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Have you ever cut an apple in half and looked at the layers inside? When you cut something in half, the resulting view is called a cross section. When you look at the cross section of an apple, you see several layers: the skin, the pulp, the core, and the seeds. Much like the apple, Earth is made up of layers, too. If you could look at a cross section of our planet, you would see the crust. the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core. If Earth were an apple, the crust would be the apple’s skin. The mantle would be the apple’s pulp, making up most of the inside. Earth also has a central core, similar to an apple’s core, though Earth’s core does not contain any seeds! Of course, scientists cannot cut the whole planet in half to see a cross section the way you can with an apple. How do you think scientists know about Earth’s internal layers?

Scientists divide Earth’s interior into distinct layers.

Scientists can distinguish different layers in Earth depending on the properties used to identify each layer. For example, scientists identify the crust, mantle, and core based on each layer’s basic chemical composition. In other words, the crust, mantle, and core are each made up of different chemical elements. The crust and mantle are composed primarily of the elements oxygen and silicon. These are known as silicates. Silicates of the mantle contain heavier elements. This makes them denser than those found in the crust. The core is composed of the densest materials, primarily iron and nickel. Earth’s layers can also be identified by using each layer’s physical state of matter. The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, together, make up a layer called the lithosphere. The lithosphere is the cool, rigid, outermost layer of Earth. The lithosphere is in the solid
In a typical silicate molecule, a silicon atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms. The atoms form a crystal structure.

Scientists use models to represent the different layers of Earth’s interior.

When constructing a model of the layers of Earth, scientists need to consider the chemical composition, state of matter, and thickness of each layer. Just like the skin of an apple, Earth’s crust is very thin compared to the other layers. It is about 25–70 km thick beneath the continents. Under the oceans, the crust is only about 5–7 km thick; however, it is much denser. The mantle is much thicker than the crust is, taking up most of Earth’s volume. The mantle begins directly beneath Earth’s crust. It reaches all the way to the outer core, about 2,900 km below the planet’s surface. In other words, Earth is about 1% crust, 83% mantle, and 16% core.

The crust and uppermost mantle are solid. The rest of the mantle is solid with plasticity. The core is made of very dense iron and nickel. The outer core is liquid, because it is hot enough to melt the iron and nickel. The inner core is solid. Even though it is as hot as the outer core, there is so much pressure at the very center of Earth that the iron and nickel stay in a solid state.

Looking to the Future: Exploring Earth’s Interior

Despite what you may have read in stories or seen in movies, scientists have never journeyed to the center of Earth. In fact, scientists have never made it through Earth’s crust! However, this has not stopped them from trying. The crust at the bottom of the oceans is much thinner than the crust of the continents. Therefore, drilling through the oceanic crust is the best chance that scientists have to make it to the mantle.

Answer:

a

 [tex]\Delta P = 7558.6 \ Pa[/tex]

b

 [tex]h_1 = 10 \ m[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

   The position of the column of mercury in the barometer is  [tex]h = 736 \ mm = 0.76 \ m[/tex]\

   The density of mercury is  [tex]\rho = 13,000 \ kg / m^3[/tex]

Generally the  pressure of the atmosphere at that column is mathematically represented as  

         [tex]P = \rho * g * h[/tex]

=>      [tex]P =13 000 * 9.8 * 0.736[/tex]

=>      [tex]P = 93766.4 \ Pa[/tex]

Generally the atmospheric pressure at sea level (Generally the pressure before the change in level of the mercury column)  is  [tex]P_a = 101325 \ Pa[/tex]

Generally the change in air pressure  is mathematically represented as

      [tex]\Delta P = P_a - P[/tex]

=>   [tex]\Delta P = 101325 - 93766.4[/tex]

=>   [tex]\Delta P = 7558.6 \ Pa[/tex]

Generally the height which the column will rise to is mathematically evaluated as  

         [tex]h_1 = \frac{P}{ \rho_w * g }[/tex]

Here [tex]\rho_w[/tex] is the density of water with value  [tex]\rho_w = 1000 \ kg/m^3[/tex]

So

       [tex]h_1 = \frac{ 93766.4}{ 1000 * 9.8 }[/tex]

=>   [tex]h_1 = 10 \ m[/tex]

Answer:

The value is  [tex]x = 0.084 \ m[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

   The mass of the block is  [tex]m = 0.30 \ kg[/tex]

   The force exerted is  [tex]F = 1.2 \ N[/tex]

   The  frequency is  [tex]f = 1.1 \ Hz[/tex]

Generally the spring constant of the spring is mathematically represented as

       [tex]k = (2 \pi f)^2 * m[/tex]

=>    [tex]k = (2 * 3.142 * 1.1 )^2 * 0.30[/tex]

=>    [tex]k = 14.33 \ N/m[/tex]

Generally the spring constant is also mathematically represented as

      [tex]k = \frac{ F }{x }[/tex]

=>   [tex]14.33 = \frac{ 1.2 }{x }[/tex]

=>   [tex]x = 0.084 \ m[/tex]

Answer: It’s fastest in gases. Letter C !

Explanation:

Answer:

its c

Explanation:

Answer:

srry i ll get back to with an answer

Explanation:

Answer:

C. and D.

C. becuase A is heavier so it will land first

Answer:

Potential energy = 14.7 Joules.

Explanation:

Given the following data;

Mass, m = 1kg

Height, h = 1.5m

We know that acceleration due to gravity is equal to 9.8m/s²

Potential energy can be defined as an energy possessed by an object or body due to its position.

Mathematically, potential energy is given by the formula;

[tex] P.E = mgh[/tex]

Where, P.E represents potential energy measured in Joules.

m represents the mass of an object.

g represents acceleration due to gravity measured in meters per seconds square.

h represents the height measured in meters.

[tex] P.E = mgh[/tex]

Substituting into the equation, we have;

[tex] P.E = 1*9.8*1.5[/tex]

P.E = 14.7 Joules.

Answer:

Light and heat!

Explanation:

This is correct<3

Answer:

light and heat

Explanation:

i love science

Answer:

(2x + 4)(x - 4)=2x^2-4x-16

Answer:

The Answer is A "To think of different materials to test"

Explanation:

APE X

At its lowest point, the ball feels a downward force due to its weight of 71.2 N and an upward force of tension from the rope. Its motion is circular, so that the net radial acceleration is felt upward toward the center of the circle.

With a tangential speed of 4.2 m/s at the lowest point, its radial acceleration has magnitude

a = (4.2 m/s)² / (3.8 m) ≈ 4.6 m/s²

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer:

Refractive index of the plastic = 1.46

Explanation:

By Snell's law,

[tex]\frac{\text{sin}\theta _{2} }{\text{sin}\theta _{1}}=\frac{n_1}{n_2}[/tex]

Here, [tex]\theta _1[/tex] = Angle of incidence in medium 1 (Plastic)

[tex]\theta_2[/tex] = Angle of refraction in medium 2 (Water)

[tex]n_1[/tex] = Refractive index of medium 1 (Plastic)

[tex]n_2[/tex] = Refractive index of medium 2 (Water)

By substituting values in the formula,

[tex]\frac{\text{sin}(48.7)}{\text{sin}(55.5)}=\frac{1.33}{n_2}[/tex]

[tex]n_2=\frac{1.33\times \text{sin}(55.5)}{\text{sin}(48.7)}[/tex]

    = 1.46

Therefore, refractive index of the plastic = 1.46

Answer:10 m/s

Explanation:

A 100 kg gymnast comes to a stop after tumbling. Her feet do 5,000 J of work to stop her. The girl's velocity when she began to stop is 10 m/sec.

When an item is moving, its velocity is the rate at which its direction is changing as seen from a certain point of view and as measured by a specific unit of time. Velocity is vector quantity.

Uniform motion an object is said to have uniform motion when object cover equal distance in equal interval of time within exact fixed direction. For a body in uniform motion, the magnitude of its velocity remains constant over time. Here in the question velocity is changing by using work energy theorem we have,

work done = change in kinetic energy

5000 = (.5).m.v² , where v is velocity.

5000 = (.5).100.v²

v = 10 m/sec

A 100 kg gymnast comes to a stop after tumbling. Her feet do 5,000 J of work to stop her. The girl's velocity when she began to stop is 10 m/sec.

To learn more about velocity refer the link:

brainly.com/question/18084516  

#SPJ6

Answer:

a

[tex]L = 5.25*10^{7} \ m[/tex]

b

[tex]m = 1 \ kg[/tex]

c

[tex]t = 1.46112000000 *10^{11} \ s[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

     Length  is   L  = 52500000 m

      Mass  is    

     Time  is   2435200000    minutes

Generally the proper SI for length is  meters ,

Now converting the given length to proper SI form using the appropriate prefixes we have that

             [tex]L = 5.25*10^{7} \ m[/tex]

Generally the proper SI for mass is  kilograms

converting  grams to kilograms , we have

           [tex]m =\frac{1000}{1000 }[/tex]

=>       [tex]m = 1 \ kg[/tex]

Generally the proper SI for time  is  seconds

converting  minutes  to seconds , we have

        [tex]t = 24352000000* 60[/tex]

=>      [tex]t = 146112000000 \ s[/tex]

Now converting to the  proper SI form using the appropriate prefixes

        [tex]t = 1.46112000000 *10^{11} \ s[/tex]

Answer: Possibly b

Explanation:

Answer and Explanation:

--> MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is an imaging technique that involves the use of radio waves and magnetic field to generate high detailed images of the human body. It's clinical applications includes:

• Bone and joint MRI:  these are done to check for bone and joint problems such as bone marrow disorders, arthritis, or bone tumours.

• A Spine MRI: This is used to investigate the spinal disc and innervations for disorders such as spinal tumours.

• Chest MRI: This is used to detect abnormalities of the heart, heart valves and coronary arteries.

--> X-RAY: These are electromagnetic waves of short wavelength with high penetrating power. They are produced when fast moving electrons strike a mass of heavy atoms such as those of metals. It's applications includes:

• They are used to detect hidden cracks in materials.

• They are used to show broken bones in human body.

• They are used in the study of internal structures of crystals.

• In agriculture, x-rays are used in killing germs.

--> ULTRASOUND: This makes use of high frequency sounds to detect abnormalities in the human body. An ultrasound machine transmits sound waves into the body which are reflected at the surfaces between the tissues of different density. It can also be used in different disciplines such as imaging, cleaning, mixing, navigation and communication   It's applications includes:

•. Detection of Cracks: when applied on metallic surface under investigation, high frequency sound wave reflects back which and be predicted and recorded.

--> INFRARED RADIATION: This is a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength longer than visible light. It is visible to the human eye and most heated surfaces transmits infrared radiation. It's applications includes:

• it is used for the purpose of sensing and detection. For example the night vision goggles and infrared cameras. Remote control makes use of infrared light waves to change channels in the television.

because of gravitional pull

Answer:

PART A: Maximum speed = 0.314 m/s

PART B: Maximum acceleration = 1.23 m/s²

Explanation:

A simple Harmonic motion is a repetitive motion through an equilibrium point.

Amplitude = 8.0cm = 8/100 = 0.08m (highest displacement)

period (T) = 0.80s

A) maximum speed [tex](V_{max)[/tex]

[tex]V_{max} = 2\pi fA\\where:\\A = Amplitude = 0.08m\\f = frequency = \frac{1}{period(T)} = \frac{1}{0.8} = 1.25 Hz\\\therefore 2\pi fA = 2\pi \times 1.25 \times 0.08\\= 0.314\ m/s[/tex]

B) maximum acceleration [tex](a_{max})[/tex]

[tex]a_{max} = (2\pi f)^2A\\where:\\f = 1.25Hz\\A = 0.08m\\a_{max} = (2\pi \times 1.25)^2 \times 0.08\\= 1.23\ m/s^2[/tex]

Answer:the answer is “A book sitting on a high shelf” :)

Explanation:

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

c. because A will land first becuase its heavier

and D.

Explanation:

Answer:

? who is atera11?

Explanation:

Answer:

No

Explanation:

Answer:

No

Explanation:

Tornadoes are usally produced in the Midwest regions. Hurricanes are made with water, not clouds. So, no, hurricanes cannot produce tornadoes.

Answer:

PLEASE MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!

Explanation:

ANSWER IS IN THE IMG BELOW

Answer:

NOOOOOOO NOT THE PACER TEST!!

Explanation:

MEMORIES OF MIDDLE SCHOOL I'D LIKE TO FORGET

also. LOL "Remember to run in a straight line" BRUH WE KNOW XDXD

Answer:

a)  I = ([tex]\frac{M}{3}[/tex] + [tex]\frac{4m}{9}[/tex]) L²  ,   b)     w = (\frac{27 M}{18 m} + 2)⁻¹  Lv₀

Explanation:

a) The moment of inertia is a scalar that represents the inertia in circular motion, therefore it is an additive quantity.

The moment of inertia of a rod held at one end is

         I₁ = 1/3 M L²

The moment of inertia of the mass at y = L

        I₂ = m y²

The total inertia method

        I = I₁ + I₂

        I = \frac{1}{3} M L² + m (\frac{2}{3} L)²

        I = ([tex]\frac{M}{3}[/tex] +[tex]\frac{4m}{9}[/tex] ) L²

b) The conservation of angular momentum, where the system is formed by the masses and the bar, in such a way that all the forces during the collision are internal.    

Initial instant. Before the crash  

       L₀ = I₂ w₀  

angular and linear velocity are related  

       w₀ = y v₀  

      w₀ = [tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex]L v₀  

      L₀ = I₂ y v₀  

Final moment. After the crash  

      [tex]L_{f}[/tex] = I w

how angular momentum is conserved  

      L₀ = L_{f}

      I₂ y v₀ = I w

substitute

      m ([tex]\frac{2L}{3}[/tex])² (\frac{2L}{3} v₀ =  ([tex]\frac{M}{3}[/tex] +[tex]\frac{4m}{9}[/tex] ) L²  w

      [tex]\frac{6}{27}[/tex]  m L³ v₀ = ([tex]\frac{M}{3}[/tex] +[tex]\frac{4m}{9}[/tex] ) L²  w

        [tex]\frac{6}{27}[/tex]  m L v₀ = ([tex]\frac{M}{3}[/tex] +[tex]\frac{4m}{9}[/tex] )   w

        L v₀ = [tex](\frac{27 M}{18 m} + 2)[/tex]  w     

       w = (\frac{27 M}{18 m} + 2)⁻¹  Lv₀