee and regulate the banking system: This is another important responsibility of the Fed. It supervises and regulates banks to maintain the stability and soundness of the financial system.

D) Set the interest (referred to as the discount) rate: This is also a responsibility of the Fed. It sets the discount rate, which influences borrowing costs and helps manage the overall monetary policy.

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Nesmith Corporation's Outstanding bonds have a $1000 par value, a 2% semiannual coupon, 12 years to maturity, and an 11% YTH, so the bond's price will be $868.61.

We are given the following information about the bond:

Par value = $1,000Coupon rate = 2%Coupon payment = $1,000 × 2% = $20

Frequency of coupon payment = Semi-annually

Maturity period = 12 years Yield to maturity = 11%First, we need to calculate the number of coupon payments, N: N = 2 × 12 = 24. We can now calculate the present value of the bond using the following formula:

PV = ∑ (C/(1+r)n) + F/(1+r)n where PV is the bond's price C is the coupon payment r is the yield to maturity F is the par value N is the number of coupon payments n is the time period.

The coupon payment is $20, the par value is $1,000, and the number of coupon payments is 24.

We can now substitute the values and calculate the present value of the bond.

PV = ($20/1.055) + ($20/1.055²) + … + ($20/1.055²³) + ($1,000/1.055²³)PV = $379.85 + $360.98 + … + $14.59 + $433.15PV = $868.61Therefore, the bond's price is $868.61.

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The zero-profit price is P = 16 within a perfectly competitive market in which each firm encounters a market price of P = 16 and each firm's cost function has become TC = 50 + 4q + 2q2.

The zero-profit price is established in a perfectly competitive market when the market's price corresponds to the marginal cost of manufacturing for firms.

The derivative of the Total Cost Function corresponds to the Marginal Cost Function.

Marginal Cost = d/dq( 50 + 4q + 2q²)  = 4 + 4q

MC = P in the case of zero profit price.

4 + 4q = P

q= 3

Putting the value q = 3 in the MC function

4 + 4 × 3 = 16

Therefore, Zero Profit Price = 16.

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The schedule to adjust taxable amounts, the taxpayer should enter the amount of unemployment compensation on is Schedule CA (option A).

In California, unemployment compensation is excluded from taxable income. The adjustment to taxable income can be made by the taxpayer by entering the amount of unemployment compensation on Schedule CA.

What is Schedule CA?California State has made available different types of schedules to be filed along with their tax returns, depending on the type of income to be reported. Schedule CA is the California adjustment schedule and is used to report all income, adjustments, and tax credits that are specific to California. If a taxpayer is required to file a California state tax return, they must file Schedule CA in addition to their federal tax return if they itemize deductions.

What is taxable income? Taxable income is the portion of an individual's income that is subject to income tax, according to the IRS. It is calculated by subtracting all allowable deductions and exemptions from gross income. The taxable income of an individual varies depending on their total income, marital status, number of dependents, and other factors.

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Both Christensen's and Dawar's articles complement Porter's concept of strategy. Here are the details: Porter's concept of strategy: Michael Porter is a Harvard Business School professor who is best known for his work on competitive strategy. In his 1996 article

"What is Strategy?"

he defined strategy as "the creation of a unique and valuable position, involving a distinct set of activities." He claims that in order to create a sustainable competitive advantage, businesses must differentiate themselves from their competitors and have a clear understanding of their competitive environment. Christensen article support Porter's concept of strategy:The article "Finding the Right Job for Your Product," written by Christensen, Berstell, and Nitterhouse in 2007, supports Porter's concept of strategy by emphasizing the importance of understanding one's competitive environment in order to differentiate oneself from the competition. The article argues that businesses must figure out what job their product is meant to do, who the competition is, and how they can differentiate themselves in order to create a sustainable competitive advantage. They also argue that businesses should be aware of disruptive technologies that may cause them to lose their competitive edge.Dawar article support Porter's concept of strategy:Dawar's article "When Marketing Is Strategy," which was published in the Harvard Business Review in 2013, is similar to Porter's concept of strategy. Dawar claims that businesses must create a "strategic identity" in order to differentiate themselves from their competitors. He argues that this is achieved by using marketing to create a unique image or identity for the company that is difficult for competitors to replicate. This strategic identity, he argues, should be based on a deep understanding of the customer's needs and the company's capabilities. In this sense, Dawar's article supports Porter's concept of strategy by emphasizing the importance of creating a unique and valuable position and having a clear understanding of the competitive environment.

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The total dollar amount of savings resulting from the change in admissions procedures at City University is $24,000.

(a) To determine the equivalent units of service (production) for materials and conversion costs, we need to consider the work done on both the completed applications and the applications still in process.

For materials:

Equivalent units of completed applications = Completed applications during March = 950

Equivalent units of applications still in process = Applications still in process at March 31 * Percentage complete as to materials = 100 * 75% = 75

Total equivalent units of service for materials = Equivalent units of completed applications + Equivalent units of applications still in the process

= 950 + 75

= 1,025

For conversion costs:

Equivalent units of completed applications = Completed applications during March = 950

Equivalent units of applications still in process = Applications still in process at March 31 * Percentage complete as to conversion costs = 100 * 75% = 75

Total equivalent units of service for conversion costs = Equivalent units of completed applications + Equivalent units of applications still in process

= 950 + 75

= 1,025

(b) To compute the unit costs and prepare a cost reconciliation schedule, we need to divide the costs by the equivalent units of service.

Unit cost of materials = Total materials costs / Total equivalent units of service for materials

= $8,000 / 1,025

≈ $7.80 per equivalent unit

Unit cost of conversion costs = Total conversion costs / Total equivalent units of service for conversion costs

= $43,000 / 1,025

≈ $42.20 per equivalent unit

Cost reconciliation schedule:

Equivalent Units    Cost per Equivalent Unit    Total Cost

Materials 1,025 $7.80 $7,995

Conversion Costs 1,025 $42.20 $43,255

Total Costs $51,250

(c) With the change in admissions procedures, where half of the materials are added at the end of the process, the equivalent units of service for materials and the cost per equivalent unit will be affected.

Equivalent units of completed applications = Completed applications during March = 950

Equivalent units of applications still in process = Applications still in process at March 31 * Percentage complete as to materials = 100 * 75% = 75

Equivalent units of materials added at the end = Completed applications during March / 2 = 950 / 2 = 475

Total equivalent units of service for materials = Equivalent units of completed applications + Equivalent units of applications still in process + Equivalent units of materials added at the end

= 950 + 75 + 475

= 1,500

Cost per equivalent unit for materials with the change:

Total materials costs with the change = Total materials costs - Savings

= $8,000 - $2,000

= $6,000

Unit cost of materials with the change = Total materials costs with the change / Total equivalent units of service for materials

= $6,000 / 1,500

= $4 per equivalent unit

Total savings = Savings per unit * Number of units processed

= $2 * 12,000

= $24,000

Therefore, the total dollar amount of savings resulting from this change is $24,000.

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Complete question:

City University uses a process cost system to accumulate costs incurred in handling student applications in the admissions department. When an application is completed, it is forwarded to the appropriate academic department for final processing. The following processing and cost data pertain to March. 1 Applications in process on March 1 2. Applications started in March 1,100 950 Completed applications during March Applications still in process at March 31+ Were 100% complete as to materials (forms)- and 75% complete as to conversion costs 4. Beginning WP: Direct materials Conversion costs .2.125 9,450- March costs: Direct materials Direct labor Overhead 8.000 43,000- 10,050 Materials are the forms used in the application process, and these costs are incurred at the beginning of the process. Conversion costs are incurred uniformly during the process· +' instructions (a) Determine the equivalent units of service (production) for materials and conversion costs. +' (b)Compute the unit costs and prepare a cost reconciliation schedule. (c) In an effort to improve efficiency, City University has changed their admissions procedures. Instead of adding all of the materials at the beginning of the process, they have decided to add half of the materials at the end of the process right before the applications are transferred to the academic departments. This has resulted in a $2,000 savings in March's direct materials costs (beginning direct materials are not affected) Determine the equivalent units of service (production) and the cost per equivalent unit for materials based on this change. If City University processes 12,000 applications during a typical year, what is the total dollar amount of savings that will result from this change?.

The quantity theory of money implies that the increase in the money supply of an economy leads to inflation. Hence, both Europe and the US increasing their money supply by 2% and 3% respectively per year will lead to inflation in both countries. Therefore, the right answer is: Inflation in both countries.

The quantity theory of money is an economic theory that suggests a direct relationship between the money supply in an economy and the level of inflation. According to this theory, an increase in the money supply will lead to an increase in the overall price level in the long run.

In the given scenario, both Europe and the U.S. are increasing their money supply. Europe is increasing its money supply by 2% per year, and the U.S. is increasing its money supply by 3% per year. This implies that there will be more money circulating in both economies.

As per the quantity theory of money, when the money supply increases, people have more money to spend, leading to an increase in demand for goods and services. As demand rises, producers may respond by increasing prices to take advantage of the increased demand. This is known as demand-pull inflation.

Therefore, in the long run, the increase in the money supply in both Europe and the U.S. is likely to result in inflation in both countries. The prices of goods and services are expected to rise over time. Hence, the correct answer is that there will be inflation in both countries.

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The sampling distribution of the mean tends to approximate a normal distribution when the sample size is sufficiently large. This is due to the Central Limit Theorem, which states that as the sample size increases, the shape of the sampling distribution becomes more and more like a normal distribution, regardless of the underlying shape of the population distribution.

. Typically, a sample size of 30 or more is considered large enough for the normal approximation to hold.

The population distribution is not extremely skewed or has outliers: If the population distribution is symmetric or only slightly skewed, the sampling distribution of the mean will be approximately normal. However, if the population distribution is highly skewed or has extreme outliers, the normal approximation may not hold even with a large sample size.

The samples are drawn independently: Each observation in the sample should be independent of each other. This means that the selection of one observation does not influence the selection of another. Independence is important for the validity of the Central Limit Theorem.

By meeting these conditions, the sampling distribution of the mean can be treated as approximately normally distributed, which allows for the use of statistical techniques and inference based on the normal distribution.

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Development does not only refer to economic development, but also to human development.

Human Development Index (HDI) is defined as a composite index that measures the development of countries using health, education, and per capita income indicators. The Human Development Index was created by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to determine the progress of countries and regions by considering development beyond economic growth. HDI measures the three indicators mentioned above, health, education, and per capita income, which in turn contribute to human development. HDI is an indicator that examines the following aspects of human development in a country or region: Life expectancy at birth: Measures the number of years a newborn can expect to live based on current trends in mortality, as an indicator of health. Literacy rate: Measures the population's percentage of literate adults, as a measure of education. Gross National Income (GNI) per capita: Measures the average income earned by residents of a country or region in a year as an indicator of standard of living. These three indicators, when combined, provide a comprehensive view of human development in a country or region, as measured by HDI.

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a. True. Employee handbooks often contain promises or guarantees made by the employer to the employees. These can include information about compensation, benefits, working hours, policies, and procedures.

Employee handbooks serve as a guide for both the employer and employees, outlining the rights and responsibilities of each party. By including promises or guarantees in the handbook, employers establish a set of expectations and standards for their employees. However, it's important to note that the specific content of employee handbooks can vary depending on the company and jurisdiction, and not all handbooks may contain promises or guarantees.

Employee handbooks may contain promises or guarantees, as they serve as a comprehensive guide for employees regarding company policies, procedures, and expectations. These promises can include assurances about compensation, benefits, promotion criteria, work hours, and other employment-related matters. The handbook acts as a written agreement between the employer and employee, outlining the rights and responsibilities of both parties. It provides clarity and transparency, ensuring that employees have a clear understanding of what they can expect from their employment. However, it's crucial to review the specific content of the handbook and consider local employment laws, as these factors can influence the enforceability and validity of the promises or guarantees outlined in the document.

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