Conditions required to separate chromatograms in dyes

The heat change required to melt 12.0 g of ice at 0°C is 4,002.6 joules.

To calculate the heat change in joules for melting 12.0 g of ice at 0°C, we need to use the specific heat of fusion of ice and the heat equation. The specific heat of the fusion of ice is 333.55 J/g.

The heat equation is:

Q = m × ΔH

where Q is the heat change, m is the mass of the substance, and ΔH is the specific heat of fusion.

Therefore, the heat change required to melt 12.0 g of ice at 0°C can be calculated as follows:

Q = 12.0 g × 333.55 J/g

Q = 4,002.6 J

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Based on the values of ΔG° for the three reactions represented above, the value of ΔG° for the reaction given is −1320 kJ/molrxn. The correct option is D.

To determine the value of ΔG° for the given reaction, we can use Hess's law, which states that the change in enthalpy (ΔH) for a reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes for a series of reactions that add up to the original reaction.

The same principle applies to Gibbs free energy (ΔG), so we can use the ΔG° values for the three given reactions to calculate the ΔG° for the target reaction.

We can use Reaction 1 and Reaction 2 to obtain the following overall reaction, which is the reverse of Reaction 3:

[tex]4 NH_3(g) + 6 O_2(g) --- > 4 NO(g) + 6 H_2O(l)[/tex] ΔG° = 1010 kJ/molrxn

[tex]2 NO_2(g) + O_2(g) --- > 2 NO(g) + O_2(g)[/tex] ΔG° = -70 kJ/molrxn (reverse of Reaction 2)

Next, we can add the two reactions above to obtain:

[tex]4 NH_3(g) + 8 O_2(g) + 2 NO_2(g) --- > 4 NO(g) + 4 HNO_3(aq)[/tex] ΔG° = 940 kJ/molrxn

Finally, we can use Reaction 3 to obtain the target reaction by adding 4 HNO3(aq) and subtracting 2 H2O(l):

[tex]4 NH_3(g) + 8 O_2(g) --- > 4 HNO_3(aq) + 4 H_2O(l)[/tex] ΔG° = -170 kJ/molrxn

Therefore, the answer is (D) −1320 kJ/molrxn.

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Answer:

56,522 seconds = 942 minutes

Explanation:

n(Mg) = m/M(Mg) = 25 g / 24.31 g/mol = 1.03 mol of Mg

Q = n × 2 F = 1.03 mol × 2 × 96,485 C/mol = 197,820 C

t = Q / I = 197,820 C / 3.5 A = 56,522 s

Answer: The mass in grams is 290g.

Explanation: In order to find the mass you need to multiply the number of moles given by the molar mass of the compound.

You find the molar mass by adding all the atomic masses of each atom in the compound.

Since 0.75 has 2 significant figures, your final answer also needs to have 2 sig figs.

The image is not a scientific model

A scientific model is a condensed representation of a real-world occurrence that helps scientists understand and justify it. In order to make predictions or test hypotheses, scientists utilize models. They could be intellectual, mathematical, or physical.

On the other hand, a NASA image is a visual representation of a real-world item, situation, or phenomenon that has been captured by a spacecraft or telescope. Images from NASA are accurate depictions, not simplified renditions, of what was observed in space.

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The pressure of the gas in the flask, given that the temperature is reduced to -15 is 0.38 mmHg

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

The new pressure of the gas can be obtained by using the combined gas equation as shown below:

P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂

(0.225 × 338) / 345 = (P₂ × 150) / 258

Cross multiply

345 × 150 × P₂ = 0.225 × 338 × 258

Divide both sides by (345 × 150)

P₂ = (0.225 × 338 × 258) / (345 × 150)

P₂ = 0.38 mmHg

Thus, we can conclude the pressure of the gas is 0.38 mmHg

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To calculate the volume of water needed to create a 0.450 M solution of Al(NO3)3, we need to use the formula:

Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters

First, we need to determine the number of moles of Al(NO3)3 we have:

moles of Al(NO3)3 = mass / molar mass

molar mass of Al(NO3)3 = 1 x atomic mass of Al + 3 x atomic mass of N + 9 x atomic mass of O = 1 x 26.98 + 3 x 14.01 + 9 x 16.00 = 212.99 g/mol

moles of Al(NO3)3 = 41.6 g / 212.99 g/mol = 0.195 mol

Next, we can rearrange the formula above to solve for the volume of solution:

volume of solution = moles of solute / molarity

volume of solution = 0.195 mol / 0.450 M = 0.433 L

Therefore, we need to add 0.433 L (or 433 mL) of water to 41.6 g of Al(NO3)3 to create a 0.450 M solution.

Answer:

A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and formulae, wherein the reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities on the right-hand side.

Explanation:

Good luck!

Answer:

A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.

What is in a chemical equation?

A chemical equation (see an example below) consists of a list of reactants (the starting substances) on the left-hand side, an arrow symbol, and a list of products (substances formed in the chemical reaction) on the right-hand side.

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The cell potential for the reaction Mg(s)+Fe2+(aq)Mg2+(aq)+Fe(s) is 2.87 V at 89 degrees Celsius.

The Nernst equation can be used to compute this: Where E° cell is the standard cell potential, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, n is the number of electrons transported, F is the Faraday constant, and Q is the reaction quotient, E cell is defined as E° cell - (RT/nF)lnQ.

E° cell = -2.37 V, R = 8.314 J/K-mol, T = 362 K, n = 2, F = 96485 C/mol, and Q = [Mg2+]/[Fe2+] = 0.110/2.80 = 0.039 in this instance. The Nernst equation using these values as input produces the result E cell = -2.37 - (8.314*362/2*96485)ln(0.039) = 2.87 V.

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Red light has a longer wavelength than violet light. Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a wave, and it determines the color of light. The range of visible light wavelengths is between approximately 400 nanometers (nm) for violet light to 700 nm for red light. So, red light has a longer wavelength and lower frequency than violet light.

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The rate of the reaction for the following process if the rate of change for NOBr was measured as -0.5 M/s. is 0.25 M/s.

The rate of a reaction is typically expressed as the rate of change of the concentration of a reactant or product over time. For the given reaction:

[tex]2NOBr(g)[/tex] ↔[tex]2NO(g)[/tex] [tex]+[/tex] [tex]Br_{2}[/tex](g)

The rate of the reaction can be expressed as:

[tex]rate = -1/2 * d[NOBr]/dt[/tex]

where [tex]d[NOBr]/dt[/tex] is the change in the concentration of NOBr over time, and the negative sign indicates that the concentration of NOBr is decreasing over time.

If the rate of change for NOBr was measured as -0.5 M/s, we can substitute this value into the above equation to find the rate of the reaction:

rate = -1/2 * (-0.5 M/s)

= 0.25 M/s

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The compound's empirical formula is [tex]S_2P[/tex]. We must ascertain the molar mass of the empirical formula in order to derive the molecular formula.

A substance created when two or more elements are chemically mixed in a specific ratio is referred to be a compound. In general, compounds differ from mixes, which are made up of various ingredients in a random arrangement. Compounds contain things like carbon dioxide ([tex]Co_2[/tex]), table salt ([tex]Nacl[/tex]), and water ([tex]H_2o[/tex]). Chemical reactions can transform compounds into less complex ones.

[tex]S_2P[/tex] has a molar mass of 120 g/mol. The empirical formula must be multiplied by two to obtain the molecular formula, which is [tex]S_4P_2[/tex], because the compound's molar mass is 252 g/mol.

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Based on the information given, the mole should be considered a base unit in the SI system because it serves as a universally accepted measure of the amount or quantity of substances.

The mole is an amount unit similar to familiar units like pair, dozen, gross, etc. It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter.

A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g.

SI units refer to units of measurement that are universally accepted for measuring the properties of quantities of objects.

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1- FIND MOLES OF magnesium METAL

Moles of Magnesium Metal = 0.6 g/24.31 g/mol = 0.0246 mol

Magnesium is a silvery-white alkaline earth metal that is a very abundant element in the Earth's crust. It is the eighth most abundant element in the universe.

2- FIND CHANGE IN T CALORIMETER

The change in temperature of the calorimeter is not given, so it cannot be calculated.

3- Find q calorimeter

The heat absorbed or released by the calorimeter is qcalorimeter = mCΔT, where m is the mass of the calorimeter, C is the specific heat capacity of the calorimeter, and ΔT is the change in temperature of the calorimeter. Since the mass and change in temperature of the calorimeter are not given, qcalorimeter cannot be calculated.

4- Find q reaction

The heat absorbed or released by the reaction is qreaction = nCΔT, where n is the number of moles of the reactant, C is the specific heat capacity of the reaction, and ΔT is the change in temperature of the reaction. Since the number of moles of the reactant and change in temperature of the reaction are not given, qreaction cannot be calculated.

5- Find the change in heat reaction per mole of Mg consumed

The change in heat per mole of Mg consumed is qMg = qreaction/n, where qreaction is the heat absorbed or released by the reaction and n is the number of moles of Mg. Since qreaction and n are not given, qMg cannot be calculated.

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Answer:

The correct answer is C: 3484 ml

The method that would assure random selection of a sample from the population is:

The researcher should randomly select students from among all the students in the state who are enrolled in the training program.

This method ensures that all students enrolled in the driver's education program in the state have an equal chance of being selected for the study. Random selection helps to eliminate bias and increases the likelihood that the sample is representative of the entire population.

The other options listed would not assure random selection of a sample from the population.

Selecting one high school or one city could introduce bias into the sample, as the success rate of the driver's education program may vary between different schools or cities.

Thus, selecting a random batch of students from one high school could also introduce bias into the sample, as the students selected may not be representative of all students enrolled in the driver's education program in the state.

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The amount of dissolved oxygen in water may decrease because of the decrease in temperature of water. therefore, the correct option is option C.

Remember the adage "like dissolves like." This indicates that for substances to form solutions, their intermolecular forces must be comparable. When a water-soluble solute is added to a solvent, the solute and solvent particles may come into contact.

When a liquid or solid solute is present, the interactions among the solute and solvent particles become so powerful that the individual particles of solute split from one another and enter the solution encircled by solvent molecules. The amount of dissolved oxygen in water may decrease because of the decrease in temperature of water.

Therefore, the correct option is option C.

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The reaction between N2O4 and is at equilibrium at this time.2 Given by K = 0.028 is NO2. The amount of NO2 in the sample is 0.042 M.

K = [NO2] is the equilibrium expression for the reaction.²/[N₂O₄] When K and [NO2] are substituted in the equilibrium expression, we obtain 0.028 = (0.042).²/[N₂O₄]

We get at [N2O4] = 0.028/0.0422 = 0.0075 M after solving for [N2O4].

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Answer:

The solar system formed from a cloud of gas and dust, known as the solar nebula, that collapsed under its own gravity about 4.6 billion years ago. As the solar nebula collapsed, it formed a spinning disk of gas and dust, with most of the material concentrated at the center. Over time, the material in the disk began to clump together due to gravity, forming small rocky and icy planetesimals, which collided and merged to form larger bodies. These larger bodies eventually became the planets, moons, asteroids, and other objects that make up the solar system today. The exact composition of the solar nebula and the materials that formed the solar system varied depending on the distance from the Sun and the temperature and pressure conditions in different regions of the nebula. Generally, the inner solar system (including the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) is composed mostly of rocky materials, while the outer solar system (including the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, as well as the dwarf planet Pluto) is composed mostly of ices, such as water, ammonia, and methane, as well as gases like hydrogen and helium.

short term answer: dust and gas.

Explanation: learned it in 5th grade science class, bye have a great day !

Answer:

cual es el propósito de este experimento

The Correct answer is D

Hydronium

hydroxide

The temperature inside the freezer is approximately -164°C.

To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law equation:

[tex](P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2[/tex]

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, and T is the temperature of the gas.

We know that the initial volume of the balloon is 145 mL and the final volume is 35 mL. We also know that the initial temperature is 25°C or 298 K, and we need to find the final temperature.

Assuming the pressure of the gas remains constant, we can rearrange the combined gas law equation to solve for the final temperature:

[tex]T2 = (P2V2/T1)(P1/V1)[/tex]

Plugging in the values we know, we get:

[tex]T2 = (1 atm * 35 mL/298 K)(1 atm/145 mL) = 0.0808 atm/mL[/tex]

Multiplying both sides by 298 K and dividing by 0.0808 atm/mL, we get:

T2 = 109.15 K or approximately -164°C

Therefore, the temperature inside the freezer is approximately -164°C.

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The data obtained from the experiment shows a clear indication that a reaction has occurred between the H₂SO₄ and Ba(OH)₂ solutions. As the H₂SO₄ solution is added to the Ba(OH)₂ solution, the ammeter reading decreases indicating a decrease in conductivity.

The decrease in conductivity is due to the formation of an insoluble white precipitate, BaSO₄, as seen in observations. When no more H₂SO₄ is added, the ammeter reading stabilizes, indicating that the reaction has reached completion, as seen in observations e and f.

The formation of BaSO₄ precipitate indicates that the sulfate ion, SO₄²⁻, from H₂SO₄, has reacted with the barium ion, Ba²⁺, from Ba(OH)₂, forming an insoluble salt. This is a typical example of a precipitation reaction, where two aqueous solutions are mixed, resulting in the formation of an insoluble solid product.

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The question is inappropriate; The complete question is:

A chemistry student carried out an experiment with a conducting apparatus (ammeter) similar to the one below. This ammeter measures in milliamperes (mA). To 30 mL of the Ba(OH)2 solution, 10 mL portions of H2SO4 were added until a total of 50 mL of H2SO4 were used.

Explain the data. Is there any evidence that a reaction has occurred? How does this evidence indicate that the reaction has occurred between ions?

Taking into account the definition of dilution, the final concentration of the solution is 0.68 M.

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution.

In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, and the volume of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

4.2 M× 14 mL= Cf× 86 mL

Solving:

(4.2 M× 14 mL)÷ 86 mL= Cf

0.68 M= Cf

In summary, the final concentration is 0.68 M.

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The expected temperature change would be approximately 4.32°F if 0.5-gram sample of water released 0.0501 j of heat energy.

The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius. The expected temperature change can be calculated using the formula:

q = m × c × ΔT

where q is the heat energy released, m is the mass of water, c is the specific heat of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Rearranging the formula to solve for ΔT, we get:

ΔT = q ÷ (m × c)

Substituting the given values, we get:

ΔT = 0.0501 J ÷ (0.5 g × 4.184 J/g°C)

ΔT ≈ 2.4°C or 4.32°F

When a substance undergoes a change in temperature, it either gains or loses heat energy.

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1.30 atmospheres is equivalent to 131723 pascal.

Atmospheres is a unit of measurement for pressure equal to 101325 Pa with symbol: atm.

Pascals, on the other hand, is the International System of Units (SI unit), the derived unit of pressure and stress, which is equivalent to one newton per square metre.

1 atmosphere = 101325 pascals

Therefore, 1.30 atm is equivalent to 1.3 × 101325 = 131723 Pa.

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The temperature of copper would rise by 263.8°C more than the temperature of water if we added the same amount of heat to equal masses of each substance.

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius or Kelvin. To estimate the final temperature difference, we can use the specific heat capacity of each substance.

The specific heat capacity of copper is 0.385 J/g°C, while the specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g°C. This means that water requires over ten times as much heat energy as copper to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius.

If we add an equal quantity of heat (in joules) to equal masses of copper and water, we can expect the temperature of copper to rise much more than the temperature of water. In fact, we can calculate the temperature difference using the following formula:

Q = mCΔT

where Q is the amount of heat added, m is the mass of the substance, C is its specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

If we assume that we add the same amount of heat to equal masses of copper and water (let's say 100 grams each), then we can set up two equations using the specific heat capacities of each substance:

Q = 100 * 0.385 * ΔT (for copper)

Q = 100 * 4.184 * ΔT (for water)

Since Q is the same in both equations (we added the same amount of heat to each substance), we can set the two equations equal to each other and solve for ΔT:

100 * 0.385 * ΔT = 100 * 4.184 * ΔT

0.385 * ΔT = 4.184 * ΔT

3.799 * ΔT = Q (where Q is the amount of heat added)

ΔT = Q / 3.799

So, if we added 1000 joules of heat to 100 grams each of copper and water, we can expect the temperature difference between the two substances to be:

ΔT = 1000 / 3.799 = 263.8°C

This means that the temperature of copper would rise by 263.8°C more than the temperature of water if we added the same amount of heat to equal masses of each substance. However, it's important to note that this is a theoretical estimate, and in reality, there would be some loss of heat to the surroundings, which would affect the final temperature difference.

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The stoichiometric ratio of NaHCO₃ to CH₃COOH, which is determined by the balancing equation, is 1:1, meaning that 1 mole of NaHCO₃ reacts with 1 mole of CH₃COOH.

Acetic acid (CH₃COOH), a component of vinegar, interacts with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) in baking soda to produce water, carbon dioxide gas, and sodium acetate.

CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) + NaC₂H₃O₂ = NaHCO₃(aq) + HC₂H₃O₂(aq) when yellow bubbles appear, an acidic gas H₂CO₃ has generated as a result of the reaction between CO₂ and water. The salt in the solution (NaC₂H₃O₂) is basic since the solution is red in colour.

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Answer: 2136 molecules of CO2 at STP will occupy a volume of 8.91 × 10^-24 L

Explanation:

STP (standard temperature and pressure), 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L of volume. Also, 1 mole of any gas contains 6.022 × 10^23 molecules.

1 mole of CO2 contains = 6.022 × 10^23 molecules

Therefore, 2136 molecules of CO2 will be present in a volume of:

= (1 mole CO2 / 6.022 × 10^23 molecules CO2) × (22.4 L / 1 mole CO2) × (2136 molecules CO2 / 1)

= 8.91 × 10^-24 L