This question involves the concept of excitation energy.
The energy level to which the atom is excited is "4".
What is excitation energy?The excitation energy of an atom is defined as the energy required by the atom to get excited from one energy level to some upper energy level. Mathematically, it can be given by the following formula:
[tex]E=E_o(\frac{1}{n_i^2}-\frac{1}{n_f^2})[/tex]
where,
E = excitation energy = [tex]\frac{hc}{\lambda} = \frac{(6.63\ x\ 10^{-34}\ J.s)(3\ x\ 10^8\ m/s)}{9.725\ x\ 10^{-8}\ m}=2.04\ x\ 10^{-18}\ J[/tex]
E (in eV) = [tex](2.04\ x\ 10^{-18}\ J)(\frac{1\ eV}{1.6\ x\ 10^{-19}\ J})[/tex] = 12.78 eV
h = plank's constant = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J>s
c = speed of light = 3 x 10⁸ m/s
λ = wavelength = 97.25 nm = 9.725 x 10⁻⁸ m
E₀ = energy of hydrogen atom in ground state = 13.6 eV
[tex]n_i[/tex] = initial orbit = 1
[tex]n_f[/tex] = final orbit = ?
Therefore,
[tex]12.78\ eV=13.6\ eV(\frac{1}{1^2}-\frac{1}{n_f^2})\\\\\frac{12.78\ eV}{13.6\ eV}=1-\frac{1}{n_f^2}\\\\\frac{1}{n_f^2}=1-0.94\\\\n_f^2=\frac{1}{0.06}\\\\n_f=\sqrt{16.67}\\n_f = 4[/tex]
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These statements describe three different reactions.
1-An atom shares electrons with another atom.
2- The nucleus of an atom is split apart.
3-An atom gains an electron from another atom.
Which reaction (s) most likely release the greatest amount of energy?
1
O2
O1 and 3
O2 and 3
An atom gains an electron from another atom. Hence, option B is the correct answer.
What is an atom?An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element. An atom consists of a central nucleus that is usually surrounded by one or more electrons.
When an atom shares electrons with another atom then it results in the formation of a covalent bond.
Whereas when an atom transfer electrons from one atom to another then it results in the formation of an ionic bond.
When the nucleus of an atom splits then it represents a nuclear fission reaction and energy is released during this process.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
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Rank the following atoms from the most electronegative (top) to the least electronegative (bottom).
Answer:
Oxygen
Carbon
Silicon
Hydrogen
Beryllium
Lithium
Explanation:
The trend of electronegativity is that electronegativity increases across a period, and decreases down a group. This means that the elements in the top right of the periodic table are the most electronegative (excluding noble gases)
Knowing this, let's rearrange the elements given in the question.
We have oxygen, carbon, silicon, hydrogen, lithium, and beryllium.
First let's separate the elements on the left and right side of the periodic table:
Left: Hydrogen, lithium, beryllium.
Right: Oxygen, carbon, silicon.
The elements on the right are more electronegative than the left.
Let's focus on the right elements.
Oxygen would be the most electronegative because it is furthest to the right.
Next would be carbon, because it is one higher than silicon.
Then, it would be silicon.
Now, let's look at the left elements.
Hydrogen would be the most electronegative because it is the highest.
Next would be beryllium because it is to the right of lithium
Last would be lithium because it is the most left, and down the group.
So, the final answer will be
Oxygen
Carbon
Silicon
Hydrogen
Beryllium
Lithium
Hope this helps!! If you have any questions about what I said please leave them down in the comments!
A 55 mL bottle of 12 M HCl was diluted with water to a 2.5 M HCl solution. What is the final volume of the diluted acid?
The final volume of the diluted acid that was initially in a 55 mL bottle of 12 M HCl and diluted with water to a 2.5 M HCl solution is 264mL.
How to calculate volume?The volume of a solution can be calculated using the following formula:
C1V1 = C2V2
Where;
C1 = initial concentrationC2 = final concentrationV1 = initial volumeV2 = final volume12 × 55 = 2.5 × V2
660 = 2.5V2
V2 = 264mL
Therefore, the final volume of the diluted acid that was initially in a 55 mL bottle of 12 M HCl and diluted with water to a 2.5 M HCl solution is 264mL.
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Hi, um im in honors chem and at the moment we are doing a 08.06 honors environmental impact and im stuck on this question, i honestly just need help determining what it is asking for...does it want me to put a criteria with a constraint? or just make a list putting them in order (not grouping them together)? . anyways heres the question and the solutions i chose:
prioritization: make one priority list that ranks the criteria and constraints together. explain the ranking of each criterion and constraint, and support your decisions with research.
01. air pollution can be reduced by new regulations from legislation, treaties, and agreements among nations as well as by enforcement of existing regulations with harsher penalties.
02. air pollution can be reduced by conserving energy (large amounts of fossil fuels are used to produce energy), going green, using efficient home energy devices, and using clean energy resources.
Air pollution can be reduced by conserving energy, plant more trees, using efficient energy, and clean energy resources.
How air pollution can be reduced?The air pollution can be reduced by conserving energy, going green, using efficient home energy devices, and using clean energy resources because these actions can reduce the emission of toxic gases into the atmosphere. We should use electrical devices and vehicles instead of fossil fuels vehicles.
So we can conclude that air pollution can be reduced by conserving energy, plant more trees, using efficient energy, and clean energy resources.
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A 25.0 mL sample of an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is titrated to the equivalence point with 21.2 mL of 0.620 M sulfuric acid, H2SO4, acid solution. What is the molarity of the calcium hydroxide solution?
Let's see
C1V1=C2V225C1=21.2(0.620)25C1=13.144C1=0.526MThe bac is a measurement of the amount of alcohol in:.
Answer:
Blood
Explanation:
'B' stands for 'Blood' in Blood Alcohol Content
Which of the following atoms require the greatest amount of ionization energy? Cu, Ag, or Au
Ionization energy is the periodic property of an element. The copper atom has the highest ionization energy among gold and silver atom.
What is ionization energy?Ionization energy is the amount of energy required for the removal of the loosely bounded electron from an atom. The ionization energy can be first, second, and third based on the number of electrons.
Ionization energy down the group decreases from top to bottom as the atomic radii of the element increase. So, the ionization energy for the given elements is Cu > Au > Ag.
Therefore, copper has the highest ionization energy.
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When the u-235 nucleus is struck with a neutron, the zn-72 and sm-160 nuclei are produced, along with some neutrons. How many neutrons are emitted?.
4 neutrons that are produced along with the Zn and sm. The complete final equation is: ²³⁵U + ¹n → [tex]\;^{72}Zn+\;^{160}sm[/tex] + 4 n
What atomic mass?Atomic mass, the quantity of matter contained in an atom of an element.
1) In the left side of the transmutation equation appears:
²³⁵U + ¹n →
Deleting the atomic number (subscript to the left) because the question does not show them as it is focused on a number of neutrons.
2) The right side of the transmutation equation has:
→ [tex]\;^{72}Zn+\;^{160}sm[/tex] +?
3) The total mass number of the left side is 235 + 1 = 236
4) The total mass number of Zn and sm on the right side is 160 + 72 = 232
5) Then, you are lacking 236 - 232 = 4 unit masses on the right side which are the 4 neutrons that are produced along with the Zn and sm.
The complete final equation is:
²³⁵U + ¹n → [tex]\;^{72}Zn+\;^{160}sm[/tex] + 4 n
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a sample of a substance has a density of 1.75 g/cm3 and a mass of 14.7 g. What volume does the sample occupy?
The volume occupied by the sample is 8.4 cm³
What is density?The density is the ratio of mass of the object to its volume.
Given is the mass m =14.7 g and the density is 1.75 g/cm³, then the volume will be
ρ = m/ V
V =m /ρ
Substitute the values, we get
V = 14.7 /1.75
V = 8.4 cm³
Thus, the volume of the sample is 8.4 cm³.
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Name the following alkyne:
CH3
CH₂CH₂C=CCH₂CH₂CHCH
B. 2-methyl-5-octyne
D. 7-methyl-3-octyne
A. 7-methyl-3-nonyne
C. 7-methyl-3-octane
PLS HELP ASAP
Answer:
7 methyl 3 octyne is the answer option D
Name the following alkyne is 7-methyl-3-octyne.
So, option D is correct one.
What is an alkynes?This organic compound have at least one triple bond.An alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.The molecular formula of alkynes are [tex]C_{n} H_{n}[/tex]The numbering in alkynes is started from that side from where the triple bond come first.In the given organic compound, the numbering is started from left hand side because from that side triple bond come first.
In given carbon chain, one triple bond is present at 3rd carbon and one methyl group present at 7th carbon.
The methyl group which is branching at 7th carbon written first.
The suffix yne is added at the end of alkyne name.
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What is the volume of a gas if 0.182 moles of the gas is at 1.99 atm and 83.4oC?
[tex]\text{Given that,}\\\\\text{Pressure,}~ P = 1.99~ \text{atm}\\ \\\text{No. of moles,}~ n = 0.182~ \text{mol.}\\\\\text{Temperature,}~ T = 83.4^{\circ}~ C = 356.4~K\\\\ \text{Molar gas constant,}~ R = 0.082~ \text{L}~ \text{atm}~ \text{mol}^{-1}~ \text{K}^{-1}\\\\\text{Volume,}~ V =?\\\\\text{We know that,}~\\\\~~~~~~~PV =nRT\\\\\implies V = \dfrac{nRT}{P}\\\\\\~~~~~~~~~~=\dfrac{0.182 \times0.082 \times 356.4 }{1.99}\\\\\\~~~~~~~~~~\approx 2.68~ \text{L.}\\\\\\[/tex]
[tex]\text{Hence the volume of the gas is 2.68 L.}[/tex]
2.68L is the volume of a gas if 0.182 moles of the gas is at 1.99 atm and 83.4°C.
What is volume?A measurement of three-dimensional space is volume. It is frequently expressed quantitatively using SI-derived units, as well as several imperial or US-standard units. Volume and the notion of length are connected. In contrast to how much space the container actually occupies, the size of a container is typically thought of as its capacity, or the quantity of liquid it could hold.
Volume was initially measured using naturally occurring vessels of a comparable shape and then with standardised containers. Arithmetic formulas can be used to quickly calculate the volume of several straightforward three-dimensional shapes. If a formula again for shape's boundary is known, it is possible to use integral calculus to determine the volumes of more complex shapes.
P×V = n×R×T
V=n×R×T /P
=0.182 ×0.082×356.4 /1.99
=2.68L
Therefore, 2.68L is the volume of a gas if 0.182 moles of the gas is at 1.99 atm and 83.4°C.
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Addition of water to an alkyne gives a keto‑enol tautomer product. Draw the ketone that is in equilibrium with the given enol
It is to be noted that there are two enol derivates that are possible because the parent ketone is not symmetric. See the explanation below.
What is a Ketone?The chemicals produced in the liver is what are referred to as Ketones. Usually,
Ketones are created by the liver when the body is experiencing a deficiency in the production of insulin in the body. Insulin, of course, converts sugar into energy.
Hence, the enol that will be in harmony or balance with the given ketone 2-Pentanone is indicated in the attached.
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Determine the mass of water produced from 50g hydrochloric acid and
excess potassium hydroxide. HCI + KOH --> H₂O + KCI
Answer:
24.7 grams H₂O
Explanation:
To find the mass of water, you should (1) convert from grams HCl to moles (via molar mass from periodic table), then (2) convert from moles HCl to moles H₂O (via mole-to-mole ratio from equation), and then (3) convert from moles H₂O to grams (via molar mass from periodic table).
1 HCl + KOH --> 1 H₂O + KCl
Molar Mass (HCl): 1.008 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol
Molar Mass (HCl): 36.458 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 16.00 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 18.016 g/mol
50 g HCl 1 mole HCl 1 mole H₂O 18.016 g
-------------- x ------------------ x ------------------- x ------------------- = 24.7 g H₂O
36.458 g 1 mole HCl 1 mole H₂O
identify the world that is being described in each statement about the previous topic afterwards write the first letter of each answer to the corresponding number of missing letters to reveal the words below
help me plss
Answer:
5. Richter magnitude scale
6. Magma
7. Epicenter
8. Seismographs/seismometers
9. Extinct volcanoes
10. Seismogram
Why does hcl conduct electricity with water but not with chloroform
Answer:
ions need to be present in the water. If there are no ions in solution, no electricity is conducted. since, in water, electricity is conducted, this means that HCl completely ionizes to H + and C l − ions. However, in chloroform, since there is no conduction, HCl does not ionize and stays as the
Explanation:
D
Question 13
An atom has 23 protons and 29 neutrons. Which is the correct chemical symbol for this atom?
52 V
23
52 Cu
23
29 C
29 V
23
The correct chemical symbol for an atom that has 23 protons and 29 neutrons is 52/23 V. Details about chemical symbol can be found below.
What is chemical symbol?Chemical symbol is the 1- to 3-letter international code for a chemical element.
The chemical symbol of an element shows the atomic mass and mass number of the element.
The mass number of an element is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. In this case, the mass number of the element is 23 + 29 = 52
Therefore, the correct chemical symbol for an atom that has 23 protons and 29 neutrons is 52/23 V.
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The arrows in the chart below represent phase transitions. Three bars are shown labeled Solid, Liquid, and Gas. They are connected by arrows labeled 1 to 6. Arrow 1 points from liquid to gas; arrow 2 from solid to liquid, arrow 3 from solid to gas, arrow 4 from gas to liquid, arrow 5 from liquid to solid, and arrow 6 from gas to solid. Which arrows represent the phase transitions in which heat energy is gained? 1, 2, and 3 2, 3, and 5 3, 4, and 5 4, 5, and 6 Mark this and return
The arrows that represent the phase transitions in which heat energy is gained is : (A). 1, 2 and 3
Meaning of phase transitionsPhase transitions can be defined as the changing of matter from one form to another due to the addition or gaining of heat or due to the removal or loss of heat.
Phase transitions in matter are majorly between three phases which are: Solid, Liquid and Gas.
In conclusion, The arrows that represent the phase transitions in which heat energy is gained is : (A). 1, 2 and 3
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Which of these is a characteristic of chemical change?
Select one:
a. turns cloudy
b. melts into liquid state
c. boil to a gas
d. break into smaller pieces
Characteristic of Chemical Change: c. boil to a gas
1. Chemical changes involve the transformation of one substance into another substance with different properties.
2. Option c, "boil to a gas," is a characteristic of chemical change.
3. When a substance undergoes a chemical change, it may experience a change in its physical state, such as boiling, as a result of the chemical reactions occurring at the molecular level.
4. Boiling refers to the process in which a substance changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, usually by the absorption of heat energy.
5. During a chemical change, the bonds between atoms or molecules in the substance are broken and rearranged, leading to the formation of new substances.
6. The change in state from a liquid to a gas indicates that a chemical reaction has taken place, resulting in the formation of different chemical compounds.
7. On the other hand, options a and b, turning cloudy and melting into a liquid state, are characteristics of physical changes rather than chemical changes.
8. Turning cloudy generally occurs due to the formation of suspended particles in a substance, while melting refers to the transition from a solid to a liquid state without the formation of new substances.
9. Option d, breaking into smaller pieces, can also be a characteristic of physical changes, such as when a solid is mechanically fragmented, without any alteration in its chemical composition.
10. Therefore, among the given options, the characteristic that specifically indicates a chemical change is c, boiling to a gas.
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Metal objects, such as knifes or bullets, that come into contact with bones can leave trace evidence on them.
O True
O False
What is the density of a sample of charcoal with a mass of 3.0g and a volume of 10 cm^3
How many ml of 0.50 m naoh are needed to exactly neutralize 40. ml of 0.15 m hci?
The volume of NaOH needed to neutralize 40. ml of 0.15 m Hcl acid is 12 mL.
Volume of base neededThe volume of base needed to neutralize 40. ml of 0.15 m Hcl acid is calculated as follows;
C1V1 = C2V2
V1 = (C2V2)/C1
V1 = (40 x 0.15)/(0.5)
V1 = 12 mL
Thus, the volume of NaOH needed to neutralize 40. ml of 0.15 m Hcl acid is 12 mL.
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AZX symbol of a cation with 13 neutrons
The AZX symbol of a cation with 13 neutrons is A = 24 , Z = 11 and X = Na+
What is AZX?AZX is a symbol which stands for;
A is the mass numberZ is the atomic number or the number of protonsX is the chemical symbol of the elementNote, cations are positively-charged ions having more protons than electrons due to loss of one or more electrons.
Sodium ion represented as Na+ is a cation which lost one electron. It has 13 neutrons and 11 protons.
But the mass number of an element, A is the sum of protons and neutrons of the element.
Thus, for Na+
A = 13 + 11 = 24
Z = 11
X = Na+
Therefore, the AZX symbol of a cation with 13 neutrons is A = 24 , Z = 11 and X = Na+
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How many moles of electrons are transferred for each mole of o2 that reacts? justify your answer in terms of the balanced equation and the change in oxidation number of oxygen
Based on the equation of the reaction, for every 1 mole of oxygen that reacts, 4 moles of electrons are transferred.
What are redox reactions?Redox reactions are reactions in which oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously to the same extent.
Oxidation reactions involves addition of oxygen or removal of oxygen.
The equation of reaction when one mole of oxygen accept ectrons is given below:
[tex]O_2 + 4e^{-} \rightarrow 2O^{2-}[/tex]
Therefore, for every 1 mole of oxygen that reacts, 4 moles of electrons are transferred.
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1.A solution has a volume of 2500 mL. How
many liters is this?
2. Convert 50 g of calcium carbonate, CaCO3,
into moles.
3. A solution contains 0.42 moles of solute in
0.75 L. Calculate the molarity of the solution.
4. What is the molarity of a solution that contains
15.0 g of NaOH per 500.0 mL of solution?
5. A 250.0 mL solution contains 4.6 g of copper
(II) chloride, CuCl2. Find the molarity of this
solution.
6. How many moles of hydrochloric acid, HCl, are
present in 0.085 L of a 3.0 M solution?
7. A 37.5 mL solution contains 0.181 g of
potassium chromate, K2CrO4. What is the
molarity?
8. What is the molarity of a solution that contains
0.85 g of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, dissolved
in a solution with volume 100.0 mL?
9. Calculate the mass of lead (II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2,
necessary to make 50.0 mL of a 0.100 M solution.
10. What volume of a 0.35 M solution of sodium
chloride could be formed with 25 g of NaCl?
Answer:
2.5litres
0.0005moles
0.56M
0.75M
0.1369M
0.255moles
0.0163M
0.10625M
3.312g
1221.14cm³
Explanations
1. 25÷1000=2.5l
2.Moles=Mass÷RFM
50÷1000÷(100)
0.0005moles
3.I litre=1000cm³
0.75litres=?
750cm³
0.42moles=750cm³
?=1000cm³
0.56M
4. Molarity=Conc. in g/l÷RFM
Conc.g/l
15g=500cm³
1000cm³
30g/l
Molarity
30÷(23+16+1)
0.75M
5.4.6g=250cm³
1000cm³
18.4g/l
Molarity
18.4÷(134.446)
0.1369M
6.3moles=1000cm³
(0.085×1000)
0.255moles
7.Conc.g/l
37.5cm³=0.181g
1000cm³
4.827g/l
Molarity=4.827÷(296)
0.0163M
when you draw a bow across a violin string which kind of wave is created in the air surrounding the string
Answer:
When the string on a violin vibrates, waves move in both directions along the string, interfering with each other. These waves are standing waves.
Explanation:
What are Standing Waves?
The Standing Waves are waves generated due to the vibrational frequency that produces reflected waves capable of interfering with the incident waves.
Which describes the two ways that energy is measured?
The two ways in which energy is measured include:
TemperatureConvectionWhat is Energy?This is defined as the capacity or the ability to do work in an object or body at a given time.
Thermal energy is a determining factor in the level of temperature and convection which makes it the most appropriate choice.
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Answer:
D. in wavelength and temperature!
Explanation:
Some scientists believe that the mass extinction of dinosaurs was caused by the impact of a large meteorite on earth. this impact would have caused a darkening of the sky due to dust blown into the upper atmosphere. this darkening would have reduced the sizes of some ecosystems because of
The darkening of the atmosphere caused by meteorites would have reduced the sizes of some ecosystems due to less solar energy being available to plants.
What is Solar energy?This is the form of energy which is derived from the sun and is usually trapped by plants during photosynthesis.
Plants being primary producers will have less photosynthetic activity thereby leading to less food production and oxygen availability.
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What can scientists learn from radiometric dating?
A- how long ago a plant or animal lived
B- how much time it took a fossil to form
C- where a plant or animal lived
D- whether a fossil has modern relatives
Answer:
B- how much time it took a fossil to form
Explanation:
To determine the ages in years of Earth materials and the timing of geologic events such as exhumation and subduction, geologists utilize the process of radiometric decay.
When bromine water is shaken with a liquid organic compound it is rapidly
answer:
This allows us to tell alkenes apart from alkanes using a simple chemical test. Bromine water is an orange solution of bromine. It becomes colourless when it is shaken with an alkene. Alkenes can decolourise bromine water, but alkanes cannot.
explanation:
HELP!! I need some real world applications for different amounts of acetic acid (vinegar) mixed with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). This is really important for my assessment so please help!!!
A mixture of acetic acid (vinegar) mixed with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) is called carbonic acid and is very useful as a cleaning agent.
What is the use of acetic acid (vinegar) mixed with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)?A mixture of acetic acid (vinegar) mixed with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) is called carbonic acid and is very useful as a cleaning agent since it has a fizzling sensation.
It can be used to clean the carpet, washing machine, pressing iron, dish washer etc.
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